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S.B. 228 Enrolled

             1     

PENALTIES FOR SPECIFIED JUVENILE OFFENSES

             2     
2013 GENERAL SESSION

             3     
STATE OF UTAH

             4     
Chief Sponsor: Brian E. Shiozawa

             5     
House Sponsor: V. Lowry Snow

             6     
             7      LONG TITLE
             8      General Description:
             9          This bill amends the Utah Criminal Code relating to the punishable term of
             10      imprisonment for certain first degree felonies if the defendant was younger than 18
             11      years of age at the time of the offense.
             12      Highlighted Provisions:
             13          This bill:
             14          .    provides that if a defendant was younger than 18 years of age at the time the offense
             15      of aggravated murder was committed, the offense is not a capital felony; and
             16          .    provides that when a person commits a felony subject to a penalty of life without
             17      parole, the person may not be sentenced to life without parole if the person is
             18      younger than 18 years of age at the time of the offense.
             19      Money Appropriated in this Bill:
             20          None
             21      Other Special Clauses:
             22          None
             23      Utah Code Sections Affected:
             24      AMENDS:
             25          76-5-202, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2010, Chapters 13 and 373
             26          76-5-301.1, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2007, Chapter 339
             27          76-5-302, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2007, Chapter 339
             28          76-5-402, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2007, Chapter 339
             29          76-5-402.1, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 179


             30          76-5-402.2, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 340
             31          76-5-402.3, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 179
             32          76-5-403, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2007, Chapter 339
             33          76-5-403.1, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 179
             34          76-5-404.1, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2007, Chapter 339
             35          76-5-405, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2009, Chapter 176
             36     
             37      Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
             38          Section 1. Section 76-5-202 is amended to read:
             39           76-5-202. Aggravated murder.
             40          (1) Criminal homicide constitutes aggravated murder if the actor intentionally or
             41      knowingly causes the death of another under any of the following circumstances:
             42          (a) the homicide was committed by a person who is confined in a jail or other
             43      correctional institution;
             44          (b) the homicide was committed incident to one act, scheme, course of conduct, or
             45      criminal episode during which two or more persons were killed, or during which the actor
             46      attempted to kill one or more persons in addition to the victim who was killed;
             47          (c) the actor knowingly created a great risk of death to a person other than the victim
             48      and the actor;
             49          (d) the homicide was committed incident to an act, scheme, course of conduct, or
             50      criminal episode during which the actor committed or attempted to commit aggravated robbery,
             51      robbery, rape, rape of a child, object rape, object rape of a child, forcible sodomy, sodomy upon
             52      a child, forcible sexual abuse, sexual abuse of a child, aggravated sexual abuse of a child, child
             53      abuse as defined in Subsection 76-5-109 (2)(a), or aggravated sexual assault, aggravated arson,
             54      arson, aggravated burglary, burglary, aggravated kidnapping, or kidnapping, or child
             55      kidnapping;
             56          (e) the homicide was committed incident to one act, scheme, course of conduct, or
             57      criminal episode during which the actor committed the crime of abuse or desecration of a dead


             58      human body as defined in Subsection 76-9-704 (2)(e);
             59          (f) the homicide was committed for the purpose of avoiding or preventing an arrest of
             60      the defendant or another by a peace officer acting under color of legal authority or for the
             61      purpose of effecting the defendant's or another's escape from lawful custody;
             62          (g) the homicide was committed for pecuniary gain;
             63          (h) the defendant committed, or engaged or employed another person to commit the
             64      homicide pursuant to an agreement or contract for remuneration or the promise of remuneration
             65      for commission of the homicide;
             66          (i) the actor previously committed or was convicted of:
             67          (i) aggravated murder under this section;
             68          (ii) attempted aggravated murder under this section;
             69          (iii) murder, Section 76-5-203 ;
             70          (iv) attempted murder, Section 76-5-203 ; or
             71          (v) an offense committed in another jurisdiction which if committed in this state would
             72      be a violation of a crime listed in this Subsection (1)(i);
             73          (j) the actor was previously convicted of:
             74          (i) aggravated assault, Subsection 76-5-103 (2);
             75          (ii) mayhem, Section 76-5-105 ;
             76          (iii) kidnapping, Section 76-5-301 ;
             77          (iv) child kidnapping, Section 76-5-301.1 ;
             78          (v) aggravated kidnapping, Section 76-5-302 ;
             79          (vi) rape, Section 76-5-402 ;
             80          (vii) rape of a child, Section 76-5-402.1 ;
             81          (viii) object rape, Section 76-5-402.2 ;
             82          (ix) object rape of a child, Section 76-5-402.3 ;
             83          (x) forcible sodomy, Section 76-5-403 ;
             84          (xi) sodomy on a child, Section 76-5-403.1 ;
             85          (xii) aggravated sexual abuse of a child, Section 76-5-404.1 ;


             86          (xiii) aggravated sexual assault, Section 76-5-405 ;
             87          (xiv) aggravated arson, Section 76-6-103 ;
             88          (xv) aggravated burglary, Section 76-6-203 ;
             89          (xvi) aggravated robbery, Section 76-6-302 ;
             90          (xvii) felony discharge of a firearm, Section 76-10-508.1 ; or
             91          (xviii) an offense committed in another jurisdiction which if committed in this state
             92      would be a violation of a crime listed in this Subsection (1)(j);
             93          (k) the homicide was committed for the purpose of:
             94          (i) preventing a witness from testifying;
             95          (ii) preventing a person from providing evidence or participating in any legal
             96      proceedings or official investigation;
             97          (iii) retaliating against a person for testifying, providing evidence, or participating in
             98      any legal proceedings or official investigation; or
             99          (iv) disrupting or hindering any lawful governmental function or enforcement of laws;
             100          (l) the victim is or has been a local, state, or federal public official, or a candidate for
             101      public office, and the homicide is based on, is caused by, or is related to that official position,
             102      act, capacity, or candidacy;
             103          (m) the victim is or has been a peace officer, law enforcement officer, executive
             104      officer, prosecuting officer, jailer, prison official, firefighter, judge or other court official, juror,
             105      probation officer, or parole officer, and the victim is either on duty or the homicide is based on,
             106      is caused by, or is related to that official position, and the actor knew, or reasonably should
             107      have known, that the victim holds or has held that official position;
             108          (n) the homicide was committed:
             109          (i) by means of a destructive device, bomb, explosive, incendiary device, or similar
             110      device which was planted, hidden, or concealed in any place, area, dwelling, building, or
             111      structure, or was mailed or delivered; or
             112          (ii) by means of any weapon of mass destruction as defined in Section 76-10-401 ;
             113          (o) the homicide was committed during the act of unlawfully assuming control of any


             114      aircraft, train, or other public conveyance by use of threats or force with intent to obtain any
             115      valuable consideration for the release of the public conveyance or any passenger, crew
             116      member, or any other person aboard, or to direct the route or movement of the public
             117      conveyance or otherwise exert control over the public conveyance;
             118          (p) the homicide was committed by means of the administration of a poison or of any
             119      lethal substance or of any substance administered in a lethal amount, dosage, or quantity;
             120          (q) the victim was a person held or otherwise detained as a shield, hostage, or for
             121      ransom;
             122          (r) the homicide was committed in an especially heinous, atrocious, cruel, or
             123      exceptionally depraved manner, any of which must be demonstrated by physical torture, serious
             124      physical abuse, or serious bodily injury of the victim before death;
             125          (s) the actor dismembers, mutilates, or disfigures the victim's body, whether before or
             126      after death, in a manner demonstrating the actor's depravity of mind; or
             127          (t) the victim, at the time of the death of the victim:
             128          (i) was younger than 14 years of age; and
             129          (ii) was not an unborn child.
             130          (2) Criminal homicide constitutes aggravated murder if the actor, with reckless
             131      indifference to human life, causes the death of another incident to an act, scheme, course of
             132      conduct, or criminal episode during which the actor is a major participant in the commission or
             133      attempted commission of:
             134          (a) child abuse, Subsection 76-5-109 (2)(a);
             135          (b) child kidnapping, Section 76-5-301.1 ;
             136          (c) rape of a child, Section 76-5-402.1 ;
             137          (d) object rape of a child, Section 76-5-402.3 ;
             138          (e) sodomy on a child, Section 76-5-403.1 ; or
             139          (f) sexual abuse or aggravated sexual abuse of a child, Section 76-5-404.1 .
             140          (3) (a) If a notice of intent to seek the death penalty has been filed, aggravated murder
             141      is a capital felony.


