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Third Substitute H.B. 86

Representative Carl Wimmer proposes the following substitute bill:


             1     
PENALTIES FOR SEXUAL

             2     
OFFENSES AND CHILD KIDNAPPING

             3     
2007 GENERAL SESSION

             4     
STATE OF UTAH

             5     
Chief Sponsor: Carl Wimmer

             6     
Senate Sponsor: Howard A. Stephenson

             7     
             8      LONG TITLE
             9      General Description:
             10          This bill amends provisions of the Utah Criminal Code relating to penalties for sexual
             11      offenses and child kidnapping.
             12      Highlighted Provisions:
             13          This bill:
             14          .    defines terms;
             15          .    increases the base penalties for certain sexual offenses and child kidnapping;
             16          .    provides for greater penalties for certain sexual offenses and child kidnapping when
             17      the defendant causes serious bodily injury to another during the course of the
             18      commission of the offense;
             19          .    provides that a person who commits certain sexual offenses after previously being
             20      convicted of a grievous sexual offense shall be sentenced to life imprisonment
             21      without parole;
             22          .    describes the order of precedence of certain sentencing enhancements;
             23          .    modifies or replaces existing sentencing enhancements;
             24          .    expands the list of crimes for which probation, suspension of sentence, reduction of
             25      the category of offense, or hospitalization may not be granted; and


             26          .    makes technical changes.
             27      Monies Appropriated in this Bill:
             28          None
             29      Other Special Clauses:
             30          None
             31      Utah Code Sections Affected:
             32      AMENDS:
             33          34A-2-110, as last amended by Chapter 329, Laws of Utah 1998
             34          76-1-601, as last amended by Chapter 205, Laws of Utah 1996
             35          76-3-201, as last amended by Chapter 208, Laws of Utah 2006
             36          76-3-203.2, as last amended by Chapter 148, Laws of Utah 2003
             37          76-3-203.5, as last amended by Chapter 59, Laws of Utah 2005
             38          76-3-203.6, as enacted by Chapter 209, Laws of Utah 2001
             39          76-3-203.7, as enacted by Chapter 299, Laws of Utah 2001
             40          76-3-406, as last amended by Chapter 149, Laws of Utah 2003
             41          76-5-301.1, as last amended by Chapter 301, Laws of Utah 2001
             42          76-5-402, as last amended by Chapter 267, Laws of Utah 1991
             43          76-5-402.1, as last amended by Chapter 40, Laws of Utah 1996
             44          76-5-402.2, as last amended by Chapter 18, Laws of Utah 1984
             45          76-5-402.3, as last amended by Chapter 128, Laws of Utah 2000
             46          76-5-403, as last amended by Chapter 88, Laws of Utah 1983
             47          76-5-403.1, as last amended by Chapter 40, Laws of Utah 1996
             48          76-5-404, as last amended by Chapter 18, Laws of Utah 1984
             49          76-5-404.1, as last amended by Chapter 149, Laws of Utah 2003
             50          76-5-405, as last amended by Chapter 289, Laws of Utah 1997
             51      REPEALS AND REENACTS:
             52          76-3-407, as last amended by Chapter 208, Laws of Utah 2006
             53      REPEALS:
             54          76-3-408, as last amended by Chapter 18, Laws of Utah 1984
             55     
             56      Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:


             57          Section 1. Section 34A-2-110 is amended to read:
             58           34A-2-110. Workers' compensation insurance fraud -- Elements -- Penalties --
             59      Notice.
             60          (1) As used in this section:
             61          (a) "Corporation" has the same meaning as in [Subsection] Section 76-2-201 [(3)].
             62          (b) "Intentionally" has the same meaning as in [Subsection] Section 76-2-103 [(1)].
             63          (c) "Knowingly" has the same meaning as in [Subsection] Section 76-2-103 [(2)].
             64          (d) "Person" has the same meaning as in [Subsection] Section 76-1-601 [(8)].
             65          (e) "Recklessly" has the same meaning as in [Subsection] Section 76-2-103 [(3)].
             66          (2) (a) Any person is guilty of workers' compensation insurance fraud if that person
             67      intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly:
             68          (i) devises any scheme or artifice to obtain workers' compensation insurance coverage,
             69      disability compensation, medical benefits, goods, professional services, fees for professional
             70      services, or anything of value under this chapter or Chapter 3, Utah Occupational Disease Act,
             71      by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, promises, or material omissions; and
             72          (ii) communicates or causes a communication with another in furtherance of the
             73      scheme or artifice.
             74          (b) Workers' compensation insurance fraud under Subsection (2)(a) is punishable in the
             75      manner prescribed by Section 76-10-1801 for communication fraud.
             76          (3) A corporation or association is guilty of the offense of workers' compensation
             77      insurance fraud under the same conditions as those set forth in Section 76-2-204 .
             78          (4) The determination of the degree of any offense under Subsection (2) shall be
             79      measured by the total value of all property, money, or other things obtained or sought to be
             80      obtained by the scheme or artifice described in Subsection (2), except as provided in
             81      Subsection 76-10-1801 (1)(e).
             82          (5) Reliance on the part of any person is not a necessary element of the offense
             83      described in Subsection (2).
             84          (6) An intent on the part of the perpetrator of any offense described in Subsection (2) to
             85      permanently deprive any person of property, money, or anything of value is not a necessary
             86      element of this offense.
             87          (7) An insurer or self-insured employer giving written notice in accordance with


             88      Subsection (10) that workers' compensation insurance fraud is a crime is not a necessary
             89      element of the offense described in Subsection (2).
             90          (8) A scheme or artifice to obtain workers' compensation insurance coverage includes
             91      any scheme or artifice to make or cause to be made any false written or oral statement or
             92      business reorganization, incorporation, or change in ownership intended to obtain insurance
             93      coverage as mandated by this chapter or Chapter 3, Utah Occupational Disease Act, at rates
             94      that do not reflect the risk, industry, employer, or class codes actually covered by the policy.
             95          (9) A scheme or artifice to obtain disability compensation includes a scheme or artifice
             96      to collect or make a claim for temporary disability compensation as provided in Section
             97      34A-2-410 while working for gain.
             98          (10) (a) Each insurer or self-insured employer who, in connection with this chapter or
             99      Chapter 3, Utah Occupational Disease Act, prints, reproduces, or furnishes a form to any
             100      person upon which that person applies for insurance coverage, reports payroll, makes a claim
             101      by reason of accident, injury, death, disease, or other claimed loss, or otherwise reports or gives
             102      notice to the insurer or self-insured employer, shall cause to be printed or displayed in
             103      comparative prominence with other content the statement: "Any person who knowingly
             104      presents false or fraudulent underwriting information, files or causes to be filed a false or
             105      fraudulent claim for disability compensation or medical benefits, or submits a false or
             106      fraudulent report or billing for health care fees or other professional services is guilty of a
             107      crime and may be subject to fines and confinement in state prison."
             108          (b) Each insurer or self-insured employer who issues a check, warrant, or other
             109      financial instrument in payment of compensation issued under this chapter or Chapter 3, Utah
             110      Occupational Disease Act, shall cause to be printed or displayed in comparative prominence
             111      above the area for endorsement a statement substantially similar to the following: "Workers'
             112      compensation insurance fraud is a crime punishable by Utah law."
             113          (c) (i) Subsections (10)(a) and (b) apply only to the legal obligations of an insurer or a
             114      self-insured employer.
             115          (ii) A person who violates Subsection (2) is guilty of workers' compensation insurance
             116      fraud, and the failure of an insurer or a self-insured employer to fully comply with Subsections
             117      (10)(a) and (b) may not be:
             118          (A) a defense to violating Subsection (2); or


