Representative Marc K. Roberts proposes the following substitute bill:


1     
JUVENILE OFFENSES AMENDMENTS

2     
2017 GENERAL SESSION

3     
STATE OF UTAH

4     
Chief Sponsor: Marc K. Roberts

5     
Senate Sponsor: Todd Weiler

6     

7     LONG TITLE
8     General Description:
9          This bill makes changes to juvenile sex offenses when both juveniles are under 18 years
10     of age.
11     Highlighted Provisions:
12          This bill:
13          ▸     creates a new provision for unlawful adolescent sexual activity between persons
14     under 18 years of age;
15          ▸     creates penalties; and
16          ▸     makes technical and conforming corrections.
17     Money Appropriated in this Bill:
18          None
19     Other Special Clauses:
20          None
21     Utah Code Sections Affected:
22     AMENDS:
23          76-3-406, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2011, Chapter 366
24          76-5-401, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2016, Chapter 372
25          77-2-9, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2009, Chapter 146

26     ENACTS:
27          76-5-401.3, Utah Code Annotated 1953
28     

29     Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
30          Section 1. Section 76-3-406 is amended to read:
31          76-3-406. Crimes for which probation, suspension of sentence, lower category of
32     offense, or hospitalization may not be granted.
33          (1) Notwithstanding Sections 76-3-201 and 77-18-1 and Title 77, Chapter 16a,
34     Commitment and Treatment of Persons with a Mental Illness, except as provided in Section
35     76-5-406.5, probation [shall] may not be granted, the execution or imposition of sentence
36     [shall] may not be suspended, the court [shall] may not enter a judgment for a lower category
37     of offense, and hospitalization [shall] may not be ordered, the effect of which would in any way
38     shorten the prison sentence for any person who commits a capital felony or a first degree felony
39     involving:
40          [(1)] (a) Section 76-5-202, aggravated murder;
41          [(2)] (b) Section 76-5-203, murder;
42          [(3)] (c) Section 76-5-301.1, child kidnaping;
43          [(4)] (d) Section 76-5-302, aggravated kidnaping;
44          [(5)] (e) Section 76-5-402, rape, if the person is sentenced under Subsection
45     76-5-402(3)(b), (3)(c), or (4);
46          [(6)] (f) Section 76-5-402.1, rape of a child;
47          [(7)] (g) Section 76-5-402.2, object rape, if the person is sentenced under Subsection
48     76-5-402.2(1)(b), (1)(c), or (2);
49          [(8)] (h) Section 76-5-402.3, object rape of a child;
50          [(9)] (i) Section 76-5-403, forcible sodomy, if the person is sentenced under Subsection
51     76-5-403(4)(b), (4)(c), or (5);
52          [(10)] (j) Section 76-5-403.1, sodomy on a child;
53          [(11)] (k) Section 76-5-404, forcible sexual abuse, if the person is sentenced under
54     Subsection 76-5-404(2)(b) or (3);
55          [(12)] (l) Subsections 76-5-404.1(4) and (5), aggravated sexual abuse of a child;
56          [(13)] (m) Section 76-5-405, aggravated sexual assault; or

57          [(14)] (n) any attempt to commit a felony listed in Subsection (6), (8), or (10).
58          (2) The provisions of this section do not apply if the sentencing court finds that the
59     defendant was under the age of 18 at the time of the offense and could have been adjudicated in
60     the juvenile court but for the delayed reporting or delayed filing of the Information, unless the
61     offenses are before the court pursuant to Section 78a-6-701, 78a-6-702, or 78a-6-703.
62          Section 2. Section 76-5-401 is amended to read:
63          76-5-401. Unlawful sexual activity with a minor -- Elements -- Penalties --
64     Evidence of age raised by defendant.
65          (1) For purposes of this section "minor" is a person who is 14 years of age or older, but
66     younger than 16 years of age, at the time the sexual activity described in this section occurred.
67          (2) A person 18 years of age or older commits unlawful sexual activity with a minor if,
68     under circumstances not amounting to rape, in violation of Section 76-5-402, object rape, in
69     violation of Section 76-5-402.2, forcible sodomy, in violation of Section 76-5-403, or
70     aggravated sexual assault, in violation of Section 76-5-405, the actor:
71          (a) has sexual intercourse with the minor;
72          (b) engages in any sexual act with the minor involving the genitals of one person and
73     the mouth or anus of another person, regardless of the sex of either participant; or
74          (c) causes the penetration, however slight, of the genital or anal opening of the minor
75     by any foreign object, substance, instrument, or device, including a part of the human body,
76     with the intent to cause substantial emotional or bodily pain to any person or with the intent to
77     arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person, regardless of the sex of any participant.
78          (3) (a) Except under Subsection (3)(b), a violation of Subsection (2) is a third degree
79     felony.
80          (b) If the defendant establishes by a preponderance of the evidence the mitigating
81     factor that the defendant is less than four years older than the minor at the time the sexual
82     activity occurred, the offense is a class B misdemeanor. An offense under this Subsection
83     (3)(b) is not subject to registration under Subsection 77-41-102(17)(a)(iii).
84          Section 3. Section 76-5-401.3 is enacted to read:
85          76-5-401.3. Unlawful adolescent sexual activity.
86          (1) As used in this section:
87          (a) "Adolescent" means a person in the transitional phase of human physical and

