H.B. 183

             1     

FEDERAL LAND EXCHANGE AND SALE AMENDMENTS

             2     
2014 GENERAL SESSION

             3     
STATE OF UTAH

             4     
Chief Sponsor: Michael E. Noel

             5     
Senate Sponsor: ____________

             6     
             7      LONG TITLE
             8      General Description:
             9          This bill deals with the exchange of federal law for state law.
             10      Highlighted Provisions:
             11          This bill:
             12          .    amends the state land use planning and management program;
             13          .    requires the School and Institutional Trust Lands Administration to, by certain
             14      dates:
             15              .    evaluate state land;
             16              .    identify parcels of state and federal land that are suitable for a federal land
             17      exchange; and
             18              .    make reports to the secretary of the United States Department of Agriculture,
             19      Legislative Management Committee, and Natural Resources, Agriculture, and
             20      Environment Interim Committee; and
             21          .    makes technical changes.
             22      Money Appropriated in this Bill:
             23          None
             24      Other Special Clauses:
             25          None
             26      Utah Code Sections Affected:
             27      AMENDS:


             28           63J-8-104 , as last amended by Laws of Utah 2012, Chapter 369
             29           63L-2-201 , as last amended by Laws of Utah 2011, Chapter 247
             30      ENACTS:
             31           63L-2-202 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             32     
             33      Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
             34          Section 1. Section 63J-8-104 is amended to read:
             35           63J-8-104. State land use planning and management program.
             36          (1) The BLM and Forest Service land use plans should produce planning documents
             37      consistent with state and local land use plans to the maximum extent consistent with federal
             38      law and FLPMA's purposes, by incorporating the state's land use planning and management
             39      program for the subject lands that is as follows:
             40          (a) preserve traditional multiple use and sustained yield management on the subject
             41      lands to:
             42          (i) achieve and maintain in perpetuity a high-level annual or regular periodic output of
             43      agricultural, mineral, and various other resources from the subject lands;
             44          (ii) support valid existing transportation, mineral, and grazing privileges in the subject
             45      lands at the highest reasonably sustainable levels;
             46          (iii) produce and maintain the desired vegetation for watersheds, timber, food, fiber,
             47      livestock forage, wildlife forage, and minerals that are necessary to meet present needs and
             48      future economic growth and community expansion in each county where the subject lands are
             49      situated without permanent impairment of the productivity of the land;
             50          (iv) meet the recreational needs and the personal and business-related transportation
             51      needs of the citizens of each county where the subject lands are situated by providing access
             52      throughout each such county;
             53          (v) meet the needs of wildlife, provided that the respective forage needs of wildlife and
             54      livestock are balanced according to the provisions of Subsection 63J-4-401 (6)(m);
             55          (vi) protect against adverse effects to historic properties, as defined by 36 C.F.R. Sec.
             56      800;
             57          (vii) meet the needs of community economic growth and development;
             58          (viii) provide for the protection of existing water rights and the reasonable


             59      development of additional water rights; and
             60          (ix) provide for reasonable and responsible development of electrical transmission and
             61      energy pipeline infrastructure on the subject lands;
             62          (b) (i) do not designate, establish, manage, or treat any of the subject lands as an area
             63      with management prescriptions that parallel, duplicate, or resemble the management
             64      prescriptions established for wilderness areas or wilderness study areas, including the
             65      nonimpairment standard applicable to WSAs or anything that parallels, duplicates, or
             66      resembles that nonimpairment standard; and
             67          (ii) recognize, follow, and apply the agreement between the state and the Department
             68      of the Interior in the settlement agreement;
             69          (c) call upon the BLM to revoke and revise BLM Manuals H 6301, H 6302, and H
             70      6303, issued on or about February 25, 2011, in light of the settlement agreement and the
             71      following principles of this state plan:
             72          (i) BLM lacks congressional authority to manage subject lands, other than WSAs, as if
             73      they are or may become wilderness;
             74          (ii) BLM lacks authority to designate geographic areas as lands with wilderness
             75      characteristics or designate management prescriptions for such areas other than to use specific
             76      geographic-based tools and prescriptions expressly identified in FLPMA;
             77          (iii) BLM lacks authority to manage the subject lands in any manner other than to
             78      prevent unnecessary or undue degradation, unless the BLM uses geographic tools expressly
             79      identified in FLPMA and does so pursuant to a duly adopted provision of a resource
             80      management plan adopted under FLPMA, 43 U.S.C. Sec. 1712;
             81          (iv) BLM inventories for the presence of wilderness characteristics must be closely
             82      coordinated with inventories for those characteristics conducted by state and local
             83      governments, and should reflect a consensus among those governmental agencies about the
             84      existence of wilderness characteristics, as follows:
             85          (A) any inventory of wilderness characteristics should reflect all of the criteria
             86      identified in the Wilderness Act of 1964, including:
             87          (I) a size of 5,000 acres or more, containing no visible roads; and
             88          (II) the presence of naturalness, the opportunity for primitive and unconfined
             89      recreation, and the opportunity for solitude;