             119          (B) grounds for suppressing evidence.
             120          (11) In the absence of malice, a person, employer, insurer, or governmental entity that
             121      reports a suspected fraudulent act relating to a workers' compensation insurance policy or claim
             122      is not subject to any civil liability for libel, slander, or any other relevant cause of action.
             123          (12) In any action involving workers' compensation, this section supersedes Title 31A,
             124      Chapter 31, Insurance Fraud Act.
             125          Section 2. Section 76-1-601 is amended to read:
             126           76-1-601. Definitions.
             127          Unless otherwise provided, the following terms apply to this title:
             128          (1) "Act" means a voluntary bodily movement and includes speech.
             129          (2) "Actor" means a person whose criminal responsibility is in issue in a criminal
             130      action.
             131          (3) "Bodily injury" means physical pain, illness, or any impairment of physical
             132      condition.
             133          (4) "Conduct" means an act or omission.
             134          (5) "Dangerous weapon" means:
             135          (a) any item capable of causing death or serious bodily injury; or
             136          (b) a facsimile or representation of the item; and:
             137          (i) the actor's use or apparent intended use of the item leads the victim to reasonably
             138      believe the item is likely to cause death or serious bodily injury; or
             139          (ii) the actor represents to the victim verbally or in any other manner that he is in
             140      control of such an item.
             141          (6) "Grievous sexual offense" means:
             142          (a) rape, Section 76-5-402 ;
             143          (b) rape of a child, Section 76-5-402.1 ;
             144          (c) object rape, Section 76-5-402.2 ;
             145          (d) object rape of a child, Section 76-5-402.3 ;
             146          (e) forcible sodomy, Subsection 76-5-403 (2);
             147          (f) sodomy on a child; Section 76-5-403.1 ;
             148          (g) aggravated sexual abuse of a child, Subsection 76-5-404.1 (4);
             149          (h) aggravated sexual assault, Section 76-5-405 ;


             150          (i) any felony attempt to commit an offense described in Subsections (6)(a) through
             151      (h); or
             152          (j) an offense in another state, territory, or district of the United States that, if
             153      committed in Utah, would constitute an offense described in Subsections (6)(a) through (i).
             154          [(6)] (7) "Offense" means a violation of any penal statute of this state.
             155          [(7)] (8) "Omission" means a failure to act when there is a legal duty to act and the
             156      actor is capable of acting.
             157          [(8)] (9) "Person" means an individual, public or private corporation, government,
             158      partnership, or unincorporated association.
             159          [(9)] (10) "Possess" means to have physical possession of or to exercise dominion or
             160      control over tangible property.
             161          [(10)] (11) "Serious bodily injury" means bodily injury that creates or causes serious
             162      permanent disfigurement, protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member
             163      or organ, or creates a substantial risk of death.
             164          [(11)] (12) "Substantial bodily injury" means bodily injury, not amounting to serious
             165      bodily injury, that creates or causes protracted physical pain, temporary disfigurement, or
             166      temporary loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ.
             167          [(12)] (13) "Writing" or "written" includes any handwriting, typewriting, printing,
             168      electronic storage or transmission, or any other method of recording information or fixing
             169      information in a form capable of being preserved.
             170          Section 3. Section 76-3-201 is amended to read:
             171           76-3-201. Definitions -- Sentences or combination of sentences allowed -- Civil
             172      penalties -- Hearing.
             173          (1) As used in this section:
             174          (a) "Conviction" includes a:
             175          (i) judgment of guilt; and
             176          (ii) plea of guilty.
             177          (b) "Criminal activities" means any offense of which the defendant is convicted or any
             178      other criminal conduct for which the defendant admits responsibility to the sentencing court
             179      with or without an admission of committing the criminal conduct.
             180          (c) "Pecuniary damages" means all special damages, but not general damages, which a


             181      person could recover against the defendant in a civil action arising out of the facts or events
             182      constituting the defendant's criminal activities and includes the money equivalent of property
             183      taken, destroyed, broken, or otherwise harmed, and losses including earnings and medical
             184      expenses.
             185          (d) "Restitution" means full, partial, or nominal payment for pecuniary damages to a
             186      victim, and payment for expenses to a governmental entity for extradition or transportation and
             187      as further defined in Title 77, Chapter 38a, Crime Victims Restitution Act.
             188          (e) (i) "Victim" means any person who the court determines has suffered pecuniary
             189      damages as a result of the defendant's criminal activities.
             190          (ii) "Victim" does not include any coparticipant in the defendant's criminal activities.
             191          (2) Within the limits prescribed by this chapter, a court may sentence a person
             192      convicted of an offense to any one of the following sentences or combination of them:
             193          (a) to pay a fine;
             194          (b) to removal or disqualification from public or private office;
             195          (c) to probation unless otherwise specifically provided by law;
             196          (d) to imprisonment;
             197          (e) on or after April 27, 1992, to life in prison without parole; or
             198          (f) to death.
             199          (3) (a) This chapter does not deprive a court of authority conferred by law to:
             200          (i) forfeit property;
             201          (ii) dissolve a corporation;
             202          (iii) suspend or cancel a license;
             203          (iv) permit removal of a person from office;
             204          (v) cite for contempt; or
             205          (vi) impose any other civil penalty.
             206          (b) A civil penalty may be included in a sentence.
             207          (4) (a) When a person is convicted of criminal activity that has resulted in pecuniary
             208      damages, in addition to any other sentence it may impose, the court shall order that the
             209      defendant make restitution to the victims, or for conduct for which the defendant has agreed to
             210      make restitution as part of a plea agreement.
             211          (b) In determining whether restitution is appropriate, the court shall follow the criteria


             212      and procedures as provided in Title 77, Chapter 38a, Crime Victims Restitution Act.
             213          (5) (a) In addition to any other sentence the court may impose, the court shall order the
             214      defendant to pay restitution of governmental transportation expenses if the defendant was:
             215          (i) transported pursuant to court order from one county to another within the state at
             216      governmental expense to resolve pending criminal charges;
             217          (ii) charged with a felony or a class A, B, or C misdemeanor; and
             218          (iii) convicted of a crime.
             219          (b) The court may not order the defendant to pay restitution of governmental
             220      transportation expenses if any of the following apply:
             221          (i) the defendant is charged with an infraction or on a subsequent failure to appear a
             222      warrant is issued for an infraction; or
             223          (ii) the defendant was not transported pursuant to a court order.
             224          (c) (i) Restitution of governmental transportation expenses under Subsection (5)(a)(i)
             225      shall be calculated according to the following schedule:
             226          (A) $75 for up to 100 miles a defendant is transported;
             227          (B) $125 for 100 up to 200 miles a defendant is transported; and
             228          (C) $250 for 200 miles or more a defendant is transported.
             229          (ii) The schedule of restitution under Subsection (5)(c)(i) applies to each defendant
             230      transported regardless of the number of defendants actually transported in a single trip.
             231          (d) If a defendant has been extradited to this state under Title 77, Chapter 30,
             232      Extradition, to resolve pending criminal charges and is convicted of criminal activity in the
             233      county to which he has been returned, the court may, in addition to any other sentence it may
             234      impose, order that the defendant make restitution for costs expended by any governmental
             235      entity for the extradition.
             236          (6) (a) In addition to any other sentence the court may impose, the court shall order the
             237      defendant to pay court-ordered restitution to the county for the cost of incarceration in the
             238      county correctional facility before and after sentencing if:
             239          (i) the defendant is convicted of criminal activity that results in incarceration in the
             240      county correctional facility; and
             241          (ii) (A) the defendant is not a state prisoner housed in a county correctional facility
             242      through a contract with the Department of Corrections; or


