1     
GOVERNMENTAL IMMUNITY ACT AMENDMENTS

2     
2016 GENERAL SESSION

3     
STATE OF UTAH

4     
Chief Sponsor: Curtis S. Bramble

5     
House Sponsor: ____________

6     

7     LONG TITLE
8     General Description:
9           This bill modifies the Governmental Immunity Act of Utah.
10     Highlighted Provisions:
11          This bill:
12          ▸     provides that immunity is retained under specified circumstances notwithstanding a
13     waiver of immunity;
14          ▸     eliminates language relating to a waiver of immunity and an exception to the waiver
15     relating to certain dangerous conditions; and
16          ▸     modifies a standard applicable to an exception to an immunity waiver provision.
17     Money Appropriated in this Bill:
18          None
19     Other Special Clauses:
20          None
21     Utah Code Sections Affected:
22     AMENDS:
23          53A-3-413, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2015, Chapters 232 and 342
24          63G-7-101, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2015, Chapter 342
25          63G-7-201, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2015, Chapter 342
26          63G-7-301, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2015, Chapter 342
27     


28     Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
29          Section 1. Section 53A-3-413 is amended to read:
30          53A-3-413. Use of public school buildings and grounds as civic centers.
31          (1) As used in this section, "civic center" means a public school building or ground,
32     including a charter school building or ground, that is established and maintained as a limited
33     public forum for supervised recreational activities and meetings.
34          (2) Except as provided in Subsection (3), all public school buildings and grounds shall
35     be civic centers.
36          (3) The use of school property as a civic center:
37          (a) may not interfere with a school function or purpose; and
38          (b) is considered a permit for governmental immunity purposes for a governmental
39     entity under Subsection 63G-7-201[(4)](3)(c).
40          (4) The organizer of an event may not use a civic center unless the organizer resides
41     within the geographic boundaries of the school district in which the civic center is located.
42          Section 2. Section 63G-7-101 is amended to read:
43          63G-7-101. Title -- Scope of waivers and retentions of immunity.
44          (1) This chapter is known as the "Governmental Immunity Act of Utah."
45          (2) The scope of the waivers and retentions of immunity found in this comprehensive
46     chapter:
47          (a) applies to all functions of government, no matter how labeled; and
48          (b) governs all claims against governmental entities or against their employees or agents
49     arising out of the performance of the employee's duties, within the scope of employment, or
50     under color of authority.
51          (3) A governmental entity and an employee of a governmental entity retain immunity
52     from suit unless that immunity has been expressly waived in this chapter.
53          (4) If an injury would not have occurred but for conduct or a condition described in
54     Subsection 63G-7-201(3), immunity from suit for the injury is retained notwithstanding
55     Subsection 63G-7-301(2)(c) or (h).
56          Section 3. Section 63G-7-201 is amended to read:
57          63G-7-201. Immunity of governmental entities and employees from suit.
58          (1) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, each governmental entity and each

59     employee of a governmental entity are immune from suit for any injury that results from the
60     exercise of a governmental function.
61          (2) Notwithstanding the waiver of immunity provisions of Section 63G-7-301, a
62     governmental entity, its officers, and its employees are immune from suit for any injury or
63     damage resulting from the implementation of or the failure to implement measures to:
64          (a) control the causes of epidemic and communicable diseases and other conditions
65     significantly affecting the public health or necessary to protect the public health as set out in
66     Title 26A, Chapter 1, Local Health Departments;
67          (b) investigate and control suspected bioterrorism and disease as set out in Title 26,
68     Chapter 23b, Detection of Public Health Emergencies Act;
69          (c) respond to a national, state, or local emergency, a public health emergency as
70     defined in Section 26-23b-102, or a declaration by the President of the United States or other
71     federal official requesting public health related activities; and
72          (d) adopt methods or measures, in accordance with Section 26-1-30, for health care
73     providers, public health entities, and health care insurers to coordinate among themselves to
74     verify the identity of the individuals they serve.
75          [(3) A governmental entity, its officers, and its employees are immune from suit, and
76     immunity is not waived, for any injury if the injury arises out of or in connection with, or
77     results from:]
78          [(a) a latent dangerous or latent defective condition of:]
79          [(i) any highway, road, street, alley, crosswalk, sidewalk, culvert, tunnel, bridge, or
80     viaduct; or]
81          [(ii) another structure located on any of the items listed in Subsection (3)(a)(i); or]
82          [(b) a latent dangerous or latent defective condition of any public building, structure,
83     dam, reservoir, or other public improvement.]
84          [(4)] (3) A governmental entity, its officers, and its employees are immune from suit,
85     and immunity is not waived, for any injury proximately caused by a negligent act or omission
86     of an employee committed within the scope of employment, if the injury [arises out of or in
87     connection with, or results from] would not have occurred but for:
88          (a) the exercise or performance, or the failure to exercise or perform, a discretionary
89     function, whether or not the discretion is abused;