             90          (B) geographic areas found to contain the presence of naturalness must appear pristine
             91      to the average viewer, and not contain any of the implements, artifacts, or effects of human
             92      presence, including:
             93          (I) visible roads, whether maintained or not; and
             94          (II) human-made features such as vehicle bridges, fire breaks, fisheries, enhancement
             95      facilities, fire rings, historic mining and other properties, including tailings piles, commercial
             96      radio and communication repeater sites, fencing, spring developments, linear disturbances,
             97      stock ponds, visible drill pads, pipeline and transmission line rights-of-way, and other similar
             98      features;
             99          (C) factors, such as the following, though not necessarily conclusive, should weigh
             100      against a determination that a land area has the presence of naturalness:
             101          (I) the area is or once was the subject of mining and drilling activities;
             102          (II) mineral and hard rock mining leases exist in the area; and
             103          (III) the area is in a grazing district with active grazing allotments and visible range
             104      improvements;
             105          (D) geographic areas found to contain the presence of solitude should convey the sense
             106      of solitude within the entire geographic area identified, otherwise boundary adjustments should
             107      be performed in accordance with Subsection (1)(c)(iv)(F);
             108          (E) geographic areas found to contain the presence of an opportunity for primitive and
             109      unconfined recreation must find these features within the entire area and provide analysis about
             110      the effect of the number of visitors to the geographic area upon the presence of primitive or
             111      unconfined recreation, otherwise boundary adjustments should be performed in accordance
             112      with Subsection (1)(c)(iv)(F);
             113          (F) in addition to the actions required by the review for roads pursuant to the
             114      definitions of roads contained in BLM Manual H 6301, or any similar authority, the BLM
             115      should, pursuant to its authority to inventory, identify and list all roads or routes identified as
             116      part of a local or state governmental transportation system, and consider those routes or roads
             117      as qualifying as roads within the definition of the Wilderness Act of 1964; and
             118          (G) BLM should adjust the boundaries for a geographic area to exclude areas that do
             119      not meet the criteria of lacking roads, lacking solitude, and lacking primitive and unconfined
             120      recreation and the boundaries should be redrawn to reflect an area that clearly meets the criteria


             121      above, and which does not employ minor adjustments to simply exclude small areas with
             122      human intrusions, specifically:
             123          (I) the boundaries of a proposed geographic area containing lands with wilderness
             124      characteristics should not be drawn around roads, rights-of-way, and intrusions; and
             125          (II) lands located between individual human impacts that do not meet the requirements
             126      for lands with wilderness characteristics should be excluded;
             127          (v) BLM should consider the responses of the Department of the Interior under cover
             128      of the letter dated May 20, 2009, clearly stating that BLM does not have the authority to apply
             129      the nonimpairment management standard to the subject lands, or to manage the subject lands in
             130      any manner to preserve their suitability for designation as wilderness, when considering the
             131      proper management principles for areas that meet the full definition of lands with wilderness
             132      characteristics; and
             133          (vi) even if the BLM were to properly inventory an area for the presence of wilderness
             134      characteristics, the BLM still lacks authority to make or alter project level decisions to
             135      automatically avoid impairment of any wilderness characteristics without express
             136      congressional authority to do so;
             137          (d) achieve and maintain at the highest reasonably sustainable levels a continuing yield
             138      of energy, hard rock, and nuclear resources in those subject lands with economically
             139      recoverable amounts of such resources as follows:
             140          (i) the development of the solid, fluid, and gaseous mineral resources in portions of the
             141      subject lands is an important part of the state's economy and the economies of the respective
             142      counties, and should be recognized that it is technically feasible to access mineral and energy
             143      resources in portions of the subject lands while preserving or, as necessary, restoring
             144      nonmineral and nonenergy resources;
             145          (ii) all available, recoverable solid, fluid, gaseous, and nuclear mineral resources in the
             146      subject lands should be seriously considered for contribution or potential contribution to the
             147      state's economy and the economies of the respective counties;
             148          (iii) those portions of the subject lands shown to have reasonable mineral, energy, and
             149      nuclear potential should be open to leasing, drilling, and other access with reasonable
             150      stipulations and conditions, including mitigation, reclamation, and bonding measures where
             151      necessary, that will protect the lands against unnecessary and undue damage to other significant