             243          (B) the reimbursement does not duplicate the reimbursement provided under Section
             244      64-13c-301 if the defendant is a state prisoner housed in a county correctional facility as a
             245      condition of probation under Subsection 77-18-1 (8).
             246          (b) (i) The costs of incarceration under Subsection (6)(a) are:
             247          (A) the daily core inmate incarceration costs and medical and transportation costs
             248      established under Section 64-13c-302 ; and
             249          (B) the costs of transportation services and medical care that exceed the negotiated
             250      reimbursement rate established under Subsection 64-13c-302 (2).
             251          (ii) The costs of incarceration under Subsection (6)(a) do not include expenses incurred
             252      by the county correctional facility in providing reasonable accommodation for an inmate
             253      qualifying as an individual with a disability as defined and covered by the federal Americans
             254      with Disabilities Act of 1990, 42 U.S.C. 12101 through 12213, including medical and mental
             255      health treatment for the inmate's disability.
             256          (c) In determining the monetary sum and other conditions for the court-ordered
             257      restitution under this Subsection (6), the court shall consider the criteria provided under
             258      Subsections 77-38a-302 (5)(c)(i) through (iv).
             259          (d) If on appeal the defendant is found not guilty of the criminal activity under
             260      Subsection (6)(a)(i) and that finding is final as defined in Section 76-1-304 , the county shall
             261      reimburse the defendant for restitution the defendant paid for costs of incarceration under
             262      Subsection (6)(a).
             263          [(7) (a) If a statute under which the defendant was convicted mandates that one of three
             264      stated minimum terms shall be imposed, the court shall order imposition of the term of middle
             265      severity unless there are circumstances in aggravation or mitigation of the crime, except as
             266      provided in Subsection (8).]
             267          [(b) Prior to or at the time of sentencing, either party may submit a statement
             268      identifying circumstances in aggravation or mitigation or presenting additional facts. If the
             269      statement is in writing, it shall be filed with the court and served on the opposing party at least
             270      four days prior to the time set for sentencing.]
             271          [(c) In determining whether there are circumstances that justify imposition of the
             272      highest or lowest term, the court may consider the record in the case, the probation officer's
             273      report, other reports, including reports received under Section 76-3-404 , statements in


             274      aggravation or mitigation submitted by the prosecution or the defendant, and any further
             275      evidence introduced at the sentencing hearing.]
             276          [(d) The court shall set forth on the record the facts supporting and reasons for
             277      imposing the upper or lower term.]
             278          [(e) In determining a just sentence, the court shall consider sentencing guidelines
             279      regarding aggravating and mitigating circumstances promulgated by the Sentencing
             280      Commission.]
             281          [(8) (a) The defendant shall be sentenced to the highest minimum term in prison if the
             282      trier of fact finds that:]
             283          [(i) during the commission of any of the following offenses the defendant causes
             284      substantial bodily injury to the child:]
             285          [(A) Section 76-5-301.1 , child kidnapping;]
             286          [(B) Section 76-5-402.1 , rape of a child;]
             287          [(C) Section 76-5-402.3 , object rape of a child; or]
             288          [(D) Section 76-5-403.1 , sodomy on a child; or]
             289          [(ii) at the time of the commission of any of the offenses in Subsections (8)(a)(i)(A)
             290      through (D), the defendant had been previously convicted of:]
             291          [(A) Section 76-5-402 , rape;]
             292          [(B) Section 76-5-402.1 , rape of a child;]
             293          [(C) Section 76-5-402.2 , object rape;]
             294          [(D) Section 76-5-402.3 , object rape of a child;]
             295          [(E) Subsection 76-5-403 (2), forcible sodomy;]
             296          [(F) Section 76-5-403.1 , sodomy on a child;]
             297          [(G) Section 76-5-404 , forcible sexual abuse;]
             298          [(H) Section 76-5-404.1 , sexual abuse of a child and aggravated sexual abuse of a
             299      child;]
             300          [(I) Section 76-5-405 , aggravated sexual assault;]
             301          [(J) any offense in any other state or federal jurisdiction which constitutes or would
             302      constitute a crime in Subsections (8)(a)(ii)(A) through (I); or]
             303          [(K) the attempt to commit any of the offenses in Subsections (8)(a)(ii)(A) through
             304      (J).]


             305          [(b) This Subsection (8) takes precedence over any conflicting provision of law.]
             306          Section 4. Section 76-3-203.2 is amended to read:
             307           76-3-203.2. Definitions -- Use of dangerous weapon in offenses committed on or
             308      about school premises -- Enhanced penalties.
             309          (1) (a) As used in this section and Section 76-10-505.5 , "on or about school premises"
             310      means any of the following:
             311          (i) in a public or private elementary, secondary, or on the grounds of any of those
             312      schools;
             313          (ii) in a public or private vocational school or postsecondary institution or on the
             314      grounds of any of those schools or institutions;
             315          (iii) in those portions of any building, park, stadium, or other structure or grounds
             316      which are, at the time of the act, being used for an activity sponsored by or through a school or
             317      institution under Subsections (1)(a)(i) and (ii);
             318          (iv) in or on the grounds of a preschool or child-care facility; and
             319          (v) within 1,000 feet of any structure, facility, or grounds included in Subsections
             320      (1)(a)(i), (ii), (iii), and (iv).
             321          (b) As used in this section:
             322          (i) "Dangerous weapon" has the same definition as in Section 76-1-601 .
             323          (ii) "Educator" means any person who is employed by a public school district and who
             324      is required to hold a certificate issued by the State Board of Education in order to perform
             325      duties of employment.
             326          (iii) "Within the course of employment" means that an educator is providing services or
             327      engaging in conduct required by the educator's employer to perform the duties of employment.
             328          (2) Any person who, on or about school premises, commits any offense and uses or
             329      threatens to use a dangerous weapon, as defined in Section 76-1-601 , in the commission of the
             330      offense is subject to an enhanced degree of offense as provided in Subsection (4).
             331          (3) (a) Any person who commits an offense against an educator when the educator is
             332      acting within the course of employment is subject to an enhanced degree of offense as provided
             333      in Subsection (4).
             334          (b) As used in Subsection (3)(a), "offense" means:
             335          (i) an offense under Title 76, Chapter 5, Offenses Against The Person; and


