1     
JOINT RESOLUTION TO AMEND THE RULES OF CIVIL

2     
PROCEDURE ON DISQUALIFICATION OF A JUDGE

3     
2020 GENERAL SESSION

4     
STATE OF UTAH

5     
Chief Sponsor: Kirk A. Cullimore

6     
House Sponsor: ____________

7     

8     LONG TITLE
9     General Description:
10          This joint resolution amends the Utah Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 63, regarding the
11     disqualification of a judge.
12     Highlighted Provisions:
13          This resolution:
14          ▸     amends the Utah Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 63, on disqualifying a judge
15     without cause and for cause; and
16          ▸     makes technical and conforming changes.
17     Special Clauses:
18          None
19     Utah Rules of Civil Procedure Affected:
20     AMENDS:
21          Rule 63, Utah Rules of Civil Procedure
22     

23     Be it resolved by the Legislature of the state of Utah, two-thirds of all members elected to each
24     of the two houses voting in favor thereof:
25          As provided in Utah Constitution Article VIII, Section 4, the Legislature may amend
26     rules of procedure and evidence adopted by the Utah Supreme Court upon a two-thirds vote of
27     all members of both houses of the Legislature:

28          Section 1. Rule 63, Utah Rules of Civil Procedure is amended to read:
29          Rule 63. Disability or disqualification of a judge.
30          (a) Disqualification of a judge without cause.
31          (a) (1) Motion to disqualify without cause.
32          (a) (1) (A) In an action pending in a court, each side is entitled to file a motion to
33     disqualify one judge without cause, and if the motion is timely, the motion must be granted.
34          (a) (1) (B) Even if two or more parties on one side of an action have adverse or hostile
35     interests, an action, whether single or consolidated, must be treated as only having two sides
36     for purposes of a motion to disqualify a judge without cause.
37          (a) (1) (C) In an action, a side is not entitled to more than one disqualification of a
38     judge without cause.
39          (a) (1) (D) Regardless of when a party joins an action, a party is not entitled to a
40     motion to disqualify a judge without cause if the motion is untimely under paragraph (a)(2).
41          (a) (1) (E) Nothing in this rule precludes the right of any party to file a motion to
42     disqualify a judge for cause under paragraph (b).
43          (a) (2) Filing a motion to disqualify a judge without cause.
44          (a) (2) (A) In filing a motion to disqualify a judge without cause, a party is not required
45     to state any reason for disqualifying the judge, but the party must attest in good faith that the
46     motion is not being filed:
47          (a) (2) (A) (i) for the purpose to delay any action or proceeding; or
48          (a) (2) (A) (ii) to disqualify the judge on the grounds of race, gender, or religious
49     affiliation.
50          (a) (2) (B) The motion must be filed:
51          (a) (2) (B) (i) on the side of a plaintiff or petitioner, within seven days after the day on
52     which a judge is first assigned to the action or proceeding; or
53          (a) (2) (B) (ii) on the side of a defendant or respondent, before or at the time a
54     responsive pleading to a complaint or petition is filed.
55          (a) (2) (C) A motion to disqualify a judge without cause must be accompanied by a
56     request to submit for decision.
57          (a) (2) (D) Failure to file a timely motion precludes the disqualification of a judge
58     under this paragraph (a).