             142          (b) If a notice of intent to seek the death penalty has not been filed, aggravated murder
             143      is a noncapital first degree felony punishable as provided in Section 76-3-207.7 .
             144          (c) (i) Within 60 days after arraignment of the defendant, the prosecutor may file notice
             145      of intent to seek the death penalty. The notice shall be served on the defendant or defense
             146      counsel and filed with the court.
             147          (ii) Notice of intent to seek the death penalty may be served and filed more than 60
             148      days after the arraignment upon written stipulation of the parties or upon a finding by the court
             149      of good cause.
             150          (d) Without the consent of the prosecutor, the court may not accept a plea of guilty to
             151      noncapital first degree felony aggravated murder during the period in which the prosecutor may
             152      file a notice of intent to seek the death penalty under Subsection (3)(c)(i).
             153          (e) If the defendant was younger than 18 years of age at the time the offense was
             154      committed, aggravated murder is a noncapital first degree felony punishable as provided in
             155      Section 76-3-207.7 .
             156          (4) (a) It is an affirmative defense to a charge of aggravated murder or attempted
             157      aggravated murder that the defendant caused the death of another or attempted to cause the
             158      death of another under a reasonable belief that the circumstances provided a legal justification
             159      or excuse for the conduct although the conduct was not legally justifiable or excusable under
             160      the existing circumstances.
             161          (b) The reasonable belief of the actor under Subsection (4)(a) shall be determined from
             162      the viewpoint of a reasonable person under the then existing circumstances.
             163          (c) This affirmative defense reduces charges only as follows:
             164          (i) aggravated murder to murder; and
             165          (ii) attempted aggravated murder to attempted murder.
             166          (5) (a) Any aggravating circumstance described in Subsection (1) or (2) that constitutes
             167      a separate offense does not merge with the crime of aggravated murder.
             168          (b) A person who is convicted of aggravated murder, based on an aggravating
             169      circumstance described in Subsection (1) or (2) that constitutes a separate offense, may also be


             170      convicted of, and punished for, the separate offense.
             171          Section 2. Section 76-5-301.1 is amended to read:
             172           76-5-301.1. Child kidnapping.
             173          (1) An actor commits child kidnapping if the actor intentionally or knowingly, without
             174      authority of law, and by any means and in any manner, seizes, confines, detains, or transports a
             175      child under the age of 14 without the consent of the victim's parent or guardian, or the consent
             176      of a person acting in loco parentis.
             177          (2) Violation of Section 76-5-303 is not a violation of this section.
             178          (3) Child kidnapping is a first degree felony punishable by a term of imprisonment of:
             179          (a) except as provided in Subsection (3)(b), (3)(c), or (4), not less than 15 years and
             180      which may be for life;
             181          (b) except as provided in Subsection (3)(c) or (4), life without parole, if the trier of fact
             182      finds that during the course of the commission of the child kidnapping the defendant caused
             183      serious bodily injury to another; or
             184          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             185      child kidnapping the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             186          (4) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (3)(a) or (b), a court finds that a
             187      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (3)(a) or (b) is in the interests of justice and
             188      states the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment
             189      of not less than:
             190          (a) for purposes of Subsection (3)(b), 15 years and which may be for life; or
             191          (b) for purposes of Subsection (3)(a) or (b):
             192          (i) 10 years and which may be for life; or
             193          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             194          (5) The provisions of Subsection (4) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             195      Subsection (3)(c).
             196          (6) Subsections (3)(b) and (3)(c) do not apply if the defendant was younger than 18
             197      years of age at the time of the offense.


             198          [(6)] (7) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section
             199      76-3-406 .
             200          Section 3. Section 76-5-302 is amended to read:
             201           76-5-302. Aggravated kidnapping.
             202          (1) An actor commits aggravated kidnapping if the actor, in the course of committing
             203      unlawful detention or kidnapping:
             204          (a) possesses, uses, or threatens to use a dangerous weapon as defined in Section
             205      76-1-601 ; or
             206          (b) acts with intent:
             207          (i) to hold the victim for ransom or reward, or as a shield or hostage, or to compel a
             208      third person to engage in particular conduct or to forbear from engaging in particular conduct;
             209          (ii) to facilitate the commission, attempted commission, or flight after commission or
             210      attempted commission of a felony;
             211          (iii) to hinder or delay the discovery of or reporting of a felony;
             212          (iv) to inflict bodily injury on or to terrorize the victim or another;
             213          (v) to interfere with the performance of any governmental or political function; or
             214          (vi) to commit a sexual offense as described in Title 76, Chapter 5, Part 4, Sexual
             215      Offenses.
             216          (2) As used in this section, "in the course of committing unlawful detention or
             217      kidnapping" means in the course of committing, attempting to commit, or in the immediate
             218      flight after the attempt or commission of a violation of:
             219          (a) Section 76-5-301 , kidnapping; or
             220          (b) Section 76-5-304 , unlawful detention.
             221          (3) Aggravated kidnapping is a first degree felony punishable by a term of
             222      imprisonment of:
             223          (a) except as provided in Subsection (3)(b), (3)(c), or (4), not less than 15 years and
             224      which may be for life;
             225          (b) except as provided in Subsection (3)(c) or (4), life without parole, if the trier of fact


             226      finds that during the course of the commission of the aggravated kidnapping the defendant
             227      caused serious bodily injury to another; or
             228          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             229      aggravated kidnapping, the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             230          (4) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (3)(a) or (b), a court finds that a
             231      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (3)(a) or (b) is in the interests of justice and
             232      states the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment
             233      of not less than:
             234          (a) for purposes of Subsection (3)(b), 15 years and which may be for life; or
             235          (b) for purposes of Subsection (3)(a) or (b):
             236          (i) 10 years and which may be for life; or
             237          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             238          (5) The provisions of Subsection (4) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             239      Subsection (3)(c).
             240          (6) Subsections (3)(b) and (3)(c) do not apply if the defendant was younger than 18
             241      years of age at the time of the offense.
             242          [(6)] (7) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section
             243      76-3-406 .
             244          Section 4. Section 76-5-402 is amended to read:
             245           76-5-402. Rape.
             246          (1) A person commits rape when the actor has sexual intercourse with another person
             247      without the victim's consent.
             248          (2) This section applies whether or not the actor is married to the victim.
             249          (3) Rape is a felony of the first degree, punishable by a term of imprisonment of:
             250          (a) except as provided in Subsection (3)(b) or (c), not less than five years and which
             251      may be for life;
             252          (b) except as provided in Subsection (3)(c) or (4), 15 years and which may be for life,
             253      if the trier of fact finds that:


             254          (i) during the course of the commission of the rape the defendant caused serious bodily
             255      injury to another; or
             256          (ii) at the time of the commission of the rape, the defendant was younger than 18 years
             257      of age and was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense; or
             258          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             259      rape the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             260          (4) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (3)(b), a court finds that a lesser
             261      term than the term described in Subsection (3)(b) is in the interests of justice and states the
             262      reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment of not less
             263      than:
             264          (a) 10 years and which may be for life; or
             265          (b) six years and which may be for life.
             266          (5) The provisions of Subsection (4) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             267      Subsection (3)(a) or (c).
             268          (6) Imprisonment under Subsection (3)(b), (3)(c), or (4) is mandatory in accordance
             269      with Section 76-3-406 .
             270          Section 5. Section 76-5-402.1 is amended to read:
             271           76-5-402.1. Rape of a child.
             272          (1) A person commits rape of a child when the person has sexual intercourse with a
             273      child who is under the age of 14.
             274          (2) Rape of a child is a first degree felony punishable by a term of imprisonment of:
             275          (a) except as provided in Subsection (2)(b), not less than 25 years and which may be
             276      for life; or
             277          (b) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that:
             278          (i) during the course of the commission of the rape of a child, the defendant caused
             279      serious bodily injury to another; or
             280          (ii) at the time of the commission of the rape of a child the defendant was previously
             281      convicted of a grievous sexual offense.