             152      resource values;
             153          (iv) federal oil and gas existing lease conditions and restrictions should not be
             154      modified, waived, or removed unless the lease conditions or restrictions are no longer
             155      necessary or effective;
             156          (v) any prior existing lease restrictions in the subject lands that are no longer necessary
             157      or effective should be modified, waived, or removed;
             158          (vi) restrictions against surface occupancy should be eliminated, modified, or waived,
             159      where reasonable;
             160          (vii) in the case of surface occupancy restrictions that cannot be reasonably eliminated,
             161      modified, or waived, directional drilling should be considered where the mineral and energy
             162      resources beneath the area can be reached employing available directional drilling technology;
             163          (viii) applications for permission to drill in the subject lands that meet standard
             164      qualifications, including reasonable and effective mitigation and reclamation requirements,
             165      should be expeditiously processed and granted; and
             166          (ix) any moratorium that may exist against the issuance of qualified mining patents and
             167      oil and gas leases in the subject lands, and any barriers that may exist against developing
             168      unpatented mining claims and filing for new claims, should be carefully evaluated for removal;
             169          (e) achieve and maintain livestock grazing in the subject lands at the highest reasonably
             170      sustainable levels by adhering to the policies, goals, and management practices set forth in
             171      Subsection 63J-4-401 (6)(m);
             172          (f) manage the watershed in the subject lands to achieve and maintain water resources
             173      at the highest reasonably sustainable levels as follows:
             174          (i) adhere to the policies, goals, and management practices set forth in Subsection
             175      63J-4-401 (6)(m);
             176          (ii) deter unauthorized cross-country OHV use in the subject lands by establishing a
             177      reasonable system of roads and trails in the subject lands for the use of an OHV, as closing the
             178      subject lands to all OHV use will only spur increased and unauthorized use; and
             179          (iii) keep open any road or trail in the subject lands that historically has been open to
             180      OHV use, as identified on respective county road maps;
             181          (g) achieve and maintain traditional access to outdoor recreational opportunities
             182      available in the subject lands as follows:


             183          (i) hunting, trapping, fishing, hiking, family and group parties, family and group
             184      campouts and campfires, rock hounding, OHV travel, geological exploring, pioneering,
             185      recreational vehicle parking, or just touring in personal vehicles are activities that are important
             186      to the traditions, customs, and character of the state and individual counties where the subject
             187      lands are located and should continue;
             188          (ii) wildlife hunting, trapping, and fishing should continue at levels determined by the
             189      Wildlife Board and the Division of Wildlife Resources and traditional levels of group camping,
             190      group day use, and other traditional forms of outdoor recreation, both motorized and
             191      nonmotorized, should continue; and
             192          (iii) the broad spectrum of outdoor recreational activities available on the subject lands
             193      should be available to citizens for whom a primitive, nonmotorized, outdoor experience is not
             194      preferred, affordable, or physically achievable;
             195          (h) (i) keep open to motorized travel, any road in the subject lands that is part of the
             196      respective counties' duly adopted transportation plan;
             197          (ii) provide that R.S. 2477 rights-of-way should be recognized by the BLM;
             198          (iii) provide that a county road may be temporarily closed or permanently abandoned
             199      only by statutorily authorized action of the county or state;
             200          (iv) provide that the BLM and the Forest Service must recognize and not unduly
             201      interfere with a county's ability to maintain and repair roads and, where reasonably necessary,
             202      make improvements to the roads; and
             203          (v) recognize that additional roads and trails may be needed in the subject lands from
             204      time to time to facilitate reasonable access to a broad range of resources and opportunities
             205      throughout the subject lands, including livestock operations and improvements, solid, fluid,
             206      and gaseous mineral operations, recreational opportunities and operations, search and rescue
             207      needs, other public safety needs, access to public lands for people with disabilities and the
             208      elderly, and access to Utah school and institutional trust lands for the accomplishment of the
             209      purposes of those lands;
             210          (i) manage the subject lands so as to protect prehistoric rock art, three dimensional
             211      structures, and other artifacts and sites recognized as culturally important and significant by the
             212      state historic preservation officer or each respective county by imposing reasonable and
             213      effective stipulations and conditions reached by agreement between the federal agency and the