59          (a) (3) Assignment of action.
60          (a) (3) (A) Upon filing a motion, the judge assigned to the action must take no further
61     action in the case.
62          (a) (3) (B) The presiding judge must promptly reassign the action to another judge.
63          (a) (3) (C) If the presiding judge is the judge assigned to the action for which a motion
64     to disqualify without cause has been filed, the associate presiding judge must promptly reassign
65     the action to another judge.
66          (a) (3) (D) If the presiding judge, or associate presiding judge, is unable to assign the
67     action to another judge within the court, the judge may transfer the case to a court in another
68     county in accordance with Utah Code Section 78B-3-309.
69          (a) (4) Exceptions.
70          (a) (4) (A) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a)(1), (a)(2), and (a)(3), a party is not entitled
71     to disqualify a judge without cause:
72          (a) (4) (A) (i) in any proceeding regarding a petition for postconviction relief under
73     Rule 65C;
74          (a) (4) (A) (ii) on a petition to modify child custody, child support, or spousal
75     maintenance, unless the judge assigned to the action is not the same judge assigned to any of
76     the previous actions between the parties;
77          (a) (4) (A) (iii) in an action on remand from an appellate court; or
78          (a) (4) (A) (iv) if, under paragraph (a)(3)(D), the presiding judge, or associate presiding
79     judge, is unable to transfer the case to a court in another county in accordance with Utah Code
80     Section 78B-3-309.
81          (b) Disability or disqualification for cause.
82          [(a)] (b) (1) Substitute judge; Prior testimony. If the judge to whom an action has
83     been assigned is unable to perform his or her duties, then any other judge of that district or any
84     judge assigned pursuant to Judicial Council rule is authorized to perform those duties. The
85     judge to whom the case is reassigned may rehear the evidence or some part of it.
86          [(b)] (b) (2) Motion to disqualify; affidavit or declaration.
87          [(b)(1)] (b) (2) (A) A party to an action or the party's attorney may file a motion to
88     disqualify a judge for cause. The motion must be accompanied by a certificate that the motion
89     is filed in good faith and must be supported by an affidavit or unsworn declaration as described

90     in Title 78B, Chapter 18a, Uniform Unsworn Declarations Act stating facts sufficient to show
91     bias, prejudice or conflict of interest. The motion must also be accompanied by a request to
92     submit for decision.
93          [(b)(2)] (b) (2) (B) The motion must be filed after commencement of the action, but
94     not later than 21 days after the last of the following:
95          [(b)(2)(A)] (b) (2) (B) (i) assignment of the action or hearing to the judge;
96          [(b)(2)(B)] (b) (2) (B) (ii) appearance of the party or the party's attorney; or
97          [(b)(2)(C)] (b) (2) (B) (iii) the date on which the moving party knew or should have
98     known of the grounds upon which the motion is based. If the last event occurs fewer than 21
99     days before a hearing, the motion must be filed as soon as practicable.
100          [(b)(3)] (b) (2) (C) Signing the motion or affidavit or declaration constitutes a
101     certificate under Rule 11 and subjects the party or attorney to the procedures and sanctions of
102     Rule 11.
103          [(b)(4)] (b) (2) (D) No party may file more than one motion to disqualify in an action,
104     unless the second or subsequent motion is based on grounds that the party did not know of and
105     could not have known of at the time of the earlier motion.
106          [(b)(5)] (b) (2) (E) If timeliness of the motion is determined under paragraph
107     [(b)(2)(C)] (b) (2) (B) (iii) or paragraph [(b)(4)] (b) (2) (D), the affidavit or declaration
108     supporting the motion must state when and how the party came to know of the reason for
109     disqualification.
110          [(c)] (b) (3) Reviewing judge.
111          [(c)(1)] (b) (3) (A) The judge who is the subject of the motion must, without further
112     hearing or a response from another party, enter an order granting the motion or certifying the
113     motion and affidavit or declaration to a reviewing judge. The judge must take no further action
114     in the case until the motion is decided. If the judge grants the motion, the order will direct the
115     presiding judge of the court to assign another judge to the action or hearing. Assignment in
116     justice court cases will be in accordance with Utah Code of Judicial Administration Rule
117     9-109. The presiding judge of the court, any judge of the district, or any judge of a court of like
118     jurisdiction may serve as the reviewing judge.
119          [(c)(2)] (b) (3) (B) If the reviewing judge finds that the motion and affidavit or
120     declaration are timely filed, filed in good faith and legally sufficient, the reviewing judge shall

121     assign another judge to the action or hearing or request the presiding judge to do so.
122     Assignment in justice court cases will be in accordance with Utah Code of Judicial
123     Administration Rule 9-109.
124          [(c)(3)] (b) (3) (C) In determining issues of fact or of law, the reviewing judge may
125     consider any part of the record of the action and may request of the judge who is the subject of
126     the motion an affidavit or declaration responding to questions posed by the reviewing judge.
127          [(c)(4)] (b) (3) (D) The reviewing judge may deny a motion not filed in a timely
128     manner.