<section number="45-3-3"><effdate>5/6/2026</effdate><histories><history>Amended by Chapter <modchap sess="2026GS">489</modchap>, 2026 General Session</history><modyear>2026</modyear></histories><catchline>Acts constituting abuse -- Permitting prosecution.</catchline><subsection number="45-3-3(1)"><subsection number="45-3-3(1)(a)">Subject to other provisions of this chapter, each individual has the exclusive right to consent to the use of the individual's personal identity.</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(1)(b)">The right described in Subsection <xref depth="4" refnumber="45-3-3(1)(a)">(1)(a)</xref>:<subsection number="45-3-3(1)(b)(i)">includes a replication right, in which only the individual or right holder may consent to the use of the individual's personal identity in a simulation, reproduction, or artificial recreation of the individual's personal identity;</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(1)(b)(ii)">is licensable but not assignable during the life of the individual;</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(1)(b)(iii)">does not expire until 70 years after the death of the individual;</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(1)(b)(iv)">upon the death of the individual:<subsection number="45-3-3(1)(b)(iv)(A)">is descendible to the individual's executors, successors, heirs, assignees, licensees, or devisees; and</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(1)(b)(iv)(B)">is transferable to a right holder by any means of conveyance or operation of law for up to 70 years after the death of the individual; and</subsection></subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(1)(b)(v)">in the case of an individual who died before May 6, 2026, applies retroactively for up to 70 years before May 6, 2026, and vests in the executors, successors, heirs, assignees, or devisees of the individual.</subsection></subsection></subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(2)">Except for purposes of the criminal penalty in Section <xref depth="3" refnumber="76-12-304" start="0">76-12-304</xref>, the personal identity of an individual is abused if:<subsection number="45-3-3(2)(a)"><subsection number="45-3-3(2)(a)(i)">content containing the personal identity of an individual is used for purposes of:<subsection number="45-3-3(2)(a)(i)(A)">advertising products, merchandise, goods, or services;</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(2)(a)(i)(B)">fundraising;</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(2)(a)(i)(C)">solicitation of donations; or</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(2)(a)(i)(D)">purchases of products, merchandise, goods, or services;</subsection></subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(2)(a)(ii)">consent has not been obtained from the individual;</subsection></subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(2)(b)">a person publishes, performs, distributes, transmits, or otherwise makes available to another person an individual's personal identity with actual knowledge that the use was not authorized:<subsection number="45-3-3(2)(b)(i)">by the individual, if the individual is living;</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(2)(b)(ii)">by the individual's legal guardian, if the individual is a minor; or</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(2)(b)(iii)">by the individual's executors, successors, heirs, assignees, licensees, or devisees, if the individual has been deceased for up to 70 years; or</subsection></subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(2)(c)">the person knowingly distributes, sells, or licenses any technology, software, or tool whose intended primary purpose is the unauthorized creation or modification of content that includes an individual's personal identity.</subsection></subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(3)">Nothing in this chapter prohibits prosecution of abuse of personal identity under Section <xref depth="3" refnumber="76-12-304" start="0">76-12-304</xref>.</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(4)">The personal identity of an individual is not abused if the individual's personal data or publicly available information:<subsection number="45-3-3(4)(a)">was lawfully obtained;</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(4)(b)">is used to preview, advertise, or promote the sale of a product, service, or subscription, including the sale of a product, service, or subscription of which the individual's personal data or publicly available information is or may be a part; and</subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(4)(c)">is not used in a way that expresses or implies that the individual approves, endorses, has endorsed, or will endorse the product, service, or subscription being previewed, advertised, or promoted.</subsection></subsection><subsection number="45-3-3(5)">The personal identity of an individual is not abused under Subsection <xref depth="4" refnumber="45-3-3(2)(b)">(2)(b)</xref> if the publication, performance, distribution, transmission, or other disclosure of the personal identity is accompanied by a clear and conspicuous disclosure that the content is a simulation or artificial recreation of the individual.</subsection></section>