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First Substitute S.B. 49

Senator Wayne A. Harper proposes the following substitute bill:


             1     
CHILD WELFARE MODIFICATIONS

             2     
2013 GENERAL SESSION

             3     
STATE OF UTAH

             4     
Chief Sponsor: Wayne A. Harper

             5     
House Sponsor: Ronda Rudd Menlove

             6     
             7      LONG TITLE
             8      General Description:
             9          This bill modifies Title 62A, Chapter 4a, Child and Family Services, and Title 78A,
             10      Chapter 6, Juvenile Court Act, by amending procedures relating to child welfare, and
             11      making clarifying changes to uncodified laws of Utah relating to the Office of the
             12      Guardian ad Litem.
             13      Highlighted Provisions:
             14          This bill:
             15          .    prohibits the division from requiring a parent to pay for some or all of the cost of
             16      mandatory drug testing;
             17          .    states that a parent is not required to provide child support to the Division of Child
             18      and Family Services for a child in the protective custody, temporary custody, or
             19      custody of the division if the parent's only form of income is a government-issued
             20      disability benefit;
             21          .    permits a parent or guardian to name two friends as potential emergency
             22      placements, if the division removes the child from the parent or guardian's home;
             23          .    prohibits the court from ordering additional drug or alcohol testing beyond what is
             24      recommended by a parent's substance abuse treatment program;
             25          .    modifies the definition of a "relative" to include the first cousin of the child's parent;


             26          .    beginning July 1, 2014, permits a parent whose rights were terminated, or a relative
             27      of the child, to petition for guardianship of the parent's child if the child is not
             28      adopted within a year of termination, and no adoption is likely to occur, or if the
             29      child's adoptive parents return the child to the custody of the division;
             30          .    requires the division to study options for creating a posttermination of parental
             31      rights system and report the findings to the 2013 Health and Human Services
             32      Interim Committee.
             33          .    delays the effective date of Uncodified Section 10, Laws of Utah 2012, Chapter
             34      223; and
             35          .    makes technical changes.
             36      Money Appropriated in this Bill:
             37          None
             38      Other Special Clauses:
             39          This bill provides effective dates.
             40      Utah Code Sections Affected:
             41      AMENDS:
             42          62A-4a-105, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2012, Chapters 49 and 200
             43          62A-4a-114, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 3
             44          62A-4a-209, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapters 3 and 17
             45          78A-2-228 (Effective 07/01/13), as last amended by Laws of Utah 2012, Chapter 223
             46          78A-6-307, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 17 and renumbered and
             47      amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 3
             48          78A-6-312, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2012, Chapter 293
             49          78A-6-511, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2012, Chapter 293
             50          78A-6-513, as renumbered and amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 3
             51          78A-6-1106, as renumbered and amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 3
             52          78B-7-106 (Effective 07/01/13), as last amended by Laws of Utah 2012, Chapters 120
             53      and 223
             54          78B-7-202 (Effective 07/01/13), as last amended by Laws of Utah 2012, Chapter 223
             55      ENACTS:
             56          78A-2-227.1, Utah Code Annotated 1953


             57          78A-6-511.1, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             58     
             59      Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
             60          Section 1. Section 62A-4a-105 is amended to read:
             61           62A-4a-105. Division responsibilities.
             62          (1) The division shall:
             63          (a) administer services to minors and families, including:
             64          (i) child welfare services;
             65          (ii) domestic violence services; and
             66          (iii) all other responsibilities that the Legislature or the executive director may assign
             67      to the division;
             68          (b) provide the following services:
             69          (i) financial and other assistance to an individual adopting a child with special needs
             70      under Part 9, Adoption Assistance, not to exceed the amount the division would provide for the
             71      child as a legal ward of the state;
             72          (ii) non-custodial and in-home preventative services, including:
             73          (A) services designed to prevent family break-up; and
             74          (B) family preservation services;
             75          (iii) reunification services to families whose children are in substitute care in
             76      accordance with the requirements of this chapter and Title 78A, Chapter 6, Juvenile Court Act
             77      of 1996;
             78          (iv) protective supervision of a family, upon court order, in an effort to eliminate abuse
             79      or neglect of a child in that family;
             80          (v) shelter care in accordance with the requirements of this chapter and Title 78A,
             81      Chapter 6, Juvenile Court Act of 1996;
             82          (vi) domestic violence services, in accordance with the requirements of federal law;
             83          (vii) protective services to victims of domestic violence, as defined in Section 77-36-1 ,
             84      and their children, in accordance with the provisions of this chapter and Title 78A, Chapter 6,
             85      Part 3, Abuse, Neglect, and Dependency Proceedings;
             86          (viii) substitute care for dependent, abused, neglected, and delinquent children;
             87          (ix) programs and services for minors who have been placed in the custody of the


             88      division for reasons other than abuse or neglect, under Section 62A-4a-250 ; and
             89          (x) training for staff and providers involved in the administration and delivery of
             90      services offered by the division in accordance with this chapter;
             91          (c) establish standards for all:
             92          (i) contract providers of out-of-home care for minors and families;
             93          (ii) facilities that provide substitute care for dependent, abused, neglected, and
             94      delinquent children placed in the custody of the division; and
             95          (iii) direct or contract providers of domestic violence services described in Subsection
             96      (1)(b)(vi);
             97          (d) have authority to:
             98          (i) contract with a private, nonprofit organization to recruit and train foster care
             99      families and child welfare volunteers in accordance with Section 62A-4a-107.5 ; and
             100          (ii) approve facilities that meet the standards established under Subsection (1)(c) to
             101      provide substitute care for dependent, abused, neglected, and delinquent children placed in the
             102      custody of the division;
             103          (e) cooperate with the federal government in the administration of child welfare and
             104      domestic violence programs and other human service activities assigned by the department;
             105          (f) in accordance with Subsection (2)(a), promote and enforce state and federal laws
             106      enacted for the protection of abused, neglected, dependent, delinquent, ungovernable, and
             107      runaway children, and status offenders, in accordance with the requirements of this chapter,
             108      unless administration is expressly vested in another division or department of the state;
             109          (g) cooperate with the Employment Development Division in the Department of
             110      Workforce Services in meeting the social and economic needs of an individual who is eligible
             111      for public assistance;
             112          (h) compile relevant information, statistics, and reports on child and family service
             113      matters in the state;
             114          (i) prepare and submit to the department, the governor, and the Legislature reports of
             115      the operation and administration of the division in accordance with the requirements of
             116      Sections 62A-4a-117 and 62A-4a-118 ;
             117          (j) provide social studies and reports for the juvenile court in accordance with Section
             118      78A-6-605 ;


             119          (k) within appropriations from the Legislature, provide or contract for a variety of
             120      domestic violence services and treatment methods;
             121          (l) ensure regular, periodic publication, including electronic publication, regarding the
             122      number of children in the custody of the division who:
             123          (i) have a permanency goal of adoption; or
             124          (ii) have a final plan of termination of parental rights, pursuant to Section 78A-6-314 ,
             125      and promote adoption of those children;
             126          (m) subject to Subsection (2)(b), refer an individual receiving services from the
             127      division to the local substance abuse authority or other private or public resource for a
             128      court-ordered drug screening test; and
             129          (n) perform other duties and functions required by law.
             130          (2) (a) In carrying out the requirements of Subsection (1)(f), the division shall:
             131          (i) cooperate with the juvenile courts, the Division of Juvenile Justice Services, and
             132      with all public and private licensed child welfare agencies and institutions, to develop and
             133      administer a broad range of services and support;
             134          (ii) take the initiative in all matters involving the protection of abused or neglected
             135      children, if adequate provisions have not been made or are not likely to be made; and
             136          (iii) make expenditures necessary for the care and protection of the children described
             137      in this Subsection (2)(a), within the division's budget.
             138          (b) When an individual is referred to a local substance abuse authority or other private
             139      or public resource for court-ordered drug screening under Subsection (1)(n), the court shall
             140      order the individual to pay all costs of the tests unless:
             141          (i) the cost of the drug screening is specifically funded or provided for by other federal
             142      or state programs;
             143          (ii) the individual is a participant in a drug court; or
             144          (iii) the court finds that the individual is impecunious.
             145          (3) Except to the extent provided by rule, the division is not responsible for
             146      investigating domestic violence in the presence of a child, as described in Section 76-5-109.1 .
             147          (4) The division may not require a parent who has a child in the custody of the division
             148      to pay for some or all of the cost of any drug testing the parent is required to undergo.
             149          Section 2. Section 62A-4a-114 is amended to read:


             150           62A-4a-114. Financial reimbursement by parent or legal guardian.
             151          (1) [The] Except as provided in Subsection (5), the division shall seek reimbursement
             152      of funds it has expended on behalf of a child in the protective custody, temporary custody, or
             153      custody of the division, from the child's parents or legal guardians in accordance with an order
             154      for child support under Section 78A-6-1106 .
             155          (2) A parent or any other obligated person is not responsible for support for periods of
             156      time that a child is removed upon a finding by the juvenile court that there were insufficient
             157      grounds for that removal and that child is returned to the home of the parent, parents, or legal
             158      guardians based upon that finding.
             159          (3) In the event that the juvenile court finds that there were insufficient grounds for the
             160      initial removal, but that the child is to remain in the custody of the state, the juvenile court shall
             161      order that the parents or any other obligated persons are responsible for support from the point
             162      at which it became improper to return the child to the home of [his or her] the child's parent,
             163      parents, or legal guardians.
             164          (4) The attorney general shall represent the division in any legal action taken to enforce
             165      this section.
             166          (5) (a) A parent or any other obligated person is not responsible for support if:
             167          (i) the parent or other obligated person's only source of income is a government-issued
             168      disability benefit; and
             169          (ii) the benefit described in Subsection (5)(a)(i) is issued because of the parent or other
             170      person's disability, and not the child's disability.
             171          (b) A person who seeks to be excused from providing support under Subsection (5)(a)
             172      shall provide the division and the Office of Recovery Services with evidence that the person
             173      meets the requirements of Subsection (5)(a).
             174          Section 3. Section 62A-4a-209 is amended to read:
             175           62A-4a-209. Emergency placement.
             176          (1) As used in this section:
             177          (a) "Nonrelative" means an individual, other than a noncustodial parent or a relative.
             178          (b) "Relative" is as defined in Subsection 78A-6-307 (1)(b).
             179          (2) The division may use an emergency placement under Subsection
             180      62A-4a-202.1 (4)(b)(ii) when:


             181          (a) the case worker has made the determination that:
             182          (i) the child's home is unsafe;
             183          (ii) removal is necessary under the provisions of Section 62A-4a-202.1 ; and
             184          (iii) the child's custodial parent or guardian will agree to not remove the child from the
             185      home of the person that serves as the placement and not have any contact with the child until
             186      after the shelter hearing required by Section 78A-6-306 ;
             187          (b) a person, with preference being given in accordance with Subsection (4), can be
             188      identified who has the ability and is willing to provide care for the child who would otherwise
             189      be placed in shelter care, including:
             190          (i) taking the child to medical, mental health, dental, and educational appointments at
             191      the request of the division; and
             192          (ii) making the child available to division services and the guardian ad litem; and
             193          (c) the person described in Subsection (2)(b) agrees to care for the child on an
             194      emergency basis under the following conditions:
             195          (i) the person meets the criteria for an emergency placement under Subsection (3);
             196          (ii) the person agrees to not allow the custodial parent or guardian to have any contact
             197      with the child until after the shelter hearing unless authorized by the division in writing;
             198          (iii) the person agrees to contact law enforcement and the division if the custodial
             199      parent or guardian attempts to make unauthorized contact with the child;
             200          (iv) the person agrees to allow the division and the child's guardian ad litem to have
             201      access to the child;
             202          (v) the person has been informed and understands that the division may continue to
             203      search for other possible placements for long-term care, if needed;
             204          (vi) the person is willing to assist the custodial parent or guardian in reunification
             205      efforts at the request of the division, and to follow all court orders; and
             206          (vii) the child is comfortable with the person.
             207          (3) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (5), before the division places a child
             208      in an emergency placement, the division:
             209          (a) may request the name of a reference and may contact the reference to determine the
             210      answer to the following questions:
             211          (i) would the person identified as a reference place a child in the home of the


             212      emergency placement; and
             213          (ii) are there any other relatives or friends to consider as a possible emergency or
             214      long-term placement for the child;
             215          (b) shall have the custodial parent or guardian sign an emergency placement agreement
             216      form during the investigation;
             217          (c) (i) if the emergency placement will be with a relative of the child, shall comply with
             218      the background check provisions described in Subsection (7); or
             219          (ii) if the emergency placement will be with a person other than a noncustodial parent
             220      or a relative, shall comply with the criminal background check provisions described in Section
             221      78A-6-308 for adults living in the household where the child will be placed;
             222          (d) shall complete a limited home inspection of the home where the emergency
             223      placement is made; and
             224          (e) shall have the emergency placement approved by a family service specialist.
             225          (4) (a) The following order of preference shall be applied when determining the person
             226      with whom a child will be placed in an emergency placement described in this section,
             227      provided that the person is willing, and has the ability, to care for the child:
             228          (i) a noncustodial parent of the child in accordance with Section 78A-6-307 ;
             229          (ii) a relative of the child;
             230          (iii) subject to Subsection (4)(b), a friend designated by the custodial parent or
             231      guardian of the child, if the friend is a licensed foster parent; and
             232          (iv) a shelter facility, former foster placement, or other foster placement designated by
             233      the division.
             234          (b) Unless the division agrees otherwise, the custodial parent or guardian described in
             235      Subsection (4)(a)(iii) may [only] designate [one friend] up to two friends as a potential
             236      emergency placement.
             237          (5) (a) The division may, pending the outcome of the investigation described in
             238      Subsections (5)(b) and (c), place a child in emergency placement with the child's noncustodial
             239      parent if, based on a limited investigation, prior to making the emergency placement, the
             240      division:
             241          (i) determines that the noncustodial parent has regular, unsupervised visitation with the
             242      child that is not prohibited by law or court order;


             243          (ii) determines that there is not reason to believe that the child's health or safety will be
             244      endangered during the emergency placement; and
             245          (iii) has the custodial parent or guardian sign an emergency placement agreement.
             246          (b) Either before or after making an emergency placement with the noncustodial parent
             247      of the child, the division may conduct the investigation described in Subsection (3)(a) in
             248      relation to the noncustodial parent.
             249          (c) Before, or within one day, excluding weekends and holidays, after a child is placed
             250      in an emergency placement with the noncustodial parent of the child, the division shall conduct
             251      a limited:
             252          (i) background check of the noncustodial parent, pursuant to Subsection (7); and
             253          (ii) inspection of the home where the emergency placement is made.
             254          (6) After an emergency placement, the division caseworker must:
             255          (a) respond to the emergency placement's calls within one hour if the custodial parents
             256      or guardians attempt to make unauthorized contact with the child or attempt to remove the
             257      child;
             258          (b) complete all removal paperwork, including the notice provided to the custodial
             259      parents and guardians under Section 78A-6-306 ;
             260          (c) contact the attorney general to schedule a shelter hearing;
             261          (d) complete the placement procedures required in Section 78A-6-307 ; and
             262          (e) continue to search for other relatives as a possible long-term placement, if needed.
             263          (7) (a) The background check described in Subsection (3)(c)(i) shall include:
             264          (i) completion of a nonfingerprint-based, Utah Bureau of Criminal Identification
             265      background check; and
             266          (ii) a completed search of the Management Information System described in Section
             267      62A-4a-1003 .
             268          (b) The division shall determine whether a person passes the background check
             269      described in this Subsection (7) pursuant to the provisions of Subsections 62A-2-120 (2), (3),
             270      and (8).
             271          (c) Notwithstanding Subsection (7)(b), the division may not place a child with an
             272      individual who is prohibited by court order from having access to that child.
             273          Section 4. Section 78A-2-227.1 is enacted to read:


             274          78A-2-227.1. Appointment of attorney guardian ad litem in district court matters.
             275          A district court may appoint the Office of Guardian ad Litem to represent the best
             276      interests of a minor in the following district court matters:
             277          (1) protective order proceedings; and
             278          (2) district court actions when:
             279          (a) child abuse, child sexual abuse, or neglect is alleged in a formal complaint, petition,
             280      or counterclaim;
             281          (b) the child abuse, child sexual abuse, or neglect described in Subsection (2)(a) has
             282      been reported to Child Protective Services; and
             283          (c) the court makes a finding that the adult parties to the case are indigent, as defined in
             284      Section 77-32-202 .
             285          (3) (a) A court may not appoint an attorney guardian ad litem in a criminal case.
             286          (b) Subsection (3)(a) does not prohibit the appointment of an attorney guardian ad
             287      litem in a case where a court is determining whether to adjudicate a minor for committing an
             288      act that would be a crime if committed by an adult.
             289          (c) Subsection (3)(a) does not prohibit an attorney guardian ad litem from entering an
             290      appearance, filing motions, or taking other action in a criminal case on behalf of a minor, if:
             291          (i) the attorney guardian ad litem is appointed to represent the minor in a case that is
             292      not a criminal case; and
             293          (ii) the interests of the minor may be impacted by:
             294          (A) an order that has been, or may be, issued in the criminal case; or
             295          (B) other proceedings that have occurred, or may occur, in the criminal case.
             296          (4) If a court appoints an attorney guardian ad litem in a divorce or child custody case,
             297      the court shall:
             298          (a) specify in the order appointing the attorney guardian ad litem the specific issues in
             299      the proceeding that the attorney guardian ad litem is required to be involved in resolving, which
             300      may include issues relating to the custody of children and parent-time schedules;
             301          (b) to the extent possible, bifurcate the issues specified in the order described in
             302      Subsection (4)(a) from the other issues in the case, in order to minimize the time constraints
             303      placed upon the attorney guardian ad litem in the case; and
             304          (c) except as provided in Subsection (6), within one year after the day on which the