             336          (ii) an offense under Title 76, Chapter 6, Part 3, Robbery.
             337          (4) If the trier of fact finds beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant, while on or
             338      about school premises, commits any offense and in the commission of the offense uses or
             339      threatens to use a dangerous weapon, or that the defendant committed an offense against an
             340      educator when the educator was acting within the course of his employment, the enhanced
             341      penalty for a:
             342          (a) class B misdemeanor is a class A misdemeanor;
             343          (b) class A misdemeanor is a third degree felony;
             344          (c) third degree felony is a second degree felony; or
             345          (d) second degree felony is a first degree felony.
             346          (5) The enhanced penalty for a first degree felony offense of a convicted person:
             347          (a) is imprisonment for a term of not less than five years and which may be for life, and
             348      imposition or execution of the sentence may not be suspended unless the court finds that the
             349      interests of justice would be best served and states the specific circumstances justifying the
             350      disposition on the record; and
             351          (b) is subject also to the dangerous weapon enhancement provided in Section
             352      76-3-203.8 except for an offense committed under Subsection (3) that does not involve a
             353      firearm.
             354          (6) The prosecuting attorney, or grand jury if an indictment is returned, shall provide
             355      notice upon the information or indictment that the defendant is subject to the enhanced degree
             356      of offense or penalty under Subsection (4) or (5).
             357          (7) In cases where an offense is enhanced pursuant to Subsection (4)(a), (b), (c), or (d),
             358      or under Subsection (5)(a) for an offense committed under Subsection (2) that does not involve
             359      a firearm, the convicted person is not subject to the dangerous weapon enhancement in Section
             360      76-3-203.8 .
             361          (8) The sentencing enhancement described in this section does not apply if:
             362          (a) the offense for which the person is being sentenced is:
             363          (i) a grievous sexual offense; or
             364          (ii) child kidnapping, Section 76-5-301.1 ; and
             365          (b) applying the sentencing enhancement provided for in this section would result in a
             366      lower maximum penalty than the penalty provided for under the section that describes the


             367      offense for which the person is being sentenced.
             368          Section 5. Section 76-3-203.5 is amended to read:
             369           76-3-203.5. Habitual violent offender -- Definition -- Procedure -- Penalty.
             370          (1) As used in this section:
             371          (a) "Felony" means any violation of a criminal statute of the state, any other state, the
             372      United States, or any district, possession, or territory of the United States for which the
             373      maximum punishment the offender may be subjected to exceeds one year in prison.
             374          (b) "Habitual violent offender" means a person convicted within the state of any violent
             375      felony and who on at least two previous occasions has been convicted of a violent felony and
             376      committed to either prison in Utah or an equivalent correctional institution of another state or
             377      of the United States either at initial sentencing or after revocation of probation.
             378          (c) (i) "Violent felony" means any of the following offenses, or any attempt,
             379      solicitation, or conspiracy to commit any of these offenses punishable as a felony:
             380          (A) aggravated arson, arson, knowingly causing a catastrophe, and criminal mischief,
             381      Title 76, Chapter 6, Part 1, Property Destruction;
             382          (B) assault by prisoner, Section 76-5-102.5 ;
             383          (C) disarming a police officer, Section 76-5-102.8 ;
             384          (D) aggravated assault, Section 76-5-103 ;
             385          (E) aggravated assault by prisoner, Section 76-5-103.5 ;
             386          (F) mayhem, Section 76-5-105 ;
             387          (G) stalking, Subsection 76-5-106.5 (6);
             388          (H) terroristic threat, Section 76-5-107 ;
             389          (I) child abuse, Subsections 76-5-109 (2)(a) and (b);
             390          (J) commission of domestic violence in the presence of a child, Section 76-5-109.1 ;
             391          (K) abuse or neglect of disabled child, Section 76-5-110 ;
             392          (L) abuse, neglect, or exploitation of a vulnerable adult, Section 76-5-111 ;
             393          (M) endangerment of child or elder adult, Section 76-5-112.5 ;
             394          (N) criminal homicide offenses under Title 76, Chapter 5, Part 2, Criminal Homicide;
             395          (O) kidnapping, child kidnapping, and aggravated kidnapping under Title 76, Chapter
             396      5, Part 3, Kidnapping;
             397          (P) rape, Section 76-5-402 ;


             398          (Q) rape of a child, Section 76-5-402.1 ;
             399          (R) object rape, Section 76-5-402.2 ;
             400          (S) object rape of a child, Section 76-5-402.3 ;
             401          (T) forcible sodomy, Section 76-5-403 ;
             402          (U) sodomy on a child, Section 76-5-403.1 ;
             403          (V) forcible sexual abuse, Section 76-5-404 ;
             404          (W) aggravated sexual abuse of a child and sexual abuse of a child, Section
             405      76-5-404.1 ;
             406          (X) aggravated sexual assault, Section 76-5-405 ;
             407          (Y) sexual exploitation of a minor, Section 76-5a-3 ;
             408          (Z) aggravated burglary and burglary of a dwelling under Title 76, Chapter 6, Part 2,
             409      Burglary and Criminal Trespass;
             410          (AA) aggravated robbery and robbery under Title 76, Chapter 6, Part 3, Robbery;
             411          (BB) theft by extortion under Subsection 76-6-406 (2)(a) or (b);
             412          (CC) tampering with a witness under Subsection 76-8-508 (1);
             413          (DD) retaliation against a witness, victim, or informant under Section 76-8-508.3 ;
             414          (EE) tampering with a juror under Subsection 76-8-508.5 (2)(c);
             415          (FF) extortion to dismiss a criminal proceeding under Section 76-8-509 if by any threat
             416      or by use of force theft by extortion has been committed pursuant to Subsections
             417      76-6-406 (2)(a), (b), and (i);
             418          (GG) damage or destruction of school or institution of higher education property by
             419      explosives or flammable materials under Section 76-8-715 ;
             420          (HH) possession, use, or removal of explosive, chemical, or incendiary devices under
             421      Subsections 76-10-306 (3) through (6);
             422          (II) unlawful delivery of explosive, chemical, or incendiary devices under Section
             423      76-10-307 ;
             424          (JJ) purchase or possession of a dangerous weapon or handgun by a restricted person
             425      under Section 76-10-503 ;
             426          (KK) unlawful discharge of a firearm under Section 76-10-508 ;
             427          (LL) aggravated exploitation of prostitution under Subsection 76-10-1306 (1)(a);
             428          (MM) bus hijacking under Section 76-10-1504 ; and


             429          (NN) discharging firearms and hurling missiles under Section 76-10-1505 ; or
             430          (ii) any felony violation of a criminal statute of any other state, the United States, or
             431      any district, possession, or territory of the United States which would constitute a violent
             432      felony as defined in this Subsection (1) if committed in this state.
             433          (2) If a person is convicted in this state of a violent felony by plea or by verdict and the
             434      trier of fact determines beyond a reasonable doubt that the person is a habitual violent offender
             435      under this section, the penalty for a:
             436          (a) third degree felony is as if the conviction were for a first degree felony;
             437          (b) second degree felony is as if the conviction were for a first degree felony; or
             438          (c) first degree felony remains the penalty for a first degree penalty except:
             439          (i) the convicted person is not eligible for probation; and
             440          (ii) the Board of Pardons and Parole shall consider that the convicted person is a
             441      habitual violent offender as an aggravating factor in determining the length of incarceration.
             442          (3) (a) The prosecuting attorney, or grand jury if an indictment is returned, shall
             443      provide notice in the information or indictment that the defendant is subject to punishment as a
             444      habitual violent offender under this section. Notice shall include the case number, court, and
             445      date of conviction or commitment of any case relied upon by the prosecution.
             446          (b) (i) The defendant shall serve notice in writing upon the prosecutor if the defendant
             447      intends to deny that:
             448          (A) the defendant is the person who was convicted or committed;
             449          (B) the defendant was represented by counsel or had waived counsel; or
             450          (C) the defendant's plea was understandingly or voluntarily entered.
             451          (ii) The notice of denial shall be served not later than five days prior to trial and shall
             452      state in detail the defendant's contention regarding the previous conviction and commitment.
             453          (4) (a) If the defendant enters a denial under Subsection (3)(b) and if the case is tried to
             454      a jury, the jury may not be told until after it returns its verdict on the underlying felony charge,
             455      of the:
             456          (i) defendant's previous convictions for violent felonies, except as otherwise provided
             457      in the Utah Rules of Evidence; or
             458          (ii) allegation against the defendant of being a habitual violent offender.
             459          (b) If the jury's verdict is guilty, the defendant shall be tried regarding the allegation of