             214      state authorized officer pursuant to the authority granted by the National Historic Preservation
             215      Act, 16 U.S.C. Sec. 470 et seq.;
             216          (j) manage the subject lands so as to not interfere with the property rights of private
             217      landowners as follows:
             218          (i) the state recognizes that there are parcels of private fee land throughout the subject
             219      lands;
             220          (ii) land management policies and standards in the subject lands should not interfere
             221      with the property rights of any private landowner to enjoy and engage in uses and activities on
             222      an individual's private property consistent with controlling county zoning and land use laws;
             223      and
             224          (iii) a private landowner or a guest or client of a private landowner should not be
             225      denied the right of motorized access to the private landowner's property consistent with past
             226      uses of the private property;
             227          (k) manage the subject lands in a manner that supports the fiduciary agreement made
             228      between the state and the federal government concerning the school and institutional trust
             229      lands, as managed according to state law, by:
             230          (i) formally recognizing, by duly authorized federal proclamation, the duty of the
             231      federal government to support the purposes of the school and institutional trust lands owned by
             232      the state and administered by SITLA in trust for the benefit of public schools and other
             233      institutions as mandated in the Utah Constitution and the Utah Enabling Act of 1894, 28 Stat.
             234      107;
             235          (ii) actively seeking to support SITLA's fiduciary responsibility to manage the school
             236      trust lands to optimize revenue by making the school trust lands available for sale and private
             237      development and for other multiple and consumptive use activities such as mineral
             238      development, grazing, recreation, timber, and agriculture;
             239          (iii) not interfering with SITLA's ability to carry out its fiduciary responsibilities by the
             240      creation of geographical areas burdened with management restrictions that prohibit or
             241      discourage the optimization of revenue, without just compensation;
             242          (iv) recognizing SITLA's right of economic access to the school trust lands to enable
             243      SITLA to put those sections to use in its fiduciary responsibilities; [and]
             244          (v) recognizing any management plan enacted by SITLA pursuant to Section


             245      53C-2-201 ; and
             246          (vi) acting responsibly as the owner of land parcels with potential for exchange for
             247      state land parcels by:
             248          (A) moving forward with the process for identifying federal land parcels suitable and
             249      desirable for exchange for state land parcels;
             250          (B) removing barriers to the exchange of federal land parcels for state land parcels;
             251          (C) expediting the procedures and processes necessary to execute the exchange of
             252      federal land parcels for state land parcels; and
             253          (D) lobbying and supporting in good faith any congressional legislation to enact and
             254      finalize the exchange of federal land parcels for state land parcels;
             255          (l) oppose the designation of BLM lands as areas of critical environmental concern
             256      (ACEC), as the BLM lands are generally not compatible with the state's plan and policy for
             257      managing the subject lands, but special cases may exist where such a designation is appropriate
             258      if compliance with FLPMA, 43 U.S.C. Sec. 1702(a) is clearly demonstrated and where the
             259      proposed designation and protection:
             260          (i) is limited to the geographic size to the minimum necessary to meet the standards
             261      required by Section 63J-4-401 ;
             262          (ii) is necessary to protect not just a temporary change in ground conditions or visual
             263      resources that can be reclaimed or reversed naturally, but is clearly shown as necessary to
             264      protect against visible damage on the ground that will persist on a time scale beyond that which
             265      would effectively disqualify the land for a later inventory of wilderness characteristics;
             266          (iii) will not be applied in a geographic area already protected by other protective
             267      designations available pursuant to law; and
             268          (iv) is not a substitute for the nonimpairment management requirements of wilderness
             269      study areas; and
             270          (m) recognize that a BLM visual resource management class I or II rating is generally
             271      not compatible with the state's plan and policy for managing the subject lands, but special cases
             272      may exist where such a rating is appropriate if jointly considered and created by state, local,
             273      and federal authorities as part of an economic development plan for a region of the state, with
             274      due regard for school trust lands and private lands within the area.
             275          (2) All BLM and Forest Service decision documents should be accompanied with an