             305      attorney guardian ad litem is appointed in the case, issue a final order:
             306          (i) resolving the issues described in the order described in Subsection (4)(a); and
             307          (ii) terminating the appointment of the attorney guardian ad litem in the case.
             308          (5) The court shall issue an order terminating the appointment of an attorney guardian
             309      ad litem made under this section, if:
             310          (a) the court determines that the allegations of abuse or neglect are unfounded;
             311          (b) after receiving input from the attorney guardian ad litem, the court determines that
             312      the children are no longer at risk of abuse or neglect; or
             313          (c) there has been no activity in the case for which the attorney guardian ad litem is
             314      appointed for a period of six consecutive months.
             315          (6) A court may issue a written order extending the one-year period described in
             316      Subsection (4)(c) for a time-certain, if the court makes a written finding that there is a
             317      compelling reason that the court cannot comply with the requirements described in Subsection
             318      (4)(c) within the one-year period.
             319          (7) When appointing an attorney guardian ad litem for a minor under this section, a
             320      court may appoint the same attorney guardian ad litem who represents the minor in another
             321      proceeding, or who has represented the minor in a previous proceeding, if that attorney
             322      guardian ad litem is available.
             323          (8) The court is responsible for all costs resulting from the appointment of an attorney
             324      guardian ad litem and shall use funds appropriated by the Legislature for the guardian ad litem
             325      program to cover those costs.
             326          (9) (a) If the court appoints the Office of Guardian Ad Litem in a civil case pursuant to
             327      this section, the court may assess all or part of those attorney fees, court costs, paralegal, staff,
             328      and volunteer expenses against the minor's parent, parents, or legal guardian in an amount that
             329      the court determines to be just and appropriate.
             330          (b) The court may not assess those fees or costs against a legal guardian, when that
             331      guardian is the state, or against a parent, parents, or legal guardian who is found to be
             332      impecunious. If a person claims to be impecunious, the court shall require of that person an
             333      affidavit of impecuniosity as provided in Section 78A-2-302 and the court shall follow the
             334      procedures and make the determinations as provided in Section 78A-2-302 .
             335          (10) An attorney guardian ad litem appointed in accordance with the requirements of


             336      this section and Chapter 6, Part 9, Guardian Ad Litem, is, when serving in the scope of duties
             337      of an attorney guardian ad litem, considered an employee of this state for purposes of
             338      indemnification under the Governmental Immunity Act.
             339          Section 5. Section 78A-2-228 (Effective 07/01/13) is amended to read:
             340           78A-2-228 (Effective 07/01/13). Private attorney guardian ad litem --
             341      Appointment -- Costs and fees -- Duties -- Conflicts of interest -- Pro bono obligation --
             342      Indemnification -- Minimum qualifications.
             343          (1) The court may appoint a private attorney as guardian ad litem to represent the best
             344      interests of the minor in any district court action when:
             345          (a) child abuse, child sexual abuse, or neglect is alleged in any proceeding, and the
             346      court has made a finding that an adult party is not indigent, as defined by Section 77-32-202 ; or
             347          (b) the custody of, or parent-time with, a child is at issue.
             348          (2) (a) The court shall consider the limited number of eligible private attorneys
             349      guardian ad litem, as well as the limited time and resources available to a private attorney
             350      guardian ad litem, when making an appointment under Subsection (1) and prioritize case
             351      assignments accordingly.
             352          (b) The court shall make findings regarding the need and basis for the appointment of a
             353      private guardian ad litem.
             354          (c) A court may not appoint a private guardian ad litem in a criminal case.
             355          (3) When appointing a private attorney guardian ad litem, the court shall:
             356          (a) state in its order that the court is appointing a private attorney guardian ad litem, to
             357      be assigned by the Office of Guardian ad Litem, to represent the best interests of the child in
             358      the matter; and
             359          (b) send the order described in Subsection (3)(a) to the Director of the Office of
             360      Guardian ad Litem, in care of the Private Attorney Guardian ad Litem program.
             361          (4) The court shall:
             362          (a) specify in the order appointing a private attorney guardian ad litem the specific
             363      issues in the proceeding that the private attorney guardian ad litem shall be involved in
             364      resolving, which may include issues relating to the custody of the child and a parent-time
             365      schedule;
             366          (b) to the extent possible, bifurcate the issues described in Subsection (3)(a) from the


             367      other issues in the case in order to minimize the time constraints placed upon the private
             368      attorney guardian ad litem; and
             369          (c) except as provided in Subsection (6), issue a final order within one year after the
             370      day on which the private attorney guardian ad litem is appointed in the case:
             371          (i) resolving the issues described in Subsection (4)(a); and
             372          (ii) terminating the private attorney guardian ad litem from the appointment to the case.
             373          (5) The court shall issue an order terminating the appointment of a private guardian ad
             374      litem made under this section if:
             375          (a) after receiving input from the private attorney guardian ad litem, the court
             376      determines that the minor no longer requires the services of the private attorney guardian ad
             377      litem; or
             378          (b) there has been no activity in the case for a period of six consecutive months.
             379          (6) A court may issue an order extending the one-year period described in Subsection
             380      (4)(c) for a specified amount of time if the court makes a written finding that there is a
             381      compelling reason that the court cannot comply with the requirements described in Subsection
             382      (4)(c) within the one-year period.
             383          (7) When appointing a private attorney guardian ad litem under this section, a court
             384      may appoint the same private attorney guardian ad litem who represents the minor in another
             385      proceeding, or who has represented the minor in a previous proceeding, if that private attorney
             386      guardian ad litem is available.
             387          (8) Upon receipt of the court's order, described in Subsection (3), the director or the
             388      director's designee shall assign the case to an eligible private attorney guardian ad litem, if
             389      available and as established by rule under Subsection (17).
             390          (9) (a) When appointing a private attorney guardian ad litem, the court shall:
             391          (i) assess all or part of the attorney guardian ad litem fees, courts costs, and paralegal,
             392      staff, and volunteer expenses against the parties in a proportion the court determines to be just;
             393      and
             394          (ii) designate in the order whether the private attorney guardian ad litem shall, as
             395      established by rule under Subsection (17):
             396          (A) be paid a set fee and initial retainer;
             397          (B) not be paid and serve pro bono; or


             398          (C) be paid at a rate less than the set fee established by court rule.
             399          (b) If a party claims to be impecunious, the court shall follow the procedure and make a
             400      determination, described in Section 78A-2-302 , to set the amount that the party is required to
             401      pay, if any, toward the private attorney guardian ad litem's fees and expenses.
             402          (c) The private attorney guardian ad litem may adjust the court-ordered fees or retainer
             403      to an amount less than what was ordered by the court at any time before being released from
             404      representation by the court.
             405          (10) Upon accepting the court's appointment, the assigned attorney shall:
             406          (a) file a notice of appearance with the court within five business days of the day on
             407      which the attorney was assigned; and
             408          (b) represent the best interests of the minor until released by the court.
             409          (11) The private attorney guardian ad litem:
             410          (a) shall be certified by the director of the Office of Guardian ad Litem as meeting the
             411      minimum qualifications for appointment; and
             412          (b) may not be employed by, or under contract with, the Office of Guardian ad Litem
             413      unless under contract as a conflict guardian ad litem in an unrelated case.
             414          (12) The private attorney guardian ad litem appointed under the provisions of this
             415      section shall:
             416          (a) represent the best interests of the minor from the date of the appointment until
             417      released by the court;
             418          (b) conduct or supervise an ongoing, independent investigation in order to obtain,
             419      first-hand, a clear understanding of the situation and needs of the minor;
             420          (c) interview witnesses and review relevant records pertaining to the minor and the
             421      minor's family, including medical, psychological, and school records;
             422          (d) (i) personally meet with the minor, unless:
             423          (A) the minor is outside of the state; or
             424          (B) meeting with the minor would be detrimental to the minor;
             425          (ii) personally interview the minor, unless:
             426          (A) the minor is not old enough to communicate;
             427          (B) the minor lacks the capacity to participate in a meaningful interview; or
             428          (C) the interview would be detrimental to the minor;


             429          (iii) to the extent possible, determine the minor's goals and concerns regarding custody
             430      or visitation; and
             431          (iv) to the extent possible, and unless it would be detrimental to the minor, keep the
             432      minor advised of:
             433          (A) the status of the minor's case;
             434          (B) all court and administrative proceedings;
             435          (C) discussions with, and proposals made by, other parties;
             436          (D) court action; and
             437          (E) the psychiatric, medical, or other treatment or diagnostic services that are to be
             438      provided to the minor;
             439          (e) unless excused by the court, prepare for and attend all mediation hearings and all
             440      court conferences and hearings, and present witnesses and exhibits as necessary to protect the
             441      best interests of the minor;
             442          (f) identify community resources to protect the best interests of the minor and advocate
             443      for those resources; and
             444          (g) participate in all appeals unless excused by the court.
             445          (13) (a) The private attorney guardian ad litem shall represent the best interests of a
             446      minor.
             447          (b) If the minor's intent and desires differ from the attorney's determination of the
             448      minor's best interests, the attorney guardian ad litem shall communicate to the court the minor's
             449      intent and desires and the attorney's determination of the minor's best interests.
             450          (c) A difference between the minor's intent and desires and the attorney's determination
             451      of best interests is not sufficient to create a conflict of interest.
             452          (d) The private attorney guardian ad litem shall disclose the intent and desires of the
             453      minor unless the minor:
             454          (i) instructs the private attorney guardian ad litem to not disclose the minor's intent and
             455      desires; or
             456          (ii) has not expressed an intent and desire.
             457          (e) The court may appoint one attorney guardian ad litem to represent the best interests
             458      of more than one child of a marriage.
             459          (14) In every court hearing where the private attorney guardian ad litem makes a


             460      recommendation regarding the best interest of the minor, the court shall require the private
             461      attorney guardian ad litem to disclose the factors that form the basis of the recommendation.
             462          (15) An attorney guardian ad litem appointed under this section is immune from any
             463      civil liability that might result by reason of acts performed within the scope of duties of the
             464      attorney guardian ad litem.
             465          (16) The Office of Guardian ad Litem and the Guardian Ad Litem Oversight
             466      Committee shall compile a list of attorneys willing to accept an appointment as a private
             467      attorney guardian ad litem.
             468          (17) Upon the advice of the director of the Office of Guardian ad Litem and the
             469      Guardian Ad Litem Oversight Committee, the Judicial Council shall establish by rule:
             470          (a) the minimum qualifications and requirements for appointment by the court as an
             471      attorney guardian ad litem;
             472          (b) the standard fee rate and retainer amount for a private attorney guardian ad litem;
             473          (c) the percentage of cases a private attorney guardian ad litem may be expected to take
             474      on pro bono;
             475          (d) a system to:
             476          (i) select a private attorney guardian ad litem for a given appointment; and
             477          (ii) determine when a private attorney guardian ad litem shall be expected to accept an
             478      appointment pro bono; and
             479          (e) the process for handling a complaint relating to the eligibility status of a private
             480      attorney guardian ad litem.
             481          (18) Any savings that result from assigning a private attorney guardian ad litem in a
             482      district court case, instead of a guardian ad litem from the Office of Guardian ad Litem, shall
             483      be applied to the Office of Guardian ad Litem to reduce caseloads and improve current
             484      practices.
             485          Section 6. Section 78A-6-307 is amended to read:
             486           78A-6-307. Shelter hearing -- Placement -- DCFS custody.
             487          (1) As used in this section:
             488          (a) (i) "Natural parent," notwithstanding the provisions of Section 78A-6-105 , means:
             489          (A) a biological or adoptive mother;
             490          (B) an adoptive father; or


             491          (C) a biological father who:
             492          (I) was married to the child's biological mother at the time the child was conceived or
             493      born; or
             494          (II) has strictly complied with the provisions of Sections 78B-6-120 through
             495      78B-6-122 , prior to removal of the child or voluntary surrender of the child by the custodial
             496      parent.
             497          (ii) The definition of "natural parent" described in Subsection (1)(a)(i) applies
             498      regardless of whether the child has been or will be placed with adoptive parents or whether
             499      adoption has been or will be considered as a long-term goal for the child.
             500          (b) "Relative" means:
             501          (i) an adult who is a grandparent, great grandparent, aunt, great aunt, uncle, great uncle,
             502      brother-in-law, sister-in-law, stepparent, first cousin, stepsibling, [or] sibling of a child, or a
             503      first cousin of the child's parent; and
             504          (ii) in the case of a child defined as an "Indian" under the Indian Child Welfare Act, 25
             505      U.S.C. Sec. 1903, "relative" also means an "extended family member" as defined by that
             506      statute.
             507          (2) (a) At the shelter hearing, when the court orders that a child be removed from the
             508      custody of the child's parent in accordance with the requirements of Section 78A-6-306 , the
             509      court shall first determine whether there is another natural parent with whom the child was not
             510      residing at the time the events or conditions that brought the child within the court's jurisdiction
             511      occurred, who desires to assume custody of the child.
             512          (b) If another natural parent requests custody under Subsection (2)(a), the court shall
             513      place the child with that parent unless it finds that the placement would be unsafe or otherwise
             514      detrimental to the child.
             515          (c) The provisions of this Subsection (2) are limited by the provisions of Subsection
             516      (18)(b).
             517          (d) (i) The court shall make a specific finding regarding the fitness of the parent
             518      described in Subsection (2)(b) to assume custody, and the safety and appropriateness of the
             519      placement.
             520          (ii) The court shall, at a minimum, order the division to visit the parent's home, comply
             521      with the criminal background check provisions described in Section 78A-6-308 , and check the


             522      division's management information system for any previous reports of abuse or neglect
             523      received by the division regarding the parent at issue.
             524          (iii) The court may order the division to conduct any further investigation regarding the
             525      safety and appropriateness of the placement.
             526          (iv) The division shall report its findings in writing to the court.
             527          (v) The court may place the child in the temporary custody of the division, pending its
             528      determination regarding that placement.
             529          (3) If the court orders placement with a parent under Subsection (2):
             530          (a) the child and the parent are under the continuing jurisdiction of the court;
             531          (b) the court may order:
             532          (i) that the parent assume custody subject to the supervision of the court; and
             533          (ii) that services be provided to the parent from whose custody the child was removed,
             534      the parent who has assumed custody, or both; and
             535          (c) the court shall order reasonable parent-time with the parent from whose custody the
             536      child was removed, unless parent-time is not in the best interest of the child.
             537          (4) The court shall periodically review an order described in Subsection (3) to
             538      determine whether:
             539          (a) placement with the parent continues to be in the child's best interest;
             540          (b) the child should be returned to the original custodial parent;
             541          (c) the child should be placed in the custody of a relative, pursuant to Subsections (7)
             542      through (12); or
             543          (d) the child should be placed in the custody of the division.
             544          (5) The time limitations described in Section 78A-6-312 with regard to reunification
             545      efforts, apply to children placed with a previously noncustodial parent in accordance with
             546      Subsection (2).
             547          (6) Legal custody of the child is not affected by an order entered under Subsection (2)
             548      or (3). In order to affect a previous court order regarding legal custody, the party must petition
             549      that court for modification of the order.
             550          (7) If, at the time of the shelter hearing, a child is removed from the custody of the
             551      child's parent and is not placed in the custody of the child's other parent, the court:
             552          (a) shall, at that time, determine whether, subject to Subsections (18)(c) through (e),


             553      there is a relative of the child or a friend of a parent of the child who is able and willing to care
             554      for the child;
             555          (b) may order the division to conduct a reasonable search to determine whether, subject
             556      to Subsections (18)(c) through (e), there are relatives of the child or friends of a parent of the
             557      child who are willing and appropriate, in accordance with the requirements of this part and
             558      Title 62A, Chapter 4a, Part 2, Child Welfare Services, for placement of the child;
             559          (c) shall order the parents to cooperate with the division, within five working days, to,
             560      subject to Subsections (18)(c) through (e), provide information regarding relatives of the child
             561      or friends who may be able and willing to care for the child; and
             562          (d) may order that the child be placed in the custody of the division pending the
             563      determination under Subsection (7)(a).
             564          (8) This section may not be construed as a guarantee that an identified relative or friend
             565      will receive custody of the child.
             566          (9) Subject to Subsections (18)(c) through (e), preferential consideration shall be given
             567      to a relative's or a friend's request for placement of the child, if it is in the best interest of the
             568      child, and the provisions of this section are satisfied.
             569          (10) (a) If a willing relative or friend is identified under Subsection (7)(a), the court
             570      shall make a specific finding regarding:
             571          (i) the fitness of that relative or friend as a placement for the child; and
             572          (ii) the safety and appropriateness of placement with that relative or friend.
             573          (b) In order to be considered a "willing relative or friend" under this section, the
             574      relative or friend shall be willing to cooperate with the child's permanency goal.
             575          (11) (a) In making the finding described in Subsection (10)(a), the court shall, at a
             576      minimum, order the division to:
             577          (i) if the child may be placed with a relative of the child, conduct a background check
             578      that includes:
             579          (A) completion of a nonfingerprint-based, Utah Bureau of Criminal Identification
             580      background check of the relative;
             581          (B) a completed search, relating to the relative, of the Management Information System
             582      described in Section 62A-4a-1003 ; and
             583          (C) a background check that complies with the criminal background check provisions


             584      described in Section 78A-6-308 , of each nonrelative, as defined in Subsection
             585      62A-4a-209 (1)(a), of the child who resides in the household where the child may be placed;
             586          (ii) if the child will be placed with a noncustodial parent of the child, complete a
             587      background check that includes:
             588          (A) the background check requirements applicable to an emergency placement with a
             589      noncustodial parent that are described in Subsections 62A-4a-209 (5) and (7);
             590          (B) a completed search, relating to the noncustodial parent of the child, of the
             591      Management Information System described in Section 62A-4a-1003 ; and
             592          (C) a background check that complies with the criminal background check provisions
             593      described in Section 78A-6-308 , of each nonrelative, as defined in Subsection
             594      62A-4a-209 (1)(a), of the child who resides in the household where the child may be placed;
             595          (iii) if the child may be placed with an individual other than a noncustodial parent or a
             596      relative of the child, conduct a criminal background check of the individual, and each adult that
             597      resides in the household where the child may be placed, that complies with the criminal
             598      background check provisions described in Section 78A-6-308 ;
             599          (iv) visit the relative's or friend's home;
             600          (v) check the division's management information system for any previous reports of
             601      abuse or neglect regarding the relative or friend at issue;
             602          (vi) report the division's findings in writing to the court; and
             603          (vii) provide sufficient information so that the court may determine whether:
             604          (A) the relative or friend has any history of abusive or neglectful behavior toward other
             605      children that may indicate or present a danger to this child;
             606          (B) the child is comfortable with the relative or friend;
             607          (C) the relative or friend recognizes the parent's history of abuse and is committed to
             608      protect the child;
             609          (D) the relative or friend is strong enough to resist inappropriate requests by the parent
             610      for access to the child, in accordance with court orders;
             611          (E) the relative or friend is committed to caring for the child as long as necessary; and
             612          (F) the relative or friend can provide a secure and stable environment for the child.
             613          (b) The division may determine to conduct, or the court may order the division to
             614      conduct, any further investigation regarding the safety and appropriateness of the placement.


             615          (c) The division shall complete and file its assessment regarding placement with a
             616      relative or friend as soon as practicable, in an effort to facilitate placement of the child with a
             617      relative or friend.
             618          (12) (a) The court may place a child described in Subsection (2)(a) in the temporary
             619      custody of the division, pending the division's investigation pursuant to Subsections (10) and
             620      (11), and the court's determination regarding the appropriateness of that placement.
             621          (b) The court shall ultimately base its determination regarding the appropriateness of a
             622      placement with a relative or friend on the best interest of the child.
             623          (13) When the court awards custody and guardianship of a child with a relative or
             624      friend:
             625          (a) the court shall order that:
             626          (i) the relative or friend assume custody, subject to the continuing supervision of the
             627      court; and
             628          (ii) any necessary services be provided to the child and the relative or friend;
             629          (b) the child and any relative or friend with whom the child is placed are under the
             630      continuing jurisdiction of the court;
             631          (c) the court may enter any order that it considers necessary for the protection and best
             632      interest of the child;
             633          (d) the court shall provide for reasonable parent-time with the parent or parents from
             634      whose custody the child was removed, unless parent-time is not in the best interest of the child;
             635      and
             636          (e) the court shall conduct a periodic review no less often than every six months, to
             637      determine whether:
             638          (i) placement with the relative or friend continues to be in the child's best interest;
             639          (ii) the child should be returned home; or
             640          (iii) the child should be placed in the custody of the division.
             641          (14) No later than 12 months after placement with a relative or friend, the court shall
             642      schedule a hearing for the purpose of entering a permanent order in accordance with the best
             643      interest of the child.
             644          (15) The time limitations described in Section 78A-6-312 , with regard to reunification
             645      efforts, apply to children placed with a relative or friend pursuant to Subsection (7).


             646          (16) (a) If the court awards custody of a child to the division, and the division places
             647      the child with a relative, the division shall:
             648          (i) conduct a criminal background check of the relative that complies with the criminal
             649      background check provisions described in Section 78A-6-308 ; and
             650          (ii) if the results of the criminal background check described in Subsection (16)(a)(i)
             651      would prohibit the relative from having direct access to the child under Section 62A-2-120 , the
             652      division shall:
             653          (A) take the child into physical custody; and
             654          (B) within three days, excluding weekends and holidays, after taking the child into
             655      physical custody under Subsection (16)(a)(ii)(A), give written notice to the court, and all
             656      parties to the proceedings, of the division's action.
             657          (b) Nothing in Subsection (16)(a) prohibits the division from placing a child with a
             658      relative, pending the results of the background check described in Subsection (16)(a) on the
             659      relative.
             660          (17) When the court orders that a child be removed from the custody of the child's
             661      parent and does not award custody and guardianship to another parent, relative, or friend under
             662      this section, the court shall order that the child be placed in the temporary custody of the
             663      Division of Child and Family Services, to proceed to adjudication and disposition and to be
             664      provided with care and services in accordance with this chapter and Title 62A, Chapter 4a,
             665      Child and Family Services.
             666          (18) (a) Any preferential consideration that a relative or friend is initially granted
             667      pursuant to Subsection (9) expires 120 days from the date of the shelter hearing. After that
             668      time period has expired, a relative or friend who has not obtained custody or asserted an
             669      interest in a child, may not be granted preferential consideration by the division or the court.
             670          (b) When the time period described in Subsection (18)(a) has expired, the preferential
             671      consideration, which is initially granted to a natural parent in accordance with Subsection (2),
             672      is limited. After that time the court shall base its custody decision on the best interest of the
             673      child.
             674          (c) Prior to the expiration of the 120-day period described in Subsection (18)(a), the
             675      following order of preference shall be applied when determining the person with whom a child
             676      will be placed, provided that the person is willing, and has the ability, to care for the child:


             677          (i) a noncustodial parent of the child;
             678          (ii) a relative of the child;
             679          (iii) subject to Subsection (18)(d), a friend of a parent of the child, if the friend is a
             680      licensed foster parent; and
             681          (iv) other placements that are consistent with the requirements of law.
             682          (d) In determining whether a friend is a willing and appropriate placement for a child,
             683      neither the court, nor the division, is required to consider more than one friend designated by
             684      each parent of the child.
             685          (e) If a parent of the child is not able to designate a friend who is a licensed foster
             686      parent for placement of the child, but is able to identify a friend who is willing to become
             687      licensed as a foster parent:
             688          (i) the department shall fully cooperate to expedite the licensing process for the friend;
             689      and
             690          (ii) if the friend becomes licensed as a foster parent within the time frame described in
             691      Subsection (18)(a), the court shall determine whether it is in the best interests of the child to
             692      place the child with the friend.
             693          (19) If, following the shelter hearing, the child is placed with a person who is not a
             694      parent of the child, a relative of the child, a friend of a parent of the child, or a former foster
             695      parent of the child, priority shall be given to a foster placement with a man and a woman who
             696      are married to each other, unless it is in the best interests of the child to place the child with a
             697      single foster parent.
             698          (20) In determining the placement of a child, neither the court, nor the division, may
             699      take into account, or discriminate against, the religion of a person with whom the child may be
             700      placed, unless the purpose of taking religion into account is to place the child with a person or
             701      family of the same religion as the child.
             702          Section 7. Section 78A-6-312 is amended to read:
             703           78A-6-312. Dispositional hearing -- Reunification services -- Exceptions.
             704          (1) The court may:
             705          (a) make any of the dispositions described in Section 78A-6-117 ;
             706          (b) place the minor in the custody or guardianship of any:
             707          (i) individual; or


             708          (ii) public or private entity or agency; or
             709          (c) order:
             710          (i) protective supervision;
             711          (ii) family preservation;
             712          (iii) subject to [Subsection] Subsections (12)(b) and 78A-6-117 (2)(n)(iii), medical or
             713      mental health treatment; or
             714          (iv) other services.
             715          (2) Whenever the court orders continued removal at the dispositional hearing, and that
             716      the minor remain in the custody of the division, the court shall first:
             717          (a) establish a primary permanency goal for the minor; and
             718          (b) determine whether, in view of the primary permanency goal, reunification services
             719      are appropriate for the minor and the minor's family, pursuant to Subsections (20) through (22).
             720          (3) Subject to Subsections (6) and (7), if the court determines that reunification
             721      services are appropriate for the minor and the minor's family, the court shall provide for
             722      reasonable parent-time with the parent or parents from whose custody the minor was removed,
             723      unless parent-time is not in the best interest of the minor.
             724          (4) In cases where obvious sexual abuse, sexual exploitation, abandonment, severe
             725      abuse, or severe neglect are involved, neither the division nor the court has any duty to make
             726      "reasonable efforts" or to, in any other way, attempt to provide reunification services, or to
             727      attempt to rehabilitate the offending parent or parents.
             728          (5) In all cases, the minor's health, safety, and welfare shall be the court's paramount
             729      concern in determining whether reasonable efforts to reunify should be made.
             730          (6) For purposes of Subsection (3), parent-time is in the best interests of a minor unless
             731      the court makes a finding that it is necessary to deny parent-time in order to:
             732          (a) protect the physical safety of the minor;
             733          (b) protect the life of the minor; or
             734          (c) prevent the minor from being traumatized by contact with the parent due to the
             735      minor's fear of the parent in light of the nature of the alleged abuse or neglect.
             736          (7) Notwithstanding Subsection (3), a court may not deny parent-time based solely on a
             737      parent's failure to:
             738          (a) prove that the parent has not used legal or illegal substances; or


             739          (b) comply with an aspect of the child and family plan that is ordered by the court.
             740          (8) In addition to the primary permanency goal, the court shall establish a concurrent
             741      permanency goal that shall include:
             742          (a) a representative list of the conditions under which the primary permanency goal
             743      will be abandoned in favor of the concurrent permanency goal; and
             744          (b) an explanation of the effect of abandoning or modifying the primary permanency
             745      goal.
             746          (9) A permanency hearing shall be conducted in accordance with Subsection
             747      78A-6-314 (1)(b) within 30 days after the day on which the dispositional hearing ends if
             748      something other than reunification is initially established as a minor's primary permanency
             749      goal.
             750          (10) (a) The court may amend a minor's primary permanency goal before the
             751      establishment of a final permanency plan under Section 78A-6-314 .
             752          (b) The court is not limited to the terms of the concurrent permanency goal in the event
             753      that the primary permanency goal is abandoned.
             754          (c) If, at any time, the court determines that reunification is no longer a minor's primary
             755      permanency goal, the court shall conduct a permanency hearing in accordance with Section
             756      78A-6-314 on or before the earlier of:
             757          (i) 30 days after the day on which the court makes the determination described in this
             758      Subsection (10)(c); or
             759          (ii) the day on which the provision of reunification services, described in Section
             760      78A-6-314 , ends.
             761          (11) (a) If the court determines that reunification services are appropriate, it shall order
             762      that the division make reasonable efforts to provide services to the minor and the minor's
             763      parent for the purpose of facilitating reunification of the family, for a specified period of time.
             764          (b) In providing the services described in Subsection (11)(a), the minor's health, safety,
             765      and welfare shall be the division's paramount concern, and the court shall so order.
             766          (12) (a) The court shall:
             767          [(a)] (i) determine whether the services offered or provided by the division under the
             768      child and family plan constitute "reasonable efforts" on the part of the division;
             769          [(b)] (ii) determine and define the responsibilities of the parent under the child and