             460      being an habitual violent offender by the same jury, if practicable, unless the defendant waives
             461      the jury, in which case the allegation shall be tried immediately to the court.
             462          (c) (i) Prior to or at the time of sentencing the trier of fact shall determine if this section
             463      applies.
             464          (ii) The trier of fact shall consider any evidence presented at trial and the prosecution
             465      and the defendant shall be afforded an opportunity to present any necessary additional
             466      evidence.
             467          (iii) Prior to sentencing under this section, the trier of fact shall determine whether this
             468      section is applicable beyond a reasonable doubt.
             469          (d) If any previous conviction and commitment is based upon a plea of guilty or no
             470      contest, there is a rebuttable presumption that the conviction and commitment were regular and
             471      lawful in all respects if the conviction and commitment occurred after January 1, 1970. If the
             472      conviction and commitment occurred prior to January 1, 1970, the burden is on the prosecution
             473      to establish by a preponderance of the evidence that the defendant was then represented by
             474      counsel or had lawfully waived his right to have counsel present, and that his plea was
             475      understandingly and voluntarily entered.
             476          (e) If the trier of fact finds this section applicable, the court shall enter that specific
             477      finding on the record and shall indicate in the order of judgment and commitment that the
             478      defendant has been found by the trier of fact to be a habitual violent offender and is sentenced
             479      under this section.
             480          (5) (a) The sentencing enhancement provisions of [Sections] Section 76-3-407 [and
             481      76-3-408 apply to a felony conviction defined in Title 76, Chapter 5, Part 4, Sexual Offenses,
             482      and] supersede the provisions of this section.
             483          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (5)(a)[: (i) the convictions under Sections 76-5-404
             484      and 76-5a-3 are governed by the enhancement provisions of this section; and (ii)], the "violent
             485      felony" offense defined in Subsection (1)(c) shall include any felony sexual offense violation of
             486      Title 76, Chapter 5, Part 4, Sexual Offenses, to determine if the convicted person is a habitual
             487      violent offender.
             488          (6) The sentencing enhancement described in this section does not apply if:
             489          (a) the offense for which the person is being sentenced is:
             490          (i) a grievous sexual offense; or


             491          (ii) child kidnapping, Section 76-5-301.1 ; and
             492          (b) applying the sentencing enhancement provided for in this section would result in a
             493      lower maximum penalty than the penalty provided for under the section that describes the
             494      offense for which the person is being sentenced.
             495          Section 6. Section 76-3-203.6 is amended to read:
             496           76-3-203.6. Enhanced penalty for certain offenses committed by prisoner.
             497          (1) As used in this section, "serving a sentence" means a prisoner is sentenced and
             498      committed to the custody of the Department of Corrections, the sentence has not been
             499      terminated or voided, and the prisoner:
             500          (a) has not been paroled; or
             501          (b) is in custody after arrest for a parole violation.
             502          (2) If the trier of fact finds beyond a reasonable doubt that a prisoner serving a sentence
             503      for a capital felony or a first degree felony commits any offense listed in Subsection (3), the
             504      court shall sentence the defendant to life in prison without parole. However, the court may
             505      sentence the defendant to an indeterminate prison term of not less than 20 years and which may
             506      be for life if the court finds that the interests of justice would best be served and states the
             507      specific circumstances justifying the disposition on the record.
             508          (3) Offenses referred to in Subsection (2) are:
             509          (a) aggravated assault, Subsection 76-5-103 (2);
             510          (b) mayhem, Section 76-5-105 ;
             511          (c) attempted murder, Section 76-5-203 ;
             512          (d) kidnapping, Section 76-5-301 ;
             513          (e) child kidnapping, Section 76-5-301.1 ;
             514          (f) aggravated kidnapping, Section 76-5-302 ;
             515          (g) rape, Section 76-5-402 ;
             516          (h) rape of a child, Section 76-5-402.1 ;
             517          (i) object rape, Section 76-5-402.2 ;
             518          (j) object rape of a child, Section 76-5-402.3 ;
             519          (k) forcible sodomy, Section 76-5-403 ;
             520          (l) sodomy on a child, Section 76-5-403.1 ;
             521          (m) aggravated sexual abuse of a child, Section 76-5-404.1 ;


             522          (n) aggravated sexual assault, Section 76-5-405 ;
             523          (o) aggravated arson, Section 76-6-103 ;
             524          (p) aggravated burglary, Section 76-6-203 ; and
             525          (q) aggravated robbery, Section 76-6-302 .
             526          (4) The sentencing enhancement described in this section does not apply if:
             527          (a) the offense for which the person is being sentenced is:
             528          (i) a grievous sexual offense; or
             529          (ii) child kidnapping, Section 76-5-301.1 ; and
             530          (b) applying the sentencing enhancement provided for in this section would result in a
             531      lower maximum penalty than the penalty provided for under the section that describes the
             532      offense for which the person is being sentenced.
             533          Section 7. Section 76-3-203.7 is amended to read:
             534           76-3-203.7. Increase of sentence for violent felony if body armor used.
             535          (1) As used in this section:
             536          (a) "Body armor" means any material designed or intended to provide bullet
             537      penetration resistance or protection from bodily injury caused by a dangerous weapon.
             538          (b) "Dangerous weapon" has the same definition as in Section 76-1-601 .
             539          (c) "Violent felony" has the same definition as in Section 76-3-203.5 .
             540          (2) A person convicted of a violent felony may be sentenced to imprisonment for an
             541      indeterminate term, as provided in Section 76-3-203 , but if the trier of fact finds beyond a
             542      reasonable doubt that the defendant used, carried, or possessed a dangerous weapon and also
             543      used or wore body armor, with the intent to facilitate the commission of the violent felony, and
             544      the violent felony is:
             545          (a) a first degree felony, the court shall sentence the person convicted for a term of not
             546      less than six years, and which may be for life;
             547          (b) a second degree felony, the court shall sentence the person convicted for a term of
             548      not less than two years nor more than 15 years, and the court may sentence the person
             549      convicted for a term of not less than two years nor more than 20 years; and
             550          (c) a third degree felony, the court shall sentence the person convicted for a term of not
             551      less than one year nor more than five years, and the court may sentence the person convicted
             552      for a term of not less than one year nor more than ten years.