88     psychological growth and development between childhood and adulthood who is 12 years of
89     age or older, but under 18 years of age.
90          (b) "Unlawful adolescent sexual activity" means sexual activity between adolescents
91     under circumstances not amounting to:
92          (i) rape, in violation of Section 76-5-402;
93          (ii) rape of a child, in violation of 76-5-402.1;
94          (iii) object rape, in violation of Section 76-5-402.2;
95          (iv) object rape of a child, in violation of Section 76-5-402.3;
96          (v) forcible sodomy, in violation of Section 76-5-403;
97          (vi) sodomy on a child, in violation of Section 76-5-403.1;
98          (vi) aggravated sexual assault, in violation of Section 76-5-405;
99          (vii) sexual abuse of a child, in violation of Section 76-5-404; or
100          (viii) incest, in violation of Section 76-7-102.
101          (2) Unlawful adolescent sexual activity is punishable as a:
102          (a) third degree felony if an adolescent who is 17 years of age engages in unlawful
103     adolescent sexual activity with an adolescent who is 12 or 13 years of age;
104          (b) third degree felony if an adolescent who is 16 years of age engages in unlawful
105     adolescent sexual activity with an adolescent who is 12 years of age;
106          (c) class A misdemeanor if an adolescent who is 16 years of age engages in unlawful
107     adolescent sexual activity with an adolescent who is 13 years of age;
108          (d) class A misdemeanor if an adolescent who is 14 or 15 years of age engages in
109     unlawful adolescent sexual activity with an adolescent who is 12 years of age;
110          (e) class B misdemeanor if an adolescent who is 17 years of age engages in unlawful
111     adolescent sexual activity with an adolescent who is 14 years of age;
112          (f) class B misdemeanor if an adolescent who is 15 years of age engages in unlawful
113     adolescent sexual activity with an adolescent who is 13 years of age;
114          (g) class C misdemeanor if an adolescent who is 12 or 13 years of age engages in
115     unlawful adolescent sexual activity with an adolescent who is 12 or 13 years of age; and
116          (h) class C misdemeanor if an adolescent who is 14 years of age engages in unlawful
117     adolescent sexual activity with an adolescent who is 13 years of age.
118          (3) Offenses under this section are not eligible for nonjudicial adjustment under

119          Section 78A-6-602 or referral to youth court under Section 78A-6-1203.
120          (4) Unless the offenses are before the court pursuant to Section 78A-6-701, 78A-6-702,
121     or 78A-6-703, the district court may enter any sentence or combination of sentences which
122     would have been available in juvenile court but for the delayed reporting or delayed filing of
123     the information in district court.
124          (5) An offense under this section is not subject to registration under Subsection
125     77-41-102(17).
126          Section 4. Section 77-2-9 is amended to read:
127          77-2-9. Offenses ineligible for diversion.
128          (1) Except as provided in Subsection (2), diversion may not be granted by a magistrate
129     for:
130          (a) a capital felony;
131          (b) a felony in the first degree;
132          (c) any case involving a sexual offense against a victim who is under the age of 14;
133          (d) any motor vehicle related offense involving alcohol or drugs;
134          (e) any case involving using a motor vehicle in the commission of a felony;
135          (f) driving a motor vehicle or commercial motor vehicle on a revoked or suspended
136     license;
137          (g) any case involving operating a commercial motor vehicle in a negligent manner
138     causing the death of another including the offenses of:
139          (i) manslaughter under Section 76-5-205; or
140          (ii) negligent homicide under Section 76-5-206; or
141          (h) a crime of domestic violence as defined in Section 77-36-1.
142          (2) When a person [under the age of 16] is alleged to have committed any violation of
143     Title 76, Chapter 5, Part 4, Sexual Offenses, while under the age of 16, the court may enter a
144     diversion in the matter if the court enters on the record its findings that:
145          (a) the offenses could have been adjudicated in juvenile court but for the delayed
146     reporting or delayed filing of the information in district court, unless the offenses are before the
147     court pursuant to Section 78A-6-701, 78A-6-702, or 78A-6-703;
148          [(a)] (b) the person did not use coercion or force;
149          [(b)] (c) there is no more than two years' difference between the ages of the

150     participants; and
151          [(c)] (d) it would be in the best interest of the person to grant diversion.