             770      family plan in accordance with Subsection 62A-4a-205 (6)(e); and
             771          [(c)] (iii) identify verbally on the record, or in a written document provided to the
             772      parties, the responsibilities described in Subsection (12)[(b)](a)(ii), for the purpose of assisting
             773      in any future determination regarding the provision of reasonable efforts, in accordance with
             774      state and federal law.
             775          (b) If the parent is in a substance abuse treatment program, other than a certified drug
             776      court program:
             777          (i) the court may order the parent to submit to supplementary drug or alcohol testing in
             778      addition to the testing recommended by the parent's substance abuse program based on a
             779      finding of reasonable suspicion that the parent is abusing drugs or alcohol; and
             780          (ii) the court may order the parent to provide the results of drug or alcohol testing
             781      recommended by the substance abuse program to the court or division.
             782          (13) (a) The time period for reunification services may not exceed 12 months from the
             783      date that the minor was initially removed from the minor's home, unless the time period is
             784      extended under Subsection 78A-6-314 (8).
             785          (b) Nothing in this section may be construed to entitle any parent to an entire 12
             786      months of reunification services.
             787          (14) (a) If reunification services are ordered, the court may terminate those services at
             788      any time.
             789          (b) If, at any time, continuation of reasonable efforts to reunify a minor is determined
             790      to be inconsistent with the final permanency plan for the minor established pursuant to Section
             791      78A-6-314 , then measures shall be taken, in a timely manner, to:
             792          (i) place the minor in accordance with the permanency plan; and
             793          (ii) complete whatever steps are necessary to finalize the permanent placement of the
             794      minor.
             795          (15) Any physical custody of the minor by the parent or a relative during the period
             796      described in Subsections (11) through (14) does not interrupt the running of the period.
             797          (16) (a) If reunification services are ordered, a permanency hearing shall be conducted
             798      by the court in accordance with Section 78A-6-314 at the expiration of the time period for
             799      reunification services.
             800          (b) The permanency hearing shall be held no later than 12 months after the original


             801      removal of the minor.
             802          (c) If reunification services are not ordered, a permanency hearing shall be conducted
             803      within 30 days, in accordance with Section 78A-6-314 .
             804          (17) With regard to a minor who is 36 months of age or younger at the time the minor
             805      is initially removed from the home, the court shall:
             806          (a) hold a permanency hearing eight months after the date of the initial removal,
             807      pursuant to Section 78A-6-314 ; and
             808          (b) order the discontinuance of those services after eight months from the initial
             809      removal of the minor from the home if the parent or parents have not made substantial efforts
             810      to comply with the child and family plan.
             811          (18) With regard to a minor in the custody of the division whose parent or parents are
             812      ordered to receive reunification services but who have abandoned that minor for a period of six
             813      months from the date that reunification services were ordered:
             814          (a) the court shall terminate reunification services; and
             815          (b) the division shall petition the court for termination of parental rights.
             816          (19) When a court conducts a permanency hearing for a minor under Section
             817      78A-6-314 , the court shall attempt to keep the minor's sibling group together if keeping the
             818      sibling group together is:
             819          (a) practicable; and
             820          (b) in accordance with the best interest of the minor.
             821          (20) (a) Because of the state's interest in and responsibility to protect and provide
             822      permanency for minors who are abused, neglected, or dependent, the Legislature finds that a
             823      parent's interest in receiving reunification services is limited.
             824          (b) The court may determine that:
             825          (i) efforts to reunify a minor with the minor's family are not reasonable or appropriate,
             826      based on the individual circumstances; and
             827          (ii) reunification services should not be provided.
             828          (c) In determining "reasonable efforts" to be made with respect to a minor, and in
             829      making "reasonable efforts," the minor's health, safety, and welfare shall be the paramount
             830      concern.
             831          (21) There is a presumption that reunification services should not be provided to a


             832      parent if the court finds, by clear and convincing evidence, that any of the following
             833      circumstances exist:
             834          (a) the whereabouts of the parents are unknown, based upon a verified affidavit
             835      indicating that a reasonably diligent search has failed to locate the parent;
             836          (b) subject to Subsection (22)(a), the parent is suffering from a mental illness of such
             837      magnitude that it renders the parent incapable of utilizing reunification services;
             838          (c) the minor was previously adjudicated as an abused child due to physical abuse,
             839      sexual abuse, or sexual exploitation, and following the adjudication the minor:
             840          (i) was removed from the custody of the minor's parent;
             841          (ii) was subsequently returned to the custody of the parent; and
             842          (iii) is being removed due to additional physical abuse, sexual abuse, or sexual
             843      exploitation;
             844          (d) the parent:
             845          (i) caused the death of another minor through abuse or neglect;
             846          (ii) committed, aided, abetted, attempted, conspired, or solicited to commit:
             847          (A) murder or manslaughter of a child; or
             848          (B) child abuse homicide;
             849          (iii) committed sexual abuse against the child; or
             850          (iv) is a registered sex offender or required to register as a sex offender;
             851          (e) the minor suffered severe abuse by the parent or by any person known by the
             852      parent, if the parent knew or reasonably should have known that the person was abusing the
             853      minor;
             854          (f) the minor is adjudicated an abused child as a result of severe abuse by the parent,
             855      and the court finds that it would not benefit the minor to pursue reunification services with the
             856      offending parent;
             857          (g) the parent's rights are terminated with regard to any other minor;
             858          (h) the minor [is] was removed from the minor's home on at least two previous
             859      occasions and reunification services were offered or provided to the family at those times;
             860          (i) the parent has abandoned the minor for a period of six months or longer;
             861          (j) the parent permitted the child to reside, on a permanent or temporary basis, at a
             862      location where the parent knew or should have known that a clandestine laboratory operation


             863      was located;
             864          (k) except as provided in Subsection (22)(b), with respect to a parent who is the child's
             865      birth mother, the child has fetal alcohol syndrome, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, or was
             866      exposed to an illegal or prescription drug that was abused by the child's mother while the child
             867      was in utero, if the child was taken into division custody for that reason, unless the mother
             868      agrees to enroll in, is currently enrolled in, or has recently and successfully completed a
             869      substance abuse treatment program approved by the department; or
             870          (l) any other circumstance that the court determines should preclude reunification
             871      efforts or services.
             872          (22) (a) The finding under Subsection (21)(b) shall be based on competent evidence
             873      from at least two medical or mental health professionals, who are not associates, establishing
             874      that, even with the provision of services, the parent is not likely to be capable of adequately
             875      caring for the minor within 12 months after the day on which the court finding is made.
             876          (b) A judge may disregard the provisions of Subsection (21)(k) if the court finds, under
             877      the circumstances of the case, that the substance abuse treatment described in Subsection
             878      (21)(k) is not warranted.
             879          (23) In determining whether reunification services are appropriate, the court shall take
             880      into consideration:
             881          (a) failure of the parent to respond to previous services or comply with a previous child
             882      and family plan;
             883          (b) the fact that the minor was abused while the parent was under the influence of
             884      drugs or alcohol;
             885          (c) any history of violent behavior directed at the child or an immediate family
             886      member;
             887          (d) whether a parent continues to live with an individual who abused the minor;
             888          (e) any patterns of the parent's behavior that have exposed the minor to repeated abuse;
             889          (f) testimony by a competent professional that the parent's behavior is unlikely to be
             890      successful; and
             891          (g) whether the parent has expressed an interest in reunification with the minor.
             892          (24) (a) If reunification services are not ordered pursuant to Subsections (20) through
             893      (22), and the whereabouts of a parent become known within six months after the day on which


             894      the out-of-home placement of the minor is made, the court may order the division to provide
             895      reunification services.
             896          (b) The time limits described in Subsections (2) through (19) are not tolled by the
             897      parent's absence.
             898          (25) (a) If a parent is incarcerated or institutionalized, the court shall order reasonable
             899      services unless it determines that those services would be detrimental to the minor.
             900          (b) In making the determination described in Subsection (25)(a), the court shall
             901      consider:
             902          (i) the age of the minor;
             903          (ii) the degree of parent-child bonding;
             904          (iii) the length of the sentence;
             905          (iv) the nature of the treatment;
             906          (v) the nature of the crime or illness;
             907          (vi) the degree of detriment to the minor if services are not offered;
             908          (vii) for a minor 10 years of age or older, the minor's attitude toward the
             909      implementation of family reunification services; and
             910          (viii) any other appropriate factors.
             911          (c) Reunification services for an incarcerated parent are subject to the time limitations
             912      imposed in Subsections (2) through (19).
             913          (d) Reunification services for an institutionalized parent are subject to the time
             914      limitations imposed in Subsections (2) through (19), unless the court determines that continued
             915      reunification services would be in the minor's best interest.
             916          (26) If, pursuant to Subsections (21)(b) through (l), the court does not order
             917      reunification services, a permanency hearing shall be conducted within 30 days, in accordance
             918      with Section 78A-6-314 .
             919          Section 8. Section 78A-6-511 is amended to read:
             920           78A-6-511. Court disposition of child upon termination -- Posttermination
             921      reunification.
             922          (1) As used in this section, "relative" means:
             923          (a) an adult who is a grandparent, great-grandparent, aunt, great aunt, uncle, great
             924      uncle, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, stepparent, first cousin, sibling, or stepsibling of a child;


             925      and
             926          (b) in the case of a child defined as an "Indian" under the Indian Child Welfare Act, 25
             927      U.S.C. Sec. 1903, "relative" also means an "extended family member" as defined by that
             928      statute.
             929          (2) Upon entry of an order under this part the court may:
             930          (a) place the child in the legal custody and guardianship of a licensed child placement
             931      agency or the division for adoption; or
             932          (b) make any other disposition of the child authorized under Section 78A-6-117 .
             933          (3) Subject to the requirements of Subsections (4) and (5), all adoptable children
             934      placed in the custody of the division shall be placed for adoption.
             935          (4) If the parental rights of all parents of an adoptable child placed in the custody of the
             936      division have been terminated and a suitable adoptive placement is not already available, the
             937      court:
             938          (a) shall determine whether there is a relative who desires to adopt the child;
             939          (b) may order the division to conduct a reasonable search to determine whether there
             940      are relatives who are willing to adopt the child; and
             941          (c) shall, if a relative desires to adopt the child:
             942          (i) make a specific finding regarding the fitness of the relative to adopt the child; and
             943          (ii) place the child for adoption with that relative unless it finds that adoption by the
             944      relative is not in the best interest of the child.
             945          (5) This section does not guarantee that a relative will be permitted to adopt the child.
             946          (6) A parent whose rights were terminated under this part, or a relative of the child, as
             947      defined by Section 78A-6-307 , may petition for guardianship of the child if:
             948          (a) (i) following an adoptive placement, the child's adoptive parent returns the child to
             949      the custody of the division; or
             950          (ii) the child is in the custody of the division for one year following the day on which
             951      the parent's rights were terminated, and no permanent placement has been found or is likely to
             952      be found; and
             953          (b) reunification with the child's parent, or guardianship by the child's relative, is in the
             954      best interest of the child.
             955          Section 9. Section 78A-6-511.1 is enacted to read:


             956          78A-6-511.1. Posttermination reunification study item.
             957          (1) The division shall study the potential of creating a posttermination of parental
             958      rights reunification system, and present any viable proposals to the Health and Human Service
             959      Interim Committee during the 2013 interim.
             960          (2) In creating the proposals described in Subsection(1), the division shall consider the
             961      best interest of the child standard and the fundamental rights of parents.
             962          Section 10. Section 78A-6-513 is amended to read:
             963           78A-6-513. Effect of decree.
             964          (1) [An] Except as provided in Subsection 78A-6-511 (6), an order for the termination
             965      of the parent-child legal relationship divests the child and the parents of all legal rights, powers,
             966      immunities, duties, and obligations with respect to each other, except the right of the child to
             967      inherit from the parent.
             968          (2) An order or decree entered pursuant to this part may not disentitle a child to any
             969      benefit due [him] the child from any third person, including, but not limited to, any Indian
             970      tribe, agency, state, or the United States.
             971          (3) [After] Except as provided in Subsection 78A-6-511 (6), after the termination of a
             972      parent-child legal relationship, the former parent is neither entitled to any notice of proceedings
             973      for the adoption of the child nor has any right to object to the adoption or to participate in any
             974      other placement proceedings.
             975          Section 11. Section 78A-6-1106 is amended to read:
             976           78A-6-1106. Child support obligation when custody of a child is vested in an
             977      individual or institution.
             978          (1) [When] Except as provided in Subsection (11), when legal custody of a child is
             979      vested by the court in a secure youth corrections facility or any other state department, division,
             980      or agency other than the child's parents, or if the guardianship of the child has been granted to
             981      another party and an agreement for a guardianship subsidy has been signed by the guardian, the
             982      court shall order the parents, a parent, or any other obligated person to pay child support for
             983      each month the child is in custody. In the same proceeding the court shall inform the parents, a
             984      parent, or any other obligated person, verbally and in writing, of the requirement to pay child
             985      support in accordance with Title 78B, Chapter 12, Utah Child Support Act.
             986          (2) If legal custody of a child is vested by the court in a secure youth corrections


             987      facility, or any other state department, division, or agency, the court may refer the
             988      establishment of a child support order to the Office of Recovery Services. The referral shall be
             989      sent to the Office of Recovery Services within three working days of the hearing. Support
             990      obligation amounts shall be set by the Office of Recovery Services in accordance with Title
             991      78B, Chapter 12, Utah Child Support Act.
             992          (3) If referred to the Office of Recovery Services pursuant to Subsection (2), the court
             993      shall also inform the parties that they are required to contact the Office of Recovery Services
             994      within 30 days of the date of the hearing to establish a child support order and the penalty in
             995      Subsection (5) for failing to do so. If there is no existing child support order for the child, the
             996      liability for support shall accrue beginning on the 61st day following the hearing that occurs the
             997      first time the court vests custody of the child in a secure youth corrections facility, or any other
             998      state department, division, or agency other than [his] the child's parents.
             999          (4) If a child is returned home and legal custody is subsequently vested by the court in
             1000      a secure youth corrections facility or any other state department, division, or agency other than
             1001      [his] the child's parents, the liability for support shall accrue from the date the child is
             1002      subsequently removed from the home, including time spent in detention or sheltered care.
             1003          (5) (a) If the parents, parent, or other obligated person meets with the Office of
             1004      Recovery Services within 30 days of the date of the hearing, the child support order may not
             1005      include a judgment for past due support for more than two months.
             1006          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (5)(a), the court may order the liability of support to
             1007      begin to accrue from the date of the proceeding referenced in Subsection (1) if:
             1008          (i) the parents, parent, or any other person obligated fails to meet with the Office of
             1009      Recovery Services within 30 days after being informed orally and in writing by the court of that
             1010      requirement; and
             1011          (ii) the Office of Recovery Services took reasonable steps under the circumstances to
             1012      contact the parents, parent, or other person obligated within the subsequent 30-day period to
             1013      facilitate the establishment of the child support order.
             1014          (c) For purposes of Subsection (5)(b)(ii), the Office of Recovery Services shall be
             1015      presumed to have taken reasonable steps if the office:
             1016          (i) has a signed, returned receipt for a certified letter mailed to the address of the
             1017      parents, parent, or other obligated person regarding the requirement that a child support order


             1018      be established; or
             1019          (ii) has had a documented conversation, whether by telephone or in person, with the
             1020      parents, parent, or other obligated person regarding the requirement that a child support order
             1021      be established.
             1022          (6) In collecting arrears, the Office of Recovery Services shall comply with Section
             1023      62A-11-320 in setting a payment schedule or demanding payment in full.
             1024          (7) Unless otherwise ordered, the parents or other person shall pay the child support to
             1025      the Office of Recovery Services. The clerk of the court, the Office of Recovery Services, or the
             1026      Department of Human Services and its divisions shall have authority to receive periodic
             1027      payments for the care and maintenance of the child, such as Social Security payments or
             1028      railroad retirement payments made in the name of or for the benefit of the child.
             1029          (8) No court order under this section against a parent or other person shall be entered,
             1030      unless notice of hearing has been served within the state, a voluntary appearance is made, or a
             1031      waiver of service given. The notice shall specify that a hearing with respect to the financial
             1032      support of the child will be held.
             1033          (9) An existing child support order payable to a parent or other obligated person shall
             1034      be assigned to the Department of Human Services as provided in Section 62A-1-117 .
             1035          (10) (a) Subsections (3) through (9) shall not apply if legal custody of a child is vested
             1036      by the court in an individual.
             1037          (b) If legal custody of a child is vested by the court in an individual, the court may
             1038      order the parents, a parent, or any other obligated person to pay child support to the individual.
             1039      In the same proceeding the court shall inform the parents, a parent, or any other obligated
             1040      person, verbally and in writing, of the requirement to pay child support in accordance with
             1041      Title 78B, Chapter 12, Utah Child Support Act.
             1042          (11) (a) The court may not order the parent or any other obligated person to pay child
             1043      support for a child in state custody if:
             1044          (i) the parent or other obligated person's only form of income is a government-issued
             1045      disability benefit; and
             1046          (ii) the benefit described in Subsection (11)(a)(i) is issued because of the parent or
             1047      other person's disability, and not the child's disability.
             1048          (b) If a person seeks to be excused from providing support under Subsection (11)(a),


             1049      the person shall provide the court and the Office of Recovery Services with evidence that the
             1050      person meets the requirements of Subsection (11)(a).
             1051          Section 12. Section 78B-7-106 (Effective 07/01/13) is amended to read:
             1052           78B-7-106 (Effective 07/01/13). Protective orders -- Ex parte protective orders --
             1053      Modification of orders -- Service of process -- Duties of the court.
             1054          (1) If it appears from a petition for an order for protection or a petition to modify an
             1055      order for protection that domestic violence or abuse has occurred or a modification of an order
             1056      for protection is required, a court may:
             1057          (a) without notice, immediately issue an order for protection ex parte or modify an
             1058      order for protection ex parte as it considers necessary to protect the petitioner and all parties
             1059      named to be protected in the petition; or
             1060          (b) upon notice, issue an order for protection or modify an order after a hearing,
             1061      whether or not the respondent appears.
             1062          (2) A court may grant the following relief without notice in an order for protection or a
             1063      modification issued ex parte:
             1064          (a) enjoin the respondent from threatening to commit or committing domestic violence
             1065      or abuse against the petitioner and any designated family or household member;
             1066          (b) prohibit the respondent from harassing, telephoning, contacting, or otherwise
             1067      communicating with the petitioner, directly or indirectly;
             1068          (c) order that the respondent is excluded from the petitioner's residence and its
             1069      premises, and order the respondent to stay away from the residence, school, or place of
             1070      employment of the petitioner, and the premises of any of these, or any specified place
             1071      frequented by the petitioner and any designated family or household member;
             1072          (d) upon finding that the respondent's use or possession of a weapon may pose a
             1073      serious threat of harm to the petitioner, prohibit the respondent from purchasing, using, or
             1074      possessing a firearm or other weapon specified by the court;
             1075          (e) order possession and use of an automobile and other essential personal effects, and
             1076      direct the appropriate law enforcement officer to accompany the petitioner to the residence of
             1077      the parties to ensure that the petitioner is safely restored to possession of the residence,
             1078      automobile, and other essential personal effects, or to supervise the petitioner's or respondent's
             1079      removal of personal belongings;


             1080          (f) grant to the petitioner temporary custody of any minor children of the parties;
             1081          (g) order the appointment of a [private attorney] guardian ad litem under Section
             1082      [ 78A-2-228 ] 78A-2-227.1 , if appropriate;
             1083          (h) order any further relief that the court considers necessary to provide for the safety
             1084      and welfare of the petitioner and any designated family or household member; and
             1085          (i) if the petition requests child support or spousal support, at the hearing on the
             1086      petition order both parties to provide verification of current income, including year-to-date pay
             1087      stubs or employer statements of year-to-date or other period of earnings, as specified by the
             1088      court, and complete copies of tax returns from at least the most recent year.
             1089          (3) A court may grant the following relief in an order for protection or a modification
             1090      of an order after notice and hearing, whether or not the respondent appears:
             1091          (a) grant the relief described in Subsection (2); and
             1092          (b) specify arrangements for parent-time of any minor child by the respondent and
             1093      require supervision of that parent-time by a third party or deny parent-time if necessary to
             1094      protect the safety of the petitioner or child.
             1095          (4) Following the protective order hearing, the court shall:
             1096          (a) as soon as possible, deliver the order to the county sheriff for service of process;
             1097          (b) make reasonable efforts to ensure that the order for protection is understood by the
             1098      petitioner, and the respondent, if present;
             1099          (c) transmit electronically, by the end of the next business day after the order is issued,
             1100      a copy of the order for protection to the local law enforcement agency or agencies designated
             1101      by the petitioner; and
             1102          (d) transmit a copy of the order to the statewide domestic violence network described
             1103      in Section 78B-7-113 .
             1104          (5) (a) Each protective order shall include two separate portions, one for provisions, the
             1105      violation of which are criminal offenses, and one for provisions, the violation of which are civil
             1106      violations, as follows:
             1107          (i) criminal offenses are those under Subsections (2)(a) through (e), and under
             1108      Subsection (3)(a) as it refers to Subsections (2)(a) through (e); and
             1109          (ii) civil offenses are those under Subsections (2)(f), (h), and (i), and Subsection (3)(a)
             1110      as it refers to Subsections (2)(f), (h), and (i).


             1111          (b) The criminal provision portion shall include a statement that violation of any
             1112      criminal provision is a class A misdemeanor.
             1113          (c) The civil provision portion shall include a notice that violation of or failure to
             1114      comply with a civil provision is subject to contempt proceedings.
             1115          (6) The protective order shall include:
             1116          (a) a designation of a specific date, determined by the court, when the civil portion of
             1117      the protective order either expires or is scheduled for review by the court, which date may not
             1118      exceed 150 days after the date the order is issued, unless the court indicates on the record the
             1119      reason for setting a date beyond 150 days;
             1120          (b) information the petitioner is able to provide to facilitate identification of the
             1121      respondent, such as Social Security number, driver license number, date of birth, address,
             1122      telephone number, and physical description; and
             1123          (c) a statement advising the petitioner that:
             1124          (i) after two years from the date of issuance of the protective order, a hearing may be
             1125      held to dismiss the criminal portion of the protective order;
             1126          (ii) the petitioner should, within the 30 days prior to the end of the two-year period,
             1127      advise the court of the petitioner's current address for notice of any hearing; and
             1128          (iii) the address provided by the petitioner will not be made available to the respondent.
             1129          (7) Child support and spouse support orders issued as part of a protective order are
             1130      subject to mandatory income withholding under Title 62A, Chapter 11, Part 4, Income
             1131      Withholding in IV-D Cases, and Title 62A, Chapter 11, Part 5, Income Withholding in Non
             1132      IV-D Cases, except when the protective order is issued ex parte.
             1133          (8) (a) The county sheriff that receives the order from the court, pursuant to Subsection
             1134      (5)(a), shall provide expedited service for orders for protection issued in accordance with this
             1135      chapter, and shall transmit verification of service of process, when the order has been served, to
             1136      the statewide domestic violence network described in Section 78B-7-113 .
             1137          (b) This section does not prohibit any law enforcement agency from providing service
             1138      of process if that law enforcement agency:
             1139          (i) has contact with the respondent and service by that law enforcement agency is
             1140      possible; or
             1141          (ii) determines that under the circumstances, providing service of process on the


             1142      respondent is in the best interests of the petitioner.
             1143          (9) (a) When an order is served on a respondent in a jail or other holding facility, the
             1144      law enforcement agency managing the facility shall make a reasonable effort to provide notice
             1145      to the petitioner at the time the respondent is released from incarceration.
             1146          (b) Notification of the petitioner shall consist of a good faith reasonable effort to
             1147      provide notification, including mailing a copy of the notification to the last-known address of
             1148      the victim.
             1149          (10) A court may modify or vacate an order of protection or any provisions in the order
             1150      after notice and hearing, except that the criminal provisions of a protective order may not be
             1151      vacated within two years of issuance unless the petitioner:
             1152          (a) is personally served with notice of the hearing as provided in Rules 4 and 5, Utah
             1153      Rules of Civil Procedure, and the petitioner personally appears before the court and gives
             1154      specific consent to the vacation of the criminal provisions of the protective order; or
             1155          (b) submits a verified affidavit, stating agreement to the vacation of the criminal
             1156      provisions of the protective order.
             1157          (11) A protective order may be modified without a showing of substantial and material
             1158      change in circumstances.
             1159          (12) Insofar as the provisions of this chapter are more specific than the Utah Rules of
             1160      Civil Procedure, regarding protective orders, the provisions of this chapter govern.
             1161          Section 13. Section 78B-7-202 (Effective 07/01/13) is amended to read:
             1162           78B-7-202 (Effective 07/01/13). Petition -- Ex parte determination -- Guardian ad
             1163      litem -- Referral to division.
             1164          (1) Any interested person may file a petition for a protective order on behalf of a child
             1165      who is being abused or is in imminent danger of being abused. The petitioner shall first make
             1166      a referral to the division.
             1167          (2) Upon the filing of a petition, the clerk of the court shall:
             1168          (a) review the records of the juvenile court, the district court, and the management
             1169      information system of the division to find any petitions, orders, or investigations related to the
             1170      child or the parties to the case;
             1171          (b) request the records of any law enforcement agency identified by the petitioner as
             1172      having investigated abuse of the child; and


             1173          (c) identify and obtain any other background information that may be of assistance to
             1174      the court.
             1175          (3) Upon the filing of a petition, the court shall immediately determine, based on the
             1176      evidence and information presented, whether the minor is being abused or is in imminent
             1177      danger of being abused. If so, the court shall enter an ex parte child protective order.
             1178          (4) The court may appoint a [private] attorney guardian ad litem under Section
             1179      [ 78A-2-228 ] 78A-2-227.1 for district court cases, or the Office of Guardian ad Litem for
             1180      juvenile court cases under Section 78A-6-902 , for the child who is the subject of the petition.
             1181          Section 14. Effective date.
             1182          (1) Except as provided in Subsections (2) and (3), this bill takes effect on May 14,
             1183      2013.
             1184          (2) The actions affecting the following sections take effect on July 1, 2013:
             1185          (a) Section 78A-6-227.1 ;
             1186          (b) Section 78B-7-106 ; and
             1187          (c) Section 78A-7-202 .
             1188          (3) The actions affecting the following sections take effect on July 1, 2014:
             1189          (a) Section 78A-6-511 ; and
             1190          (b) Section 78A-6-513 .


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