             282          (3) Subsection (2)(b) does not apply if the defendant was younger than 18 years of age
             283      at the time of the offense.
             284          [(3)] (4) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section
             285      76-3-406 .
             286          Section 6. Section 76-5-402.2 is amended to read:
             287           76-5-402.2. Object rape.
             288          (1) A person who, without the victim's consent, causes the penetration, however slight,
             289      of the genital or anal opening of another person who is 14 years of age or older, by any foreign
             290      object, substance, instrument, or device, including a part of the human body other than the
             291      mouth or genitals, with intent to cause substantial emotional or bodily pain to the victim or
             292      with the intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person, commits an offense which is
             293      a first degree felony, punishable by a term of imprisonment of:
             294          (a) except as provided in Subsection (1)(b) or (c), not less than five years and which
             295      may be for life;
             296          (b) except as provided in Subsection (1)(c) or (2), 15 years and which may be for life,
             297      if the trier of fact finds that:
             298          (i) during the course of the commission of the object rape the defendant caused serious
             299      bodily injury to another; or
             300          (ii) at the time of the commission of the object rape, the defendant was younger than 18
             301      years of age and was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense; or
             302          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             303      object rape, the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             304          (2) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (1)(b), a court finds that a lesser
             305      term than the term described in Subsection (1)(b) is in the interests of justice and states the
             306      reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment of not less
             307      than:
             308          (a) 10 years and which may be for life; or
             309          (b) six years and which may be for life.


             310          (3) The provisions of Subsection (2) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             311      Subsection (1)(a) or (c).
             312          (4) Imprisonment under Subsection (1)(b), (1)(c), or (2) is mandatory in accordance
             313      with Section 76-3-406 .
             314          Section 7. Section 76-5-402.3 is amended to read:
             315           76-5-402.3. Object rape of a child -- Penalty.
             316          (1) A person commits object rape of a child when the person causes the penetration or
             317      touching, however slight, of the genital or anal opening of a child who is under the age of 14 by
             318      any foreign object, substance, instrument, or device, not including a part of the human body,
             319      with intent to cause substantial emotional or bodily pain to the child or with the intent to arouse
             320      or gratify the sexual desire of any person.
             321           (2) Object rape of a child is a first degree felony punishable by a term of imprisonment
             322      of:
             323          (a) except as provided in Subsection (2)(b) not less than 25 years and which may be for
             324      life; or
             325          (b) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that:
             326          (i) during the course of the commission of the object rape of a child the defendant
             327      caused serious bodily injury to another; or
             328          (ii) at the time of the commission of the object rape of a child the defendant was
             329      previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             330          (3) Subsection (2)(b) does not apply if the defendant was younger than 18 years of age
             331      at the time of the offense.
             332          [(3)] (4) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section
             333      76-3-406 .
             334          Section 8. Section 76-5-403 is amended to read:
             335           76-5-403. Sodomy -- Forcible sodomy.
             336          (1) A person commits sodomy when the actor engages in any sexual act with a person
             337      who is 14 years of age or older involving the genitals of one person and mouth or anus of


             338      another person, regardless of the sex of either participant.
             339          (2) A person commits forcible sodomy when the actor commits sodomy upon another
             340      without the other's consent.
             341          (3) Sodomy is a class B misdemeanor.
             342          (4) Forcible sodomy is a first degree felony [of the first degree], punishable by a term
             343      of imprisonment of:
             344          (a) except as provided in Subsection (4)(b) or (c), not less than five years and which
             345      may be for life;
             346          (b) except as provided in Subsection (4)(c) or (5), 15 years and which may be for life,
             347      if the trier of fact finds that:
             348          (i) during the course of the commission of the forcible sodomy the defendant caused
             349      serious bodily injury to another; or
             350          (ii) at the time of the commission of the rape, the defendant was younger than 18 years
             351      of age and was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense; or
             352          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             353      forcible sodomy the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             354          (5) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (4)(b), a court finds that a lesser
             355      term than the term described in Subsection (4)(b) is in the interests of justice and states the
             356      reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment of not less
             357      than:
             358          (a) 10 years and which may be for life; or
             359          (b) six years and which may be for life.
             360          (6) The provisions of Subsection (5) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             361      Subsection (4)(a) or (c).
             362          (7) Imprisonment under Subsection (4)(b), (4)(c), or (5) is mandatory in accordance
             363      with Section 76-3-406 .
             364          Section 9. Section 76-5-403.1 is amended to read:
             365           76-5-403.1. Sodomy on a child.


             366          (1) A person commits sodomy upon a child if the actor engages in any sexual act upon
             367      or with a child who is under the age of 14, involving the genitals or anus of the actor or the
             368      child and the mouth or anus of either person, regardless of the sex of either participant.
             369          (2) Sodomy upon a child is a first degree felony punishable by a term of imprisonment
             370      of:
             371          (a) except as provided in Subsection (2)(b), not less than 25 years and which may be
             372      for life; or
             373          (b) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that:
             374          (i) during the course of the commission of the sodomy upon a child the defendant
             375      caused serious bodily injury to another; or
             376          (ii) at the time of the commission of the sodomy upon a child, the defendant was
             377      previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             378          (3) Subsection (2)(b) does not apply if the defendant was younger than 18 years of age
             379      at the time of the offense.
             380          [(3)] (4) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section
             381      76-3-406 .
             382          Section 10. Section 76-5-404.1 is amended to read:
             383           76-5-404.1. Sexual abuse of a child -- Aggravated sexual abuse of a child.
             384          (1) As used in this section, "child" means a person under the age of 14.
             385          (2) A person commits sexual abuse of a child if, under circumstances not amounting to
             386      rape of a child, object rape of a child, sodomy upon a child, or an attempt to commit any of
             387      these offenses, the actor touches the anus, buttocks, or genitalia of any child, the breast of a
             388      female child, or otherwise takes indecent liberties with a child, or causes a child to take
             389      indecent liberties with the actor or another with intent to cause substantial emotional or bodily
             390      pain to any person or with the intent to arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person
             391      regardless of the sex of any participant.
             392          (3) Sexual abuse of a child is punishable as a second degree felony.
             393          (4) A person commits aggravated sexual abuse of a child when in conjunction with the


             394      offense described in Subsection (2) any of the following circumstances have been charged and
             395      admitted or found true in the action for the offense:
             396          (a) the offense was committed by the use of a dangerous weapon as defined in Section
             397      76-1-601 , or by force, duress, violence, intimidation, coercion, menace, or threat of harm, or
             398      was committed during the course of a kidnaping;
             399          (b) the accused caused bodily injury or severe psychological injury to the victim during
             400      or as a result of the offense;
             401          (c) the accused was a stranger to the victim or made friends with the victim for the
             402      purpose of committing the offense;
             403          (d) the accused used, showed, or displayed pornography or caused the victim to be
             404      photographed in a lewd condition during the course of the offense;
             405          (e) the accused, prior to sentencing for this offense, was previously convicted of any
             406      felony, or of a misdemeanor involving a sexual offense;
             407          (f) the accused committed the same or similar sexual act upon two or more victims at
             408      the same time or during the same course of conduct;
             409          (g) the accused committed, in Utah or elsewhere, more than five separate acts, which if
             410      committed in Utah would constitute an offense described in this chapter, and were committed
             411      at the same time, or during the same course of conduct, or before or after the instant offense;
             412          (h) the offense was committed by a person who occupied a position of special trust in
             413      relation to the victim; "position of special trust" means that position occupied by a person in a
             414      position of authority, who, by reason of that position is able to exercise undue influence over
             415      the victim, and includes, but is not limited to, a youth leader or recreational leader who is an
             416      adult, adult athletic manager, adult coach, teacher, counselor, religious leader, doctor,
             417      employer, foster parent, baby-sitter, adult scout leader, natural parent, stepparent, adoptive
             418      parent, legal guardian, grandparent, aunt, uncle, or adult cohabitant of a parent;
             419          (i) the accused encouraged, aided, allowed, or benefitted from acts of prostitution or
             420      sexual acts by the victim with any other person, or sexual performance by the victim before any
             421      other person; or


             422          (j) the accused caused the penetration, however slight, of the genital or anal opening of
             423      the child by any part or parts of the human body other than the genitals or mouth.
             424          (5) Aggravated sexual abuse of a child is a first degree felony punishable by a term of
             425      imprisonment of:
             426          (a) except as provided in Subsection (5)(b), (5)(c), or (6), not less than 15 years and
             427      which may be for life;
             428          (b) except as provided in Subsection (5)(c) or (6), life without parole, if the trier of fact
             429      finds that during the course of the commission of the aggravated sexual abuse of a child the
             430      defendant caused serious bodily injury to another; or
             431          (c) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             432      aggravated sexual abuse of a child, the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous
             433      sexual offense.
             434          (6) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (5)(a) or (b), a court finds that a
             435      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (5)(a) or (b) is in the interests of justice and
             436      states the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment
             437      of not less than:
             438          (a) for purposes of Subsection (5)(b), 15 years and which may be for life; or
             439          (b) for purposes of Subsection (5)(a) or (b):
             440          (i) 10 years and which may be for life; or
             441          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             442          (7) The provisions of Subsection (6) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             443      Subsection (5)(c).
             444          (8) Subsections (5)(b) and (5)(c) do not apply if the defendant was younger than 18
             445      years of age at the time of the offense.
             446          [(8)] (9) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section
             447      76-3-406 .
             448          Section 11. Section 76-5-405 is amended to read:
             449           76-5-405. Aggravated sexual assault -- Penalty.