             553          (3) The sentencing enhancement described in this section does not apply if:
             554          (a) the offense for which the person is being sentenced is:
             555          (i) a grievous sexual offense; or
             556          (ii) child kidnapping, Section 76-5-301.1 ; and
             557          (b) applying the sentencing enhancement provided for in this section would result in a
             558      lower maximum penalty than the penalty provided for under the section that describes the
             559      offense for which the person is being sentenced.
             560          Section 8. Section 76-3-406 is amended to read:
             561           76-3-406. Crimes for which probation, suspension of sentence, lower category of
             562      offense, or hospitalization may not be granted.
             563          Notwithstanding Sections 76-3-201 and 77-18-1 and Title 77, Chapter 16a, except as
             564      provided in Section 76-5-406.5 , probation shall not be granted, the execution or imposition of
             565      sentence shall not be suspended, the court shall not enter a judgment for a lower category of
             566      offense, and hospitalization shall not be ordered, the effect of which would in any way shorten
             567      the prison sentence for any person who commits a capital felony or a first degree felony
             568      involving:
             569          (1) Section 76-5-202 , aggravated murder;
             570          (2) Section 76-5-203 , murder;
             571          (3) Section 76-5-301.1 , child kidnaping;
             572          (4) Section 76-5-302 , aggravated kidnaping;
             573          (5) Section 76-5-402 , rape, if the person is sentenced under Subsection 76-5-402
             574      (3)(b), (3)(c), or (4);
             575          [(5)] (6) Section 76-5-402.1 , rape of a child;
             576          (7) Section 76-5-402.2 , object rape, if the person is sentenced under Subsection 76-
             577      5-402.2 (1)(b), (1)(c), or (2);
             578          [(6)] (8) Section 76-5-402.3 , object rape of a child;
             579          (9) Section 76-5-403 , forcible sodomy, if the person is sentenced under Subsection
             580      76-5-403 (4)(b), (4)(c), or (5);
             581          [(7)] (10) Section 76-5-403.1 , sodomy on a child;
             582          (11) Section 76-5-404 , forcible sexual abuse, if the person is sentenced under
             583      Subsection 76-5-404 (2)(b) or (3);


             584          [(8)] (12) Subsections 76-5-404.1 (4) and (5), aggravated sexual abuse of a child;
             585          [(9)] (13) Section 76-5-405 , aggravated sexual assault; or
             586          [(10)] (14) any attempt to commit a felony listed in Subsections [(5), (6), and (7)] (6),
             587      (8), or (10).
             588          Section 9. Section 76-3-407 is repealed and reenacted to read:
             589          76-3-407. Repeat and habitual sex offenders -- Additional prison term for prior
             590      felony convictions.
             591          (1) As used in this section:
             592          (a) "Type one sexual offense" means:
             593          (i) a felony offense described in Title 76, Chapter 5, Part 4, Sexual Offenses;
             594          (ii) sexual exploitation of a minor, Section 76-5a-3 ;
             595          (iii) a felony offense of enticing a minor over the Internet, Section 76-4-401 ;
             596          (iv) a felony attempt to commit an offense described in Subsections (1)(a)(i) through
             597      (iii); or
             598          (v) an offense in another state, territory, or district of the United States that, if
             599      committed in Utah, would constitute an offense described in Subsections (1)(a)(i) through (iv).
             600          (b) "Type two sexual offense" means:
             601          (i) an offense that is a felony of the second or third degree, or an attempted offense,
             602      which attempt is a felony of the second or third degree, described in Title 76, Chapter 5, Part 4,
             603      Sexual Offenses;
             604          (ii) sexual exploitation of a minor, Section 76-5a-3 ;
             605          (iii) a felony offense of enticing a minor over the Internet, Section 76-4-401 ;
             606          (iv) a felony attempt to commit an offense described in Subsection (1)(b)(ii) or (iii); or
             607          (v) an offense in another state, territory, or district of the United States that, if
             608      committed in Utah, would constitute an offense described in Subsections (1)(b)(i) through (iv).
             609          (2) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the maximum penalty for a type two
             610      sexual offense is increased by five years for each prior conviction of the defendant for a type
             611      one sexual offense that arose from a separate criminal episode, if the trier of fact finds that:
             612          (a) the defendant was convicted of the type one sexual offense; and
             613          (b) the defendant was convicted of the type one sexual offense described in Subsection
             614      (2)(a) before the defendant was convicted of the type two sexual offense for which the


             615      defendant is being sentenced.
             616          (3) The increased maximum term described in Subsection (2) shall be in addition to,
             617      and consecutive to, any other prison term served by the person.
             618          Section 10. Section 76-5-301.1 is amended to read:
             619           76-5-301.1. Child kidnapping.
             620          (1) An actor commits child kidnapping if the actor intentionally or knowingly, without
             621      authority of law, and by any means and in any manner, seizes, confines, detains, or transports a
             622      child under the age of 14 without the consent of the victim's parent or guardian, or the consent
             623      of a person acting in loco parentis.
             624          (2) Violation of Section 76-5-303 is not a violation of this section.
             625          (3) Child kidnapping is a first degree felony punishable by [imprisonment for an
             626      indeterminate term of not less than 6, 10, or 15 years and which may be for life. ] a term of
             627      imprisonment of:
             628          (a) except as provided in Subsection (3)(b), (3)(c), or (4), not less than 15 years and
             629      which may be for life;
             630          (b) except as provided in Subsection (3)(c) or (4), life without parole, if the trier of fact
             631      finds that during the course of the commission of the child kidnapping the defendant caused
             632      serious bodily injury to another; or
             633          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             634      child kidnapping the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             635          (4) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (3)(a) or (b), a court finds that a
             636      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (3)(a) or (b) is in the interests of justice and
             637      states the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment
             638      of not less than:
             639          (a) for purposes of Subsection (3)(b), 15 years and which may be for life; or
             640          (b) for purposes of Subsection (3)(a) or (b):
             641          (i) ten years and which may be for life; or
             642          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             643          (5) The provisions of Subsection (4) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             644      Subsection (3)(c).
             645          (6) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section 76-3-406 .


             646          Section 11. Section 76-5-402 is amended to read:
             647           76-5-402. Rape.
             648          (1) A person commits rape when the actor has sexual intercourse with another person
             649      without the victim's consent.
             650          (2) This section applies whether or not the actor is married to the victim.
             651          (3) Rape is a felony of the first degree[.], punishable by a term of imprisonment of:
             652          (a) except as provided in Subsection (3)(b) or (c), not less than five years and which
             653      may be for life;
             654          (b) except as provided in Subsection (3)(c) or (4), 15 years and which may be for life,
             655      if the trier of fact finds that during the course of the commission of the rape the defendant
             656      caused serious bodily injury to another; or
             657          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             658      rape the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             659          (4) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (3)(b), a court finds that a lesser
             660      term than the term described in Subsection (3)(b) is in the interests of justice and states the
             661      reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment of not less
             662      than:
             663          (a) ten years and which may be for life; or
             664          (b) six years and which may be for life.
             665          (5) The provisions of Subsection (4) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             666      Subsection (3)(a) or (c).
             667          (6) Imprisonment under Subsection (3)(b), (3)(c), or (4) is mandatory in accordance
             668      with Section 76-3-406 .
             669          Section 12. Section 76-5-402.1 is amended to read:
             670           76-5-402.1. Rape of a child.
             671          (1) A person commits rape of a child when the person has sexual intercourse with a
             672      child who is under the age of 14.
             673          (2) Rape of a child is a first degree felony punishable by [imprisonment for an
             674      indeterminate term of not less than 6, 10, or 15 years and which may be for life.] a term of
             675      imprisonment of:
             676          (a) except as provided in Subsection (2)(b), (2)(c), or (3), not less than 15 years and


