1     
MENTAL HEALTH RECORDS CONFIDENTIALITY

2     
AMENDMENTS

3     
2021 GENERAL SESSION

4     
STATE OF UTAH

5     
Chief Sponsor: Steve Eliason

6     
Senate Sponsor: Keith Grover

7     

8     LONG TITLE
9     General Description:
10          This bill amends provisions related to the disclosure of certain confidential
11     communications.
12     Highlighted Provisions:
13          This bill:
14          ▸     amends provisions related to the disclosure of confidential communications with
15     mental health therapists, psychologists, behavior analysts, and behavior specialists;
16     and
17          ▸     makes technical changes.
18     Money Appropriated in this Bill:
19          None
20     Other Special Clauses:
21          None
22     Utah Code Sections Affected:
23     AMENDS:
24          58-60-114, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2011, Chapter 366
25          58-61-602, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2011, Chapter 366
26          58-61-713, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2015, Chapter 367
27          63G-2-103, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2020, Chapter 365
28     

29     Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:

30          Section 1. Section 58-60-114 is amended to read:
31          58-60-114. Confidentiality -- Exemptions.
32          (1) [A] Notwithstanding Title 63G, Chapter 2, Government Records Access and
33     Management Act, a mental health therapist under this chapter may not disclose any confidential
34     communication with a client or patient without the express written consent of:
35          (a) the client or patient;
36          (b) the parent or legal guardian of a minor client or patient; or
37          [(c) the authorized agent of a client or patient.]
38          (c) a person authorized to consent to the disclosure of the confidential communication
39     by the client or patient in a written document:
40          (i) that is signed by the client or the patient; and
41          (ii) in which the client's or the patient's signature is reasonably verifiable.
42          (2) A mental health therapist under this chapter is not subject to Subsection (1) if:
43          (a) the mental health therapist is permitted or required by state or federal law, rule,
44     regulation, or order to report or disclose any confidential communication, including:
45          (i) reporting under Title 62A, Chapter 3, Part 3, Abuse, Neglect, or Exploitation of a
46     Vulnerable Adult;
47          (ii) reporting under Title 62A, Chapter 4a, Part 4, Child Abuse or Neglect Reporting
48     Requirements;
49          (iii) reporting under Title 78B, Chapter 3, Part 5, Limitation of Therapist's Duty to
50     Warn; or
51          (iv) reporting of a communicable disease as required under Section 26-6-6;
52          (b) the disclosure is part of an administrative, civil, or criminal proceeding and is made
53     under an exemption from evidentiary privilege under Rule 506, Utah Rules of Evidence; or
54          (c) the disclosure is made under a generally recognized professional or ethical standard
55     that authorizes or requires the disclosure.
56          Section 2. Section 58-61-602 is amended to read:
57          58-61-602. Confidentiality -- Exemptions.

58          (1) [A] Notwithstanding Title 63G, Chapter 2, Government Records Access and
59     Management Act, a psychologist under this chapter may not disclose any confidential
60     communication with a client or patient without the express written consent of:
61          (a) the client or patient;
62          (b) the parent or legal guardian of a minor client or patient; or
63          [(c) the authorized agent of a client or patient.]
64          (c) a person authorized to consent to the disclosure of the confidential communication
65     by the client or patient in a written document:
66          (i) that is signed by the client or the patient; and
67          (ii) in which the client's or the patient's signature is reasonably verifiable.
68          (2) A psychologist under this chapter is not subject to Subsection (1) if:
69          (a) the psychologist is permitted or required by state or federal law, rule, regulation, or
70     order to report or disclose any confidential communication, including:
71          (i) reporting under Title 62A, Chapter 3, Part 3, Abuse, Neglect, or Exploitation of a
72     Vulnerable Adult;
73          (ii) reporting under Title 62A, Chapter 4a, Part 4, Child Abuse or Neglect Reporting
74     Requirements;
75          (iii) reporting under Title 78B, Chapter 3, Part 5, Limitation of Therapist's Duty to
76     Warn; or
77          (iv) reporting of a communicable disease as required under Section 26-6-6;
78          (b) the disclosure is part of an administrative, civil, or criminal proceeding and is made
79     under an exemption from evidentiary privilege under Rule 506, Utah Rules of Evidence; or
80          (c) the disclosure is made under a generally recognized professional or ethical standard
81     that authorizes or requires the disclosure.
82          Section 3. Section 58-61-713 is amended to read:
83          58-61-713. Confidentiality -- Exemptions.
84          (1) A behavior analyst or behavior specialist under this chapter may not disclose any
85     confidential communication with a client or patient without the express written consent of:

86          (a) the client or patient;
87          (b) the parent or legal guardian of a minor client or patient; or
88          [(c) the authorized agent of a client or patient.]
89          (c) a person authorized to consent to the disclosure of the confidential communication
90     by the client or patient in a written document:
91          (i) that is signed by the client or the patient; and
92          (ii) in which the client's or the patient's signature is reasonably verifiable.
93          (2) A behavior analyst or behavior specialist is not subject to Subsection (1) if:
94          (a) the behavior analyst or behavior specialist is permitted or required by state or
95     federal law, rule, regulation, or order to report or disclose any confidential communication,
96     including:
97          (i) reporting under Title 62A, Chapter 3, Part 3, Abuse, Neglect, or Exploitation of a
98     Vulnerable Adult;
99          (ii) reporting under Title 62A, Chapter 4a, Part 4, Child Abuse or Neglect Reporting
100     Requirements;
101          (iii) reporting under Title 78B, Chapter 3, Part 5, Limitation of Therapist's Duty to
102     Warn; or
103          (iv) reporting of a communicable disease as required under Section 26-6-6;
104          (b) the disclosure is part of an administrative, civil, or criminal proceeding and is made
105     under an exemption from evidentiary privilege under Utah Rules of Evidence, Rule 506; or
106          (c) the disclosure is made under a generally recognized professional or ethical standard
107     that authorizes or requires the disclosure.
108          Section 4. Section 63G-2-103 is amended to read:
109          63G-2-103. Definitions.
110          As used in this chapter:
111          (1) "Audit" means:
112          (a) a systematic examination of financial, management, program, and related records
113     for the purpose of determining the fair presentation of financial statements, adequacy of

114     internal controls, or compliance with laws and regulations; or
115          (b) a systematic examination of program procedures and operations for the purpose of
116     determining their effectiveness, economy, efficiency, and compliance with statutes and
117     regulations.
118          (2) "Chronological logs" mean the regular and customary summary records of law
119     enforcement agencies and other public safety agencies that show:
120          (a) the time and general nature of police, fire, and paramedic calls made to the agency;
121     and
122          (b) any arrests or jail bookings made by the agency.
123          (3) "Classification," "classify," and their derivative forms mean determining whether a
124     record series, record, or information within a record is public, private, controlled, protected, or
125     exempt from disclosure under Subsection 63G-2-201(3)(b).
126          (4) (a) "Computer program" means:
127          (i) a series of instructions or statements that permit the functioning of a computer
128     system in a manner designed to provide storage, retrieval, and manipulation of data from the
129     computer system; and
130          (ii) any associated documentation and source material that explain how to operate the
131     computer program.
132          (b) "Computer program" does not mean:
133          (i) the original data, including numbers, text, voice, graphics, and images;
134          (ii) analysis, compilation, and other manipulated forms of the original data produced by
135     use of the program; or
136          (iii) the mathematical or statistical formulas, excluding the underlying mathematical
137     algorithms contained in the program, that would be used if the manipulated forms of the
138     original data were to be produced manually.
139          (5) (a) "Contractor" means:
140          (i) any person who contracts with a governmental entity to provide goods or services
141     directly to a governmental entity; or

142          (ii) any private, nonprofit organization that receives funds from a governmental entity.
143          (b) "Contractor" does not mean a private provider.
144          (6) "Controlled record" means a record containing data on individuals that is controlled
145     as provided by Section 63G-2-304.
146          (7) "Designation," "designate," and their derivative forms mean indicating, based on a
147     governmental entity's familiarity with a record series or based on a governmental entity's
148     review of a reasonable sample of a record series, the primary classification that a majority of
149     records in a record series would be given if classified and the classification that other records
150     typically present in the record series would be given if classified.
151          (8) "Elected official" means each person elected to a state office, county office,
152     municipal office, school board or school district office, local district office, or special service
153     district office, but does not include judges.
154          (9) "Explosive" means a chemical compound, device, or mixture:
155          (a) commonly used or intended for the purpose of producing an explosion; and
156          (b) that contains oxidizing or combustive units or other ingredients in proportions,
157     quantities, or packing so that:
158          (i) an ignition by fire, friction, concussion, percussion, or detonator of any part of the
159     compound or mixture may cause a sudden generation of highly heated gases; and
160          (ii) the resultant gaseous pressures are capable of:
161          (A) producing destructive effects on contiguous objects; or
162          (B) causing death or serious bodily injury.
163          (10) "Government audit agency" means any governmental entity that conducts an audit.
164          (11) (a) "Governmental entity" means:
165          (i) executive department agencies of the state, the offices of the governor, lieutenant
166     governor, state auditor, attorney general, and state treasurer, the Board of Pardons and Parole,
167     the Board of Examiners, the National Guard, the Career Service Review Office, the State
168     Board of Education, the Utah Board of Higher Education, and the State Archives;
169          (ii) the Office of the Legislative Auditor General, Office of the Legislative Fiscal

170     Analyst, Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel, the Legislature, and legislative
171     committees, except any political party, group, caucus, or rules or sifting committee of the
172     Legislature;
173          (iii) courts, the Judicial Council, the Administrative Office of the Courts, and similar
174     administrative units in the judicial branch;
175          (iv) any state-funded institution of higher education or public education; or
176          (v) any political subdivision of the state, but, if a political subdivision has adopted an
177     ordinance or a policy relating to information practices pursuant to Section 63G-2-701, this
178     chapter shall apply to the political subdivision to the extent specified in Section 63G-2-701 or
179     as specified in any other section of this chapter that specifically refers to political subdivisions.
180          (b) "Governmental entity" also means:
181          (i) every office, agency, board, bureau, committee, department, advisory board, or
182     commission of an entity listed in Subsection (11)(a) that is funded or established by the
183     government to carry out the public's business;
184          (ii) as defined in Section 11-13-103, an interlocal entity or joint or cooperative
185     undertaking;
186          (iii) as defined in Section 11-13a-102, a governmental nonprofit corporation;
187          (iv) an association as defined in Section 53G-7-1101;
188          (v) the Utah Independent Redistricting Commission; and
189          (vi) a law enforcement agency, as defined in Section 53-1-102, that employs one or
190     more law enforcement officers, as defined in Section 53-13-103.
191          (c) "Governmental entity" does not include the Utah Educational Savings Plan created
192     in Section 53B-8a-103.
193          (12) "Gross compensation" means every form of remuneration payable for a given
194     period to an individual for services provided including salaries, commissions, vacation pay,
195     severance pay, bonuses, and any board, rent, housing, lodging, payments in kind, and any
196     similar benefit received from the individual's employer.
197          (13) "Individual" means a human being.

198          (14) (a) "Initial contact report" means an initial written or recorded report, however
199     titled, prepared by peace officers engaged in public patrol or response duties describing official
200     actions initially taken in response to either a public complaint about or the discovery of an
201     apparent violation of law, which report may describe:
202          (i) the date, time, location, and nature of the complaint, the incident, or offense;
203          (ii) names of victims;
204          (iii) the nature or general scope of the agency's initial actions taken in response to the
205     incident;
206          (iv) the general nature of any injuries or estimate of damages sustained in the incident;
207          (v) the name, address, and other identifying information about any person arrested or
208     charged in connection with the incident; or
209          (vi) the identity of the public safety personnel, except undercover personnel, or
210     prosecuting attorney involved in responding to the initial incident.
211          (b) Initial contact reports do not include follow-up or investigative reports prepared
212     after the initial contact report. However, if the information specified in Subsection (14)(a)
213     appears in follow-up or investigative reports, it may only be treated confidentially if it is
214     private, controlled, protected, or exempt from disclosure under Subsection 63G-2-201(3)(b).
215          (15) "Legislative body" means the Legislature.
216          (16) "Notice of compliance" means a statement confirming that a governmental entity
217     has complied with an order of the State Records Committee.
218          (17) "Person" means:
219          (a) an individual;
220          (b) a nonprofit or profit corporation;
221          (c) a partnership;
222          (d) a sole proprietorship;
223          (e) other type of business organization; or
224          (f) any combination acting in concert with one another.
225          (18) "Private provider" means any person who contracts with a governmental entity to