             450          (1) A person commits aggravated sexual assault if:
             451          (a) in the course of a rape, object rape, forcible sodomy, or forcible sexual abuse, the
             452      actor:
             453          (i) uses, or threatens the victim with the use of, a dangerous weapon as defined in
             454      Section 76-1-601 ;
             455          (ii) compels, or attempts to compel, the victim to submit to rape, object rape, forcible
             456      sodomy, or forcible sexual abuse, by threat of kidnaping, death, or serious bodily injury to be
             457      inflicted imminently on any person; or
             458          (iii) is aided or abetted by one or more persons;
             459          (b) in the course of an attempted rape, attempted object rape, or attempted forcible
             460      sodomy, the actor:
             461          (i) causes serious bodily injury to any person;
             462          (ii) uses, or threatens the victim with the use of, a dangerous weapon as defined in
             463      Section 76-1-601 ;
             464          (iii) attempts to compel the victim to submit to rape, object rape, or forcible sodomy,
             465      by threat of kidnaping, death, or serious bodily injury to be inflicted imminently on any person;
             466      or
             467          (iv) is aided or abetted by one or more persons; or
             468          (c) in the course of an attempted forcible sexual abuse, the actor:
             469          (i) causes serious bodily injury to any person;
             470          (ii) uses, or threatens the victim with the use of, a dangerous weapon as defined in
             471      Section 76-1-601 ;
             472          (iii) attempts to compel the victim to submit to forcible sexual abuse, by threat of
             473      kidnaping, death, or serious bodily injury to be inflicted imminently on any person; or
             474          (iv) is aided or abetted by one or more persons.
             475          (2) Aggravated sexual assault is a first degree felony, punishable by a term of
             476      imprisonment of:
             477          (a) for an aggravated sexual assault described in Subsection (1)(a):


             478          (i) except as provided in Subsection (2)(a)(ii) or (3)(a), not less than 15 years and
             479      which may be for life; or
             480          (ii) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             481      aggravated sexual assault, the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense;
             482          (b) for an aggravated sexual assault described in Subsection (1)(b):
             483          (i) except as provided in Subsection (2)(b)(ii) or (4)(a), not less than 10 years and
             484      which may be for life; or
             485          (ii) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             486      aggravated sexual assault, the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense;
             487      or
             488          (c) for an aggravated sexual assault described in Subsection (1)(c):
             489          (i) except as provided in Subsection (2)(c)(ii) or (5)(a), not less than six years and
             490      which may be for life; or
             491          (ii) life without parole, if the trier of fact finds that at the time of the commission of the
             492      aggravated sexual assault, the defendant was previously convicted of a grievous sexual offense.
             493          (3) (a) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (2)(a)(i), a court finds that a
             494      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (2)(a)(i) is in the interests of justice and states
             495      the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment of not
             496      less than:
             497          (i) 10 years and which may be for life; or
             498          (ii) six years and which may be for life.
             499          (b) The provisions of Subsection (3)(a) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             500      Subsection (2)(a)(ii).
             501          (4) (a) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (2)(b)(i), a court finds that a
             502      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (2)(b)(i) is in the interests of justice and states
             503      the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment of not
             504      less than six years and which may be for life.
             505          (b) The provisions of Subsection (4)(a) do not apply when a person is sentenced under


             506      Subsection (2)(b)(ii).
             507          (5) (a) If, when imposing a sentence under Subsection (2)(c)(i), a court finds that a
             508      lesser term than the term described in Subsection (2)(c)(i) is in the interests of justice and states
             509      the reasons for this finding on the record, the court may impose a term of imprisonment of not
             510      less than three years and which may be for life.
             511          (b) The provisions of Subsection (5)(a) do not apply when a person is sentenced under
             512      Subsection (2)(c)(ii).
             513          (6) Subsections (2)(a)(ii), (2)(b)(ii), and (2)(c)(ii) do not apply if the defendant was
             514      younger than 18 years of age at the time of the offense.
             515          [(6)] (7) Imprisonment under this section is mandatory in accordance with Section
             516      76-3-406 .


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