             677      which may be for life;
             678          (b) except as provided in Subsection (2)(c) or (3), life without parole, if the trier of fact
             679      finds that during the course of the commission of the rape of a child, the defendant caused
             680      serious bodily injury to another; or
             681          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             682      rape of a child the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             683          (3) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (2)(a) or (b) a court finds that a
             684      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (2)(a) or (b) is in the interests of justice and
             685      states the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment
             686      of not less than:
             687          (a) for purposes of Subsection (2)(b), 15 years and which may be for life; or
             688          (b) for purposes of Subsection (2)(a) or (b):
             689          (i) ten years and which may be for life; or
             690          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             691          (4) The provisions of Subsection (3) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             692      Subsection (2)(c).
             693          (5) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section 76-3-406 .
             694          Section 13. Section 76-5-402.2 is amended to read:
             695           76-5-402.2. Object rape.
             696          (1) A person who, without the victim's consent, causes the penetration, however slight,
             697      of the genital or anal opening of another person who is 14 years of age or older, by any foreign
             698      object, substance, instrument, or device, not including a part of the human body, with intent to
             699      cause substantial emotional or bodily pain to the victim or with the intent to arouse or gratify
             700      the sexual desire of any person, commits an offense which is [punishable as] a felony of the
             701      first degree[.], punishable by a term of imprisonment of:
             702          (a) except as provided in Subsection (1)(b) or (c), not less than five years and which
             703      may be for life;
             704          (b) except as provided in Subsection (1)(c) or (2), 15 years and which may be for life,
             705      if the trier of fact finds that during the course of the commission of the object rape the
             706      defendant causes serious bodily injury to another; or
             707          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the


             708      object rape, the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             709          (2) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (1)(b), a court finds that a lesser
             710      term than the term described in Subsection (1)(b) is in the interests of justice and states the
             711      reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment of not less
             712      than:
             713          (i) ten years and which may be for life; or
             714          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             715          (3) The provisions of Subsection (2) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             716      Subsection (1)(a) or (c).
             717          (4) Imprisonment under Subsection (1)(b), (1)(c), or (2) is mandatory in accordance
             718      with Section 76-3-406 .
             719          Section 14. Section 76-5-402.3 is amended to read:
             720           76-5-402.3. Object rape of a child -- Penalty.
             721          (1) A person commits object rape of a child when the person causes the penetration or
             722      touching, however slight, of the genital or anal opening of a child who is under the age of 14 by
             723      any foreign object, substance, instrument, or device, not including a part of the human body,
             724      with intent to cause substantial emotional or bodily pain to the child or with the intent to arouse
             725      or gratify the sexual desire of any person.
             726          (2) [(a)] Object rape of a child is a first degree felony punishable by [imprisonment for
             727      an indeterminate term of not less than 6, 10, or 15 years and which may be for life.] a term of
             728      imprisonment of:
             729          (a) except as provided in Subsection (2)(b), (2)(c), or (3), not less than 15 years and
             730      which may be for life;
             731          (b) except as provided in Subsection (2)(c) or (3), life without parole, if the trier of fact
             732      finds that during the course of the commission of the object rape of a child the defendant
             733      caused serious bodily injury to another; or
             734          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             735      object rape of a child the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             736          (3) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (2)(a) or (b), a court finds that a
             737      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (2)(a) or (b) is in the interests of justice and
             738      states the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment


             739      of not less than:
             740          (a) for purposes of Subsection (2)(b), 15 years and which may be for life; or
             741          (b) for purposes of Subsection (2)(a) or (b):
             742          (i) ten years and which may be for life; or
             743          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             744          (4) The provisions of Subsection (3) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             745      Subsection (2)(c).
             746          [(b)] (5) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section
             747      76-3-406 .
             748          Section 15. Section 76-5-403 is amended to read:
             749           76-5-403. Sodomy -- Forcible sodomy.
             750          (1) A person commits sodomy when the actor engages in any sexual act with a person
             751      who is 14 years of age or older involving the genitals of one person and mouth or anus of
             752      another person, regardless of the sex of either participant.
             753          (2) A person commits forcible sodomy when the actor commits sodomy upon another
             754      without the other's consent.
             755          (3) Sodomy is a class B misdemeanor.
             756          (4) Forcible sodomy is a felony of the first degree[.], punishable by a term of
             757      imprisonment of:
             758          (a) except as provided in Subsection (4)(b) or (c), not less than five years and which
             759      may be for life;
             760          (b) except as provided in Subsection (4)(c) or (5), 15 years and which may be for life,
             761      if the trier of fact finds that during the course of the commission of the forcible sodomy the
             762      defendant caused serious bodily injury to another; or
             763          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             764      forcible sodomy the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             765          (5) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (4)(b), a court finds that a lesser
             766      term than the term described in Subsection (4)(b) is in the interests of justice and states the
             767      reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment of not less
             768      than:
             769          (a) ten years and which may be for life; or


             770          (b) six years and which may be for life.
             771          (6) The provisions of Subsection (5) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             772      Subsection (4)(a) or (c).
             773          (7) Imprisonment under Subsection (4)(b), (4)(c), or (5) is mandatory in accordance
             774      with Section 76-3-406 .
             775          Section 16. Section 76-5-403.1 is amended to read:
             776           76-5-403.1. Sodomy on a child.
             777          (1) A person commits sodomy upon a child if the actor engages in any sexual act upon
             778      or with a child who is under the age of 14, involving the genitals or anus of the actor or the
             779      child and the mouth or anus of either person, regardless of the sex of either participant.
             780          (2) Sodomy upon a child is a first degree felony punishable by [imprisonment for an
             781      indeterminate term of not less than 6, 10, or 15 years and which may be for life. Imprisonment
             782      is mandatory in accordance with Section 76-3-406 .] a term of imprisonment of:
             783          (a) except as provided in Subsection (2)(b), (2)(c), or (3), not less than 15 years and
             784      which may be for life;
             785          (b) except as provided in Subsection (2)(c) or (3), life without parole, if the trier of fact
             786      finds that during the course of the commission of the sodomy upon of a child the defendant
             787      caused serious bodily injury to another; or
             788          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             789      sodomy upon a child, the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             790          (3) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (2)(a) or (b), a court finds that a
             791      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (2)(a) or (b) is in the interests of justice and
             792      states the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment
             793      of not less than:
             794          (a) for purposes of Subsection (2)(b), 15 years and which may be for life; or
             795          (b) for purposes of Subsection (2)(a) or (b):
             796          (i) ten years and which may be for life; or
             797          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             798          (4) The provisions of Subsection (3) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             799      Subsection (2)(c).
             800          (5) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section 76-3-406 .