             276      analysis of the social and economic impact of the decision. Such analysis should:
             277          (a) consider all facets of the decision in light of valuation techniques for the potential
             278      costs and benefits of the decision;
             279          (b) clarify whether the costs and benefits employ monetized or nonmonetized
             280      techniques;
             281          (c) compare the accuracy, completeness, and viability of monetized and nonmonetized
             282      valuation techniques used as part of the analysis, including all caveats on use of the techniques;
             283      and
             284          (d) compare the valuation techniques employed in the analysis to the federal standards
             285      for valuation employed by the U.S. Department of Justice in court actions.
             286          Section 2. Section 63L-2-201 is amended to read:
             287           63L-2-201. Federal government acquisition of real property in the state.
             288          (1) As used in this [section] chapter:
             289          (a) "Agency" is defined in Section 63G-10-102 .
             290          (b) "Agency" includes:
             291          (i) the School and Institutional Trust Lands Administration created in Section
             292      53C-1-201 ; and
             293          (ii) the School and Institutional Trust Lands Board of Trustees created in Section
             294      53C-1-202 .
             295          (2) (a) Before legally binding the state by executing an agreement to sell or transfer to
             296      the United States government 10,000 or more acres of any state lands or school and
             297      institutional trust lands, an agency shall submit the agreement or proposal:
             298          (i) to the Legislature for its approval or rejection; or
             299          (ii) in the interim, to the Legislative Management Committee for review of the
             300      agreement or proposal.
             301          (b) The Legislative Management Committee may:
             302          (i) recommend that the agency execute the agreement or proposal;
             303          (ii) recommend that the agency reject the agreement or proposal; or
             304          (iii) recommend to the governor that the governor call a special session of the
             305      Legislature to review and approve or reject the agreement or proposal.
             306          (3) Before legally binding the state by executing an agreement to sell or transfer to the


             307      United States government less than 10,000 acres of any state lands or school and institutional
             308      trust lands, an agency shall notify the Natural Resources, Agriculture, and Environment Interim
             309      Committee.
             310          (4) Notwithstanding Subsections (2) and (3), the Legislature approves all conveyances
             311      of school trust lands to the United States government made for the purpose of completing the
             312      Red Cliffs Desert Reserve in Washington County.
             313          Section 3. Section 63L-2-202 is enacted to read:
             314          63L-2-202. Identification and appraisal of state land.
             315          (1) The agency shall:
             316          (a) by January 1, 2016:
             317          (i) evaluate state land, including:
             318          (A) investigating mineral examinations;
             319          (B) conducting title searches;
             320          (C) conducting archeological surveys;
             321          (D) removing encumbrances, if possible; and
             322          (E) curing any deficiencies that may prevent highest and best use;
             323          (ii) establish standards to determine whether a parcel of state land evaluated under
             324      Subsection (1)(a)(i) is suitable for a potential federal land exchange;
             325          (iii) subject to Subsection (2), appraise a parcel of state land that meets the standards
             326      established under Subsection (1)(a)(ii) according to nationally recognized appraisal standards,
             327      including, to the extent appropriate, the Uniform Appraisal Standards for Federal Land
             328      Acquisitions described in the Federal Lands Policy and Management Act of 1976;
             329          (iv) identify federal land that is suitable and desirable for federal land exchange; and
             330          (v) communicate the findings of Subsections (1)(a)(i) through (iv) to the secretary of
             331      the United States Department of Agriculture, the Legislative Management Committee, and the
             332      Natural Resources, Agriculture, and Environment Interim Committee; and
             333          (b) by November 30, 2016, report to the Legislative Management Committee and the
             334      Natural Resources, Agriculture, and Environment Interim Committee on the status of federal
             335      land exchanges, including:
             336          (i) any barriers that prevent the expeditious exchange of land as authorized by the
             337      Federal Land Management and Policy Act of 1976; and


             338          (ii) the agency's plan to promote the exchange of federal lands.
             339          (2) When conducting the appraisal of a parcel of state land, as authorized in Subsection
             340      (1)(a)(iii), the agency shall take into account the recommended uses of federal land surrounding
             341      a parcel, as described in the current land use plan of the county in which the parcel is situated.




Legislative Review Note
    as of 3-5-14 10:22 AM


Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel


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