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<leg xml:space="preserve" billnum="HB0577" sponsor="Andrew Stoddard" designation="HB" otherSponsor="Stephanie Pitcher" otherHouse="Senate" sess="2026GS" fileno="2026FL1453" date="2/17/2026 09:02:373" printDate="02-18 15:20" subVer="0" minVer="0" office="LEGISLATIVE GENERAL COUNSEL" actionDate="" impact="code"><info><nextbuid>9</nextbuid><aminfo anum="0" effdate="05/06/2026"><seclist><sect action="E" src="code" buid="6" uid="C78B-3-S1301_2026050620260506" sort="78B03 13010020260506" mtype="section" effdate="05/06/2026">78B-3-1301</sect><sect src="uncod" untype="effdate" buid="8" uid="EF0000" sort="UZEFF" mtype="uncod" effdate="05/06/2026"/></seclist></aminfo></info><tbox><sinfo><nextpairid>0</nextpairid></sinfo><st numlevel="1" lineno="1" slineno="0-1">State-Created Remedies for Federal Constitutional Violations</st><sessionhead>2026 GENERAL SESSION</sessionhead><statehead>STATE OF UTAH</statehead><sponsorhead>Chief Sponsor: Andrew Stoddard</sponsorhead><otherSponsorhead>Senate Sponsor: Stephanie Pitcher</otherSponsorhead></tbox><lt numlevel="1" lineno="2" slineno="0-2"><lthead lineno="3">LONG TITLE</lthead><gdhead lineno="4">General Description:</gdhead><gd numlevel="1" lineno="5" slineno="0-5">This bill concerns a state-law remedy for a federal constitutional violation.</gd><hphead lineno="6">Highlighted Provisions:</hphead><hp numlevel="1" lineno="7" slineno="0-7">This bill:<hl numlevel="1" lineno="8" slineno="0-8" level="1">creates a state-law remedy for a federal constitutional violation committed by an <ln numlevel="1" lineno="9" slineno="0-9"/>individual acting under federal, state, or local law;</hl><hl numlevel="1" lineno="10" slineno="0-10" level="1">provides for eligible damages;</hl><hl numlevel="1" lineno="11" slineno="0-11" level="1">contains a severability clause; and</hl><hl numlevel="1" lineno="12" slineno="0-12" level="1">makes technical and conforming changes.</hl></hp><moni numlevel="1" lineno="13" slineno="0-13" display="none">Money Appropriated in this Bill:</moni><moniNone lineno="14">None</moniNone><oc numlevel="1" lineno="15" slineno="0-15">Other Special Clauses:</oc><ocNone lineno="16">None</ocNone><sa numlevel="1" lineno="17" slineno="0-17">Utah Code Sections Affected:<saent numlevel="1" lineno="18" slineno="0-18"><snhead>ENACTS:</snhead><sn num="78B-3-1301" src="code" uid="C78B-3-S1301_2026050620260506" buid="6" sort="78B03 13010020260506" numlevel="1" lineno="19" slineno="0-19"><bold>78B-3-1301</bold>, Utah Code Annotated 1953</sn></saent></sa></lt><enacthead lineno="20"/><enact numlevel="1" lineno="21" slineno="0-21">Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:</enact><bdy><bsec buid="6" num="78B-3-1301" type="enact" src="code" uid="C78B-3-S1301_2026050620260506" sort="78B03 13010020260506" numlevel="1" lineno="22" slineno="1-1" sn="1"><section numlevel="1" lineno="25" slineno="1-4" number="78B-3-1301" type="enact"><secline lineno="22">Section 1. Section <bold>78B-3-1301</bold> is enacted to read:</secline><headchap number="78B-3" numlevel="1" lineno="23" slineno="1-2">3. Civil Actions</headchap><headpart number="78B-3-13" numlevel="1" lineno="24" slineno="1-3">13. Civil Action for Deprivation of Federal Constitutional Rights</headpart><catline lineno="25"><bold>78B-3-1301<parens/>. Civil action for deprivation of federal constitutional rights under <ln numlevel="1" lineno="26" slineno="1-5"/>color of law.</bold></catline><subsection ssid="6-2-35" dnum="_-o:1-i" numlevel="1" lineno="27" slineno="1-6" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="1" placement="noreturn" space="false"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1000" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(1)</amend></display><subsection ssid="6-2-36" dnum="_-o:a-i" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="2" placement="sameline"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1001" style="1" owner="i" level="1">(a)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="101" groupid="73" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">A person who is a citizen of this state or within the jurisdiction of this state, and is <ln numlevel="1" lineno="28" slineno="1-7"/>injured by an individual described in Subsection <xref depth="4" refnumber="78B-3-1301(1)(b)">(1)(b)</xref>, has a right of action against <ln numlevel="1" lineno="29" slineno="1-8"/>the individual described in Subsection <xref depth="4" refnumber="78B-3-1301(1)(b)">(1)(b)</xref> for the relief described in Subsection <xref depth="4" refnumber="78B-3-1301(2)">(2)</xref>.</amend></subsection><subsection ssid="6-2-37" dnum="_-o:b-i" numlevel="1" lineno="30" slineno="1-9" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="2"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1002" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(b)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="163" groupid="121" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">An individual who is acting as an employee or agent of a federal, state, or local <ln numlevel="1" lineno="31" slineno="1-10"/>governmental entity, and who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, <ln numlevel="1" lineno="32" slineno="1-11"/>custom, or usage, of the United States, this state, or a political subdivision of this <ln numlevel="1" lineno="33" slineno="1-12"/>state, subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen of this state, or any person <ln numlevel="1" lineno="34" slineno="1-13"/>within the jurisdiction of this state, to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or <ln numlevel="1" lineno="35" slineno="1-14"/>immunities secured by the United States Constitution, is liable to the injured party.</amend></subsection></subsection><subsection ssid="6-2-38" dnum="_-o:2-i" numlevel="1" lineno="36" slineno="1-15" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="1" space="false"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1003" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(2)</amend></display><subsection ssid="6-2-39" dnum="_-o:a-i" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="2" placement="sameline"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1004" style="1" owner="i" level="1">(a)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="132" groupid="97" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">Except as provided in Subsection <xref depth="4" refnumber="78B-3-1301(2)(b)">(2)(b)</xref>, a person described in Subsection <xref depth="4" refnumber="78B-3-1301(1)(a)">(1)(a)</xref> <ln numlevel="1" lineno="37" slineno="1-16"/>who is injured by an individual described in Subsection <xref depth="4" refnumber="78B-3-1301(1)(b)">(1)(b)</xref> may be awarded <ln numlevel="1" lineno="38" slineno="1-17"/>compensatory damages, equitable relief, and reasonable attorney fees and costs.</amend></subsection><subsection ssid="6-2-40" dnum="_-o:b-i" numlevel="1" lineno="39" slineno="1-18" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="2"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1005" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(b)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="134" groupid="99" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">A person may not recover punitive damages in an action brought under this section.</amend></subsection></subsection><subsection ssid="6-2-41" dnum="_-o:3-i" numlevel="1" lineno="40" slineno="1-19" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="1"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1006" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(3)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="114" groupid="83" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">Unless required by the United States Constitution, this section abrogates any and all <ln numlevel="1" lineno="41" slineno="1-20"/>immunities otherwise available to the individual described in Subsection <xref depth="4" refnumber="78B-3-1301(1)(b)">(1)(b)</xref>.</amend></subsection><subsection ssid="6-2-42" dnum="_-o:4-i" numlevel="1" lineno="42" slineno="1-21" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="1" space="false"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1007" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(4)</amend></display><subsection ssid="6-2-43" dnum="_-o:a-i" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="2" placement="sameline"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1008" style="1" owner="i" level="1">(a)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="154" groupid="114" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">A right of action under this section is in addition to any other remedy available <ln numlevel="1" lineno="43" slineno="1-22"/>under state or federal law.</amend></subsection><subsection ssid="6-2-44" dnum="_-o:b-i" numlevel="1" lineno="44" slineno="1-23" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="2"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1009" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(b)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="42" groupid="29" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">Unless otherwise required under applicable law, a person bringing an action under <ln numlevel="1" lineno="45" slineno="1-24"/>this section is not required to exhaust any administrative remedies before filing suit.</amend></subsection></subsection><subsection ssid="6-2-45" dnum="_-o:5-i" numlevel="1" lineno="46" slineno="1-25" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="1"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1010" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(5)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="11" groupid="8" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">This section does not:</amend><subsection ssid="6-2-46" dnum="_-o:a-i" numlevel="1" lineno="47" slineno="1-26" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="2"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1011" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(a)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="23" groupid="16" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">authorize a right of action against a federal, state, or local entity; or</amend></subsection><subsection ssid="6-2-47" dnum="_-o:b-i" numlevel="1" lineno="48" slineno="1-27" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="2"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1012" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(b)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="28" groupid="20" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">regulate, restrict, or impose liability on a federal, state, or local entity.</amend></subsection></subsection><subsection ssid="6-2-48" dnum="_-o:6-i" numlevel="1" lineno="49" slineno="1-28" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="1"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1013" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(6)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="147" groupid="109" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">This section only applies to a right of action that accrues on or after May 6, 2026.</amend></subsection><subsection ssid="6-49" dnum="_-o:7-i" numlevel="1" lineno="50" slineno="1-29" ea="amend" anum="0" owner="jchristopherson" style="1" level="1"><display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1014" style="1" owner="i" level="1" amendtag="start">(7)</amend></display><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="158" groupid="117" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="end">The provisions of this section are severable, and if any subsection of this section or the <ln numlevel="1" lineno="51" slineno="1-30"/>application of any subsection to any person or circumstance is held invalid by a final <ln numlevel="1" lineno="52" slineno="1-31"/>decision of a court with jurisdiction, the remainder of this section shall be given effect <ln numlevel="1" lineno="53" slineno="1-32"/>without the invalid subsection or application.</amend></subsection></section></bsec><bsec buid="8" type="uncod" untype="effdate" src="uncod" uid="EF0000" sort="UZEFF" langlock="true" numlevel="1" lineno="54" slineno="2-1" sn="2"><section type="uncod" untype="effdate" display="false" src="uncod"><secline lineno="54">Section 2.  <bold>Effective Date.</bold></secline><sectionText lineno="55"><amend anum="0" ea="amend" pairid="1" groupid="1" style="1" owner="jchristopherson" level="1" amendtag="both">This bill takes effect on <effdate uid="code" date="5/6/2026">May 6, 2026</effdate>.</amend></sectionText></section></bsec></bdy><foot><rev><tm>2-17-26 9:30 AM</tm></rev></foot></leg>