             801          Section 17. Section 76-5-404 is amended to read:
             802           76-5-404. Forcible sexual abuse.
             803          (1) A person commits forcible sexual abuse if the victim is 14 years of age or older and,
             804      under circumstances not amounting to rape, object rape, sodomy, or attempted rape or sodomy,
             805      the actor touches the anus, buttocks, or any part of the genitals of another, or touches the breast
             806      of a female, or otherwise takes indecent liberties with another, or causes another to take
             807      indecent liberties with the actor or another, with intent to cause substantial emotional or bodily
             808      pain to any person or with the intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person,
             809      without the consent of the other, regardless of the sex of any participant.
             810          (2) Forcible sexual abuse is:
             811          (a) except as provided in Subsection (2)(b), a felony of the second degree[.],
             812      punishable by a term of imprisonment of not less than 1 year nor more than 15 years; or
             813          (b) except as provided in Subsection (3), a felony of the first degree, punishable by
             814      imprisonment for 15 years and which may be for life, if the trier of fact finds that during the
             815      course of the commission of the forcible sexual abuse the defendant caused serious bodily
             816      injury to another.
             817          (3) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (2)(b), a court finds that a lesser
             818      term than the term described in Subsection (2)(b) is in the interests of justice and states the
             819      reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment of not less
             820      than:
             821          (a) ten years and which may be for life; or
             822          (b) six years and which may be for life.
             823          (4) Imprisonment under Subsection (2)(b) or (3) is mandatory in accordance with
             824      Section 76-3-406 .
             825          Section 18. Section 76-5-404.1 is amended to read:
             826           76-5-404.1. Sexual abuse of a child -- Aggravated sexual abuse of a child.
             827          (1) As used in this section, "child" means a person under the age of 14.
             828          (2) A person commits sexual abuse of a child if, under circumstances not amounting to
             829      rape of a child, object rape of a child, sodomy upon a child, or an attempt to commit any of
             830      these offenses, the actor touches the anus, buttocks, or genitalia of any child, the breast of a
             831      female child, or otherwise takes indecent liberties with a child, or causes a child to take


             832      indecent liberties with the actor or another with intent to cause substantial emotional or bodily
             833      pain to any person or with the intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person
             834      regardless of the sex of any participant.
             835          (3) Sexual abuse of a child is punishable as a second degree felony.
             836          (4) A person commits aggravated sexual abuse of a child when in conjunction with the
             837      offense described in Subsection (2) any of the following circumstances have been charged and
             838      admitted or found true in the action for the offense:
             839          (a) the offense was committed by the use of a dangerous weapon as defined in Section
             840      76-1-601 , or by force, duress, violence, intimidation, coercion, menace, or threat of harm, or
             841      was committed during the course of a kidnaping;
             842          (b) the accused caused bodily injury or severe psychological injury to the victim during
             843      or as a result of the offense;
             844          (c) the accused was a stranger to the victim or made friends with the victim for the
             845      purpose of committing the offense;
             846          (d) the accused used, showed, or displayed pornography or caused the victim to be
             847      photographed in a lewd condition during the course of the offense;
             848          (e) the accused, prior to sentencing for this offense, was previously convicted of any
             849      felony, or of a misdemeanor involving a sexual offense;
             850          (f) the accused committed the same or similar sexual act upon two or more victims at
             851      the same time or during the same course of conduct;
             852          (g) the accused committed, in Utah or elsewhere, more than five separate acts, which if
             853      committed in Utah would constitute an offense described in this chapter, and were committed
             854      at the same time, or during the same course of conduct, or before or after the instant offense;
             855          (h) the offense was committed by a person who occupied a position of special trust in
             856      relation to the victim; "position of special trust" means that position occupied by a person in a
             857      position of authority, who, by reason of that position is able to exercise undue influence over
             858      the victim, and includes, but is not limited to, a youth leader or recreational leader who is an
             859      adult, adult athletic manager, adult coach, teacher, counselor, religious leader, doctor,
             860      employer, foster parent, baby-sitter, adult scout leader, natural parent, stepparent, adoptive
             861      parent, legal guardian, grandparent, aunt, uncle, or adult cohabitant of a parent;
             862          (i) the accused encouraged, aided, allowed, or benefited from acts of prostitution or


             863      sexual acts by the victim with any other person, or sexual performance by the victim before any
             864      other person; or
             865          (j) the accused caused the penetration, however slight, of the genital or anal opening of
             866      the child by any part or parts of the human body other than the genitals or mouth.
             867          (5) Aggravated sexual abuse of a child is a first degree felony punishable by
             868      [imprisonment for an indeterminate term of not less than five years and which may be for life.]
             869      a term of imprisonment of:
             870          (a) except as provided in Subsection (5)(b), (5)(c), or (6), not less than 15 years and
             871      which may be for life;
             872          (b) except as provided in Subsection (5)(c) or (6), life without parole, if the trier of fact
             873      finds that during the course of the commission of the aggravated sexual abuse of a child the
             874      defendant caused serious bodily injury to another; or
             875          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             876      aggravated sexual abuse of a child, the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous
             877      sexual offense.
             878          (6) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (5)(a) or (b), a court finds that a
             879      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (5)(a) or (b) is in the interests of justice and
             880      states the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment
             881      of not less than:
             882          (a) for purposes of Subsection (5)(b), 15 years and which may be for life; or
             883          (b) for purposes of Subsection (5)(a) or (b):
             884          (i) ten years and which may be for life; or
             885          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             886          (7) The provisions of Subsection (6) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             887      Subsection (5)(c).
             888          (8) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section 76-3-406 .
             889          Section 19. Section 76-5-405 is amended to read:
             890           76-5-405. Aggravated sexual assault -- Penalty.
             891          (1) A person commits aggravated sexual assault if in the course of a rape or attempted
             892      rape, object rape or attempted object rape, forcible sodomy or attempted forcible sodomy, or
             893      forcible sexual abuse or attempted forcible sexual abuse the actor:


             894          (a) causes bodily injury to the victim that does not amount to serious bodily injury;
             895          (b) uses or threatens the victim with use of a dangerous weapon as defined in Section
             896      76-1-601 ;
             897          (c) compels, or attempts to compel, the victim to submit to rape, object rape, forcible
             898      sodomy, or forcible sexual abuse, by threat of kidnaping, death, or serious bodily injury to be
             899      inflicted imminently on any person; or
             900          (d) is aided or abetted by one or more persons.
             901          (2) Aggravated sexual assault is a first degree felony, punishable by [imprisonment for
             902      an indeterminate term of not less than 6, 10, or 15 years and which may be for life.] a term of
             903      imprisonment of:
             904          (a) except as provided in Subsection (2)(b), (2)(c), or (3), not less than 15 years and
             905      which may be for life;
             906          (b) except as provided in Subsection (2)(c) or (3), life without parole, if the trier of fact
             907      finds that during the course of the commission of the aggravated sexual assault, the defendant
             908      caused serious bodily injury to another; or
             909          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             910      aggravated sexual assault, the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             911          (3) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (2)(a) or (b), a court finds that a
             912      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (2)(a) or (b) is in the interests of justice and
             913      states the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment
             914      of not less than:
             915          (a) for purposes of Subsection (2)(b), 15 years and which may be for life;
             916          (b) for purposes of (2)(a) or (2)(b):
             917          (i) ten years and which may be for life; or
             918          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             919          (4) The provisions of Subsection (3) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             920      Subsection (2)(c).
             921          (5) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section 76-3-406 .
             922          Section 20. Repealer.
             923          This bill repeals:
             924          Section 76-3-408, Repeat and habitual sex offenders -- Life imprisonment without


             925      parole on third conviction.


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