90          (b) an assault, battery, false imprisonment, false arrest, malicious prosecution,
91     intentional trespass, abuse of process, libel, slander, deceit, interference with contract rights,
92     infliction of mental anguish, or violation of civil rights;
93          (c) the issuance, denial, suspension, or revocation of, or the failure or refusal to issue,
94     deny, suspend, or revoke, any permit, license, certificate, approval, order, or similar
95     authorization;
96          (d) a failure to make an inspection or making an inadequate or negligent inspection;
97          (e) the institution or prosecution of any judicial or administrative proceeding, even if
98     malicious or without probable cause;
99          (f) a misrepresentation by an employee whether or not the misrepresentation is
100     negligent or intentional;
101          (g) a riot, unlawful assembly, public demonstration, mob violence, or civil disturbance;
102          (h) the collection or assessment of taxes;
103          (i) an activity of the Utah National Guard;
104          (j) the incarceration of a person in a state prison, county or city jail, or other place of
105     legal confinement;
106          (k) a natural condition on publicly owned or controlled land;
107          (l) a condition existing in connection with an abandoned mine or mining operation;
108          (m) an activity authorized by the School and Institutional Trust Lands Administration
109     or the Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands;
110          (n) the operation or existence of a pedestrian or equestrian trail that is along a ditch,
111     canal, stream, or river, regardless of ownership or operation of the ditch, canal, stream, or river,
112     if:
113          (i) the trail is designated under a general plan adopted by a municipality under Section
114     10-9a-401 or by a county under Section 17-27a-401;
115          (ii) the trail right-of-way or the right-of-way where the trail is located is open to public
116     use as evidenced by a written agreement between:
117          (A) the owner or operator of the trail right-of-way or of the right-of-way where the trail
118     is located; and
119          (B) the municipality or county where the trail is located; and
120          (iii) the written agreement:

121          (A) contains a plan for operation and maintenance of the trail; and
122          (B) provides that an owner or operator of the trail right-of-way or of the right-of-way
123     where the trail is located has, at a minimum, the same level of immunity from suit as the
124     governmental entity in connection with or resulting from the use of the trail;
125          (o) research or implementation of cloud management or seeding for the clearing of fog;
126          (p) the management of flood waters, earthquakes, or natural disasters;
127          (q) the construction, repair, or operation of flood or storm systems;
128          (r) the operation of an emergency vehicle, while being driven in accordance with the
129     requirements of Section 41-6a-212;
130          (s) the activity of:
131          (i) providing emergency medical assistance;
132          (ii) fighting fire;
133          (iii) regulating, mitigating, or handling hazardous materials or hazardous wastes;
134          (iv) an emergency evacuation;
135          (v) transporting or removing an injured person to a place where emergency medical
136     assistance can be rendered or where the person can be transported by a licensed ambulance
137     service; or
138          (vi) intervening during a dam emergency;
139          (t) the exercise or performance, or the failure to exercise or perform, any function
140     pursuant to Title 73, Chapter 10, Board of Water Resources - Division of Water Resources;
141          (u) an unauthorized access to government records, data, or electronic information
142     systems by any person or entity; or
143          (v) an activity of wildlife, as defined in Section 23-13-2, that arises during the use of a
144     public or private road.
145          Section 4. Section 63G-7-301 is amended to read:
146          63G-7-301. Waivers of immunity.
147          (1) (a) Immunity from suit of each governmental entity is waived as to any contractual
148     obligation.
149          (b) Actions arising out of contractual rights or obligations are not subject to the
150     requirements of Sections 63G-7-401, 63G-7-402, 63G-7-403, or 63G-7-601.
151          (c) The Division of Water Resources is not liable for failure to deliver water from a

152     reservoir or associated facility authorized by Title 73, Chapter 26, Bear River Development
153     Act, if the failure to deliver the contractual amount of water is due to drought, other natural
154     condition, or safety condition that causes a deficiency in the amount of available water.
155          (2) Immunity from suit of each governmental entity is waived:
156          (a) as to any action brought to recover, obtain possession of, or quiet title to real or
157     personal property;
158          (b) as to any action brought to foreclose mortgages or other liens on real or personal
159     property, to determine any adverse claim on real or personal property, or to obtain an
160     adjudication about any mortgage or other lien that the governmental entity may have or claim
161     on real or personal property;
162          (c) subject to Subsection 63G-7-101(4), as to any action based on the negligent
163     destruction, damage, or loss of goods, merchandise, or other property while it is in the
164     possession of any governmental entity or employee, if the property was seized for the purpose
165     of forfeiture under any provision of state law;
166          (d) subject to Subsection 63G-7-302(1), as to any action brought under the authority of
167     Utah Constitution, Article I, Section 22, for the recovery of compensation from the
168     governmental entity when the governmental entity has taken or damaged private property for
169     public uses without just compensation;
170          (e) subject to Subsection 63G-7-302(2), as to any action brought to recover attorney
171     fees under Sections 63G-2-405 and 63G-2-802;
172          (f) for actual damages under Title 67, Chapter 21, Utah Protection of Public Employees
173     Act;
174          (g) as to any action brought to obtain relief from a land use regulation that imposes a
175     substantial burden on the free exercise of religion under Title 63L, Chapter 5, Utah Religious
176     Land Use Act; and
177          [(h) except as provided in Subsection 63G-7-201(3), as to any injury caused by:]
178          [(i) a defective, unsafe, or dangerous condition of any highway, road, street, alley,
179     crosswalk, sidewalk, culvert, tunnel, bridge, viaduct, or other structure located on them; or]
180          [(ii) any defective or dangerous condition of a public building, structure, dam,
181     reservoir, or other public improvement; and]
182          [(i)] (h) subject to [Subsection] Subsections 63G-7-101(4) and 63G-7-201[(4)](3), as to

183     any injury proximately caused by a negligent act or omission of an employee committed within
184     the scope of employment.






Legislative Review Note
Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel