H.B. 149

             1     

AMENDMENTS TO FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT

             2     
LIMITATIONS

             3     
2014 GENERAL SESSION

             4     
STATE OF UTAH

             5     
Chief Sponsor: Michael E. Noel

             6     
Senate Sponsor: David P. Hinkins

             7     
             8      LONG TITLE
             9      General Description:
             10          This bill modifies the Public Safety Code regarding the authority of federal, state, and
             11      local law enforcement officers.
             12      Highlighted Provisions:
             13          This bill:
             14          .    modifies current law regarding state and local law enforcement officers' recognition
             15      of law enforcement authority by federal agencies and employees;
             16          .    defines the exercise of law enforcement authority, including on state land, private
             17      land, and federal land;
             18          .    defines federal employee for the purposes of this bill;
             19          .    defines proprietary jurisdiction of federally managed land;
             20          .    describes when state and local law enforcement officers may recognize a federal
             21      employee's exercise of law enforcement authority;
             22          .    describes the scope of law enforcement action as it relates to the federal
             23      Assimilative Crimes Act, and proprietary jurisdiction federally managed land;
             24          .    provides that state and local law enforcement officers may not recognize a federal
             25      employee's exercise of law enforcement authority when the exercise is based on a
             26      state or local law or ordinance;
             27          .    authorizes state and local law enforcement to assist a federal agency or employee


             28      under specified circumstances;
             29          .    addresses federal authority on federally managed land regarding violation of a state
             30      or local law in the case of an emergency;
             31          .    prohibits a federal agency's use of state or local law enforcement correctional or
             32      communication facilities without consent of the state or local law enforcement
             33      agency;
             34          .    provides procedures, requirements, and duration regarding entering into agreements
             35      with federal employees to exercise law enforcement powers regarding state and
             36      federal law; and
             37          .    requires that county sheriffs regularly review the duties and activities of federal
             38      agencies that have law enforcement responsibilities and are acting within the
             39      jurisdictional area of a county.
             40      Money Appropriated in this Bill:
             41          None
             42      Other Special Clauses:
             43          None
             44      Utah Code Sections Affected:
             45      AMENDS:
             46           53-13-106 , as last amended by Laws of Utah 2013, First Special Session, Chapter 4
             47      ENACTS:
             48           53-13-106.1 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             49           53-13-106.2 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             50           53-13-106.3 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             51           53-13-106.4 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             52           53-13-106.6 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             53           53-13-106.7 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             54           53-13-106.8 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             55           53-13-106.9 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             56           53-13-106.10 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             57     
             58      Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:


             59          Section 1. Section 53-13-106 is amended to read:
             60           53-13-106. Federal officers -- State law enforcement authority.
             61          (1) (a) "Federal officer" includes:
             62          (i) a special agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation;
             63          (ii) a special agent of the United States Secret Service;
             64          (iii) a special agent of the United States Department of Homeland Security, excluding a
             65      customs inspector or detention removal officer;
             66          (iv) a special agent of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms;
             67          (v) a special agent of the Drug Enforcement Administration;
             68          (vi) a United States marshal, deputy marshal, and special deputy United States marshal;
             69      and
             70          (vii) a U.S. postal inspector of the United States Postal Inspection Service.
             71          (b) (i) Federal officers listed in Subsection (1)(a) have statewide law enforcement
             72      authority relating to felony offenses under the laws of this state. This Subsection (1)(b)(i) takes
             73      precedence over Subsection (2).
             74          (ii) [Federal] Subject to Sections 53-13-106.1 through 53-13-106.10 , state and local
             75      law enforcement officers are authorized to recognize the exercise of law enforcement authority
             76      by federal agencies and federal employees [may exercise law enforcement authority related to
             77      misdemeanor and felony offenses under Utah law only as established by an agreement] as
             78      defined in Section 53-13-106.1 . This Subsection (1)(b)(ii) takes precedence over Subsection
             79      (2).
             80          (c) The council may designate other federal peace officers, as necessary, if the officers:
             81          (i) are persons employed full-time by the United States government as federally
             82      recognized law enforcement officers primarily responsible for the investigation and
             83      enforcement of the federal laws;
             84          (ii) have successfully completed formal law enforcement training offered by an agency
             85      of the federal government consisting of not less than 400 hours; and
             86          (iii) maintain in-service training in accordance with the standards set forth in Section
             87      53-13-103 .
             88          (2) Except as otherwise provided under Title 63L, Chapter 1, Federal Jurisdiction, and
             89      Title 77, Chapter 9, Uniform Act on Fresh Pursuit, a federal officer may exercise state law


             90      enforcement authority only if:
             91          (a) the state law enforcement agencies and county sheriffs with jurisdiction enter into
             92      an agreement with the federal agency to be given authority; and
             93          (b) except as provided in Subsection (3), each federal officer employed by the federal
             94      agency meets the waiver requirements set forth in Section 53-6-206 .
             95          (3) A federal officer working as such in the state on or before July 1, 1995, may
             96      exercise state law enforcement authority without meeting the waiver requirement.
             97          (4) At any time, consistent with any contract with a federal agency, a state or local law
             98      enforcement authority may withdraw state law enforcement authority from any individual
             99      federal officer by sending written notice to the federal agency and to the division.
             100          (5) The authority of a federal officer under this section is limited to the jurisdiction of
             101      the authorizing state or local agency, and may be further limited by the state or local agency to
             102      enforcing specific statutes, codes, or ordinances.
             103          Section 2. Section 53-13-106.1 is enacted to read:
             104          53-13-106.1. State and local law enforcement officers and federal employees --
             105      Definitions.
             106          As used in this section and in Sections 53-13-106.2 through 53-13-106.10 :
             107          (1) "Exercise law enforcement authority" and "exercise of law enforcement authority"
             108      means:
             109          (a) to take any action on private land, state-owned land, or federally managed land, to
             110      investigate, stop, serve process, search, arrest, cite, book, or incarcerate a person for a federal,
             111      state, or local criminal violation when the action is based on:
             112          (i) a federal statute, regulation, or rule;
             113          (ii) a state or local statute, ordinance, regulation, or rule; or
             114          (iii) a state or local statute, ordinance, regulation, or rule that is being enforced by a
             115      federal agency pursuant to the Assimilative Crimes Act, 18 U.S.C. Sec. 13; or
             116          (b) to gain access to or use the correctional or communication facilities and equipment
             117      of any state or local law enforcement agency.
             118          (2) "Federal agency" means a federal agency that manages federally managed land or
             119      regulates activities on that land, including:
             120          (a) the United States Bureau of Land Management;


             121          (b) the United States Forest Service;
             122          (c) the National Park Service;
             123          (d) the United States Fish and Wildlife Service;
             124          (e) the United States Bureau of Reclamation;
             125          (f) the United States Environmental Protection Agency; and
             126          (g) the United States Army Corps of Engineers.
             127          (3) "Federal employee" means an employee or other agent of a federal agency, but does
             128      not include:
             129          (a) a special agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation;
             130          (b) a special agent of the United States Secret Service;
             131          (c) a special agent of the United States Department of Homeland Security, unless the
             132      employee is a customs inspector or detention removal officer;
             133          (d) a special agent of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives;
             134          (e) a special agent of the United States Drug Enforcement Administration;
             135          (f) a United States marshal, deputy marshal, or special deputy United States marshal; or
             136          (g) a United States postal inspector of the United States Postal Inspection Service.
             137          (4) "Federally managed land" means land managed by the following federal agencies:
             138          (a) the United States Bureau of Land Management;
             139          (b) the United States Forest Service;
             140          (c) the National Park Service;
             141          (d) the United States Fish and Wildlife Service; and
             142          (e) the United States Bureau of Reclamation.
             143          (5) "Proprietary jurisdiction federally managed land" means all federally managed land
             144      as defined in this section except:
             145          (a) buildings, installations, and other structures under the exclusive jurisdiction of the
             146      Congress of the United States pursuant to the United States Constitution, Article I, Section 8,
             147      Clause 17; and
             148          (b) parcels that constitute federal enclaves subject to the concurrent jurisdiction of the
             149      United States and the state of Utah.
             150          Section 3. Section 53-13-106.2 is enacted to read:
             151          53-13-106.2. State and local law enforcement officers and federal employees --


             152      Exercise of federal law enforcement authority when based on a federal enactment.
             153          Subject to Sections 53-13-106.6 , 53-13-106.7 , and 53-13-106.9 :
             154          (1) State and local law enforcement officers are authorized to recognize a federal
             155      employee's exercise of law enforcement authority, either on or off federally managed land, only
             156      when the exercise is consistent with the Constitution of the United States and based on:
             157          (a) a federal statute other than the Assimilative Crimes Act, 18 U.S.C. Sec. 13; or
             158          (b) a federal regulation that is authorized by a federal statute other than the
             159      Assimilative Crimes Act, 18 U.S.C. Sec. 13.
             160          (2) Notwithstanding Subsection 53-13-106.2 (1), state and local law enforcement
             161      officers are authorized to recognize a federal employee's exercise of law enforcement authority,
             162      on federally managed land other than proprietary jurisdiction federally managed land, only
             163      when the exercise is consistent with the Constitution of the United States and based on:
             164          (a) a federal statute, including the Assimilative Crimes Act, 18 U.S.C. Sec. 13; or
             165          (b) a federal regulation that is authorized by a federal statute including the Assimilative
             166      Crimes Act, 18 U.S.C. Sec. 13.
             167          Section 4. Section 53-13-106.3 is enacted to read:
             168          53-13-106.3. State and local law enforcement officers and federal employees --
             169      Exercise of federal law enforcement authority when based on a state or local enactment.
             170          Subject to Sections 53-13-106.7 and 53-13-106.9 , state and local law enforcement
             171      officers are not authorized to recognize a federal employee's exercise of law enforcement
             172      authority, either on or off federally managed land, when the exercise is based on a state or local
             173      statute, ordinance, regulation, or rule.
             174          Section 5. Section 53-13-106.4 is enacted to read:
             175          53-13-106.4. State and local law enforcement officers and federal employees --
             176      Enforcement of federal laws and regulations by state and local officers.
             177          A state or local law enforcement agency is authorized to assist a federal agency or
             178      federal employee to enforce federal statutes and regulations on lands managed pursuant to 43
             179      U.S.C. Secs. 1701-1736 and Secs. 1737-1782, Federal Land Policy Management Act, only
             180      after:
             181          (1) the United States secretary of the interior has achieved maximum feasible reliance
             182      upon the state or local law enforcement officials in enforcing federal laws and regulations, as


             183      required under 43 U.S.C. Sec. 1733(c)(1);
             184          (2) the United States secretary of the interior has otherwise complied with the
             185      requirement of 43 U.S.C. Sec. 1733(c)(1); and
             186          (3) the state or local law enforcement agency has complied with Section 53-13-106.9 .
             187          Section 6. Section 53-13-106.6 is enacted to read:
             188          53-13-106.6. State and local law enforcement officers and federal employees --
             189      Exercise of federal law enforcement authority to enforce the Federal Land Policy
             190      Management Act.
             191          Notwithstanding Section 53-13-106.2 , state and local law enforcement officers are
             192      authorized to recognize a federal employee's exercise of law enforcement authority to enforce
             193      the provisions of the Federal Land Policy Management Act on proprietary jurisdiction federally
             194      managed land, only if such exercise is consistent with the Constitution of the United States and
             195      based on:
             196          (1) a federal statute other than the Assimilative Crimes Act, 18 U.S.C. Sec. 13; or
             197          (2) a federal regulation that is:
             198          (a) authorized by a federal statute other than the Assimilative Crimes Act, 18 U.S.C.
             199      Sec. 13; and
             200          (b) necessary to implement the provisions of the Federal Land Policy Management Act
             201      with respect to the management, use, and protection of the public lands, including the property
             202      located on those lands, as provided in 43 U.S.C. Sec. 1733(a).
             203          Section 7. Section 53-13-106.7 is enacted to read:
             204          53-13-106.7. State and local law enforcement officers and federal employees --
             205      Exercise of federal law enforcement authority based on state law during emergency.
             206          Notwithstanding Section 53-13-106.3 , state and local law enforcement officers are
             207      authorized to recognize a federal employee's limited exercise of law enforcement authority on
             208      federally managed land in cases of a violation of a state or local statute, ordinance, regulation,
             209      or rule when:
             210          (1) the offense is an emergency and poses an immediate risk of bodily injury or damage
             211      to property;
             212          (2) a state, county, or municipal law enforcement officer is not reasonably available to
             213      take action;


             214          (3) the action is within the scope of the employee's or official's law enforcement power;
             215      and
             216          (4) the federal employee turns the matter, as well as the custody of any detained
             217      citizen, over to the state, county, or municipal law enforcement officer for further action as
             218      soon as the officer becomes available.
             219          Section 8. Section 53-13-106.8 is enacted to read:
             220          53-13-106.8. State and local law enforcement officers and federal employees -- Use
             221      of correctional and communication facilities.
             222          State and local government agencies may not allow any federal agency access to or use
             223      of the correctional and communication facilities and equipment of any state or local law
             224      enforcement agency without the express written consent of the appropriate responsible official
             225      of the state or local law enforcement agency.
             226          Section 9. Section 53-13-106.9 is enacted to read:
             227          53-13-106.9. State and local law enforcement officers and federal employees --
             228      Interagency agreements.
             229          Notwithstanding Section 53-13-106.3 :
             230          (1) Local law enforcement agencies may enter into agreements with federal agencies
             231      granting limited authority to specific federal employees to exercise law enforcement powers to
             232      enforce federal state and local laws, provided the agreements are limited to a term not to
             233      exceed two years and the officers granted authority have completed a 20-hour course focusing
             234      on Utah law and process approved by the director of the Peace Officer Standards and Training
             235      Division.
             236          (2) State law enforcement agencies may, with the consent of the local county sheriff,
             237      enter into agreements as described in Subsection (1), provided that the agreements may not
             238      exceed a duration of two years.
             239          Section 10. Section 53-13-106.10 is enacted to read:
             240          53-13-106.10. State and local law enforcement officers and federal employees --
             241      Review by county sheriffs.
             242          County sheriffs shall regularly review the duties and activities of federal agencies that
             243      have law enforcement responsibilities and that are acting within the jurisdictional area of the
             244      county to determine if the federal agencies are acting consistently with this section.






Legislative Review Note
    as of 2-18-14 5:04 PM


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