226     provide services directly to the public.
227          (19) "Private record" means a record containing data on individuals that is private as
228     provided by Section 63G-2-302.
229          (20) "Protected record" means a record that is classified protected as provided by
230     Section 63G-2-305.
231          (21) "Public record" means a record that is not private, controlled, or protected and that
232     is not exempt from disclosure as provided in Subsection 63G-2-201(3)(b).
233          (22) (a) "Record" means a book, letter, document, paper, map, plan, photograph, film,
234     card, tape, recording, electronic data, or other documentary material regardless of physical form
235     or characteristics:
236          (i) that is prepared, owned, received, or retained by a governmental entity or political
237     subdivision; and
238          (ii) where all of the information in the original is reproducible by photocopy or other
239     mechanical or electronic means.
240          (b) "Record" does not mean:
241          (i) a personal note or personal communication prepared or received by an employee or
242     officer of a governmental entity:
243          (A) in a capacity other than the employee's or officer's governmental capacity; or
244          (B) that is unrelated to the conduct of the public's business;
245          (ii) a temporary draft or similar material prepared for the originator's personal use or
246     prepared by the originator for the personal use of an individual for whom the originator is
247     working;
248          (iii) material that is legally owned by an individual in the individual's private capacity;
249          (iv) material to which access is limited by the laws of copyright or patent unless the
250     copyright or patent is owned by a governmental entity or political subdivision;
251          (v) proprietary software;
252          (vi) junk mail or a commercial publication received by a governmental entity or an
253     official or employee of a governmental entity;

254          (vii) a book that is cataloged, indexed, or inventoried and contained in the collections
255     of a library open to the public;
256          (viii) material that is cataloged, indexed, or inventoried and contained in the collections
257     of a library open to the public, regardless of physical form or characteristics of the material;
258          (ix) a daily calendar or other personal note prepared by the originator for the
259     originator's personal use or for the personal use of an individual for whom the originator is
260     working;
261          (x) a computer program that is developed or purchased by or for any governmental
262     entity for its own use;
263          (xi) a note or internal memorandum prepared as part of the deliberative process by:
264          (A) a member of the judiciary;
265          (B) an administrative law judge;
266          (C) a member of the Board of Pardons and Parole; or
267          (D) a member of any other body, other than an association or appeals panel as defined
268     in Section 53G-7-1101, charged by law with performing a quasi-judicial function;
269          (xii) a telephone number or similar code used to access a mobile communication
270     device that is used by an employee or officer of a governmental entity, provided that the
271     employee or officer of the governmental entity has designated at least one business telephone
272     number that is a public record as provided in Section 63G-2-301;
273          (xiii) information provided by the Public Employees' Benefit and Insurance Program,
274     created in Section 49-20-103, to a county to enable the county to calculate the amount to be
275     paid to a health care provider under Subsection 17-50-319(2)(e)(ii);
276          (xiv) information that an owner of unimproved property provides to a local entity as
277     provided in Section 11-42-205;
278          (xv) a video or audio recording of an interview, or a transcript of the video or audio
279     recording, that is conducted at a Children's Justice Center established under Section 67-5b-102;
280          (xvi) child pornography, as defined by Section 76-5b-103; [or]
281          (xvii) before final disposition of an ethics complaint occurs, a video or audio recording

282     of the closed portion of a meeting or hearing of:
283          (A) a Senate or House Ethics Committee;
284          (B) the Independent Legislative Ethics Commission;
285          (C) the Independent Executive Branch Ethics Commission, created in Section
286     63A-14-202; or
287          (D) the Political Subdivisions Ethics Review Commission established in Section
288     63A-15-201[.]; or
289          (xviii) confidential communication described in Section 58-60-102, 58-61-102, or
290     58-61-702.
291          (23) "Record series" means a group of records that may be treated as a unit for
292     purposes of designation, description, management, or disposition.
293          (24) "Records officer" means the individual appointed by the chief administrative
294     officer of each governmental entity, or the political subdivision to work with state archives in
295     the care, maintenance, scheduling, designation, classification, disposal, and preservation of
296     records.
297          (25) "Schedule," "scheduling," and their derivative forms mean the process of
298     specifying the length of time each record series should be retained by a governmental entity for
299     administrative, legal, fiscal, or historical purposes and when each record series should be
300     transferred to the state archives or destroyed.
301          (26) "Sponsored research" means research, training, and other sponsored activities as
302     defined by the federal Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget:
303          (a) conducted:
304          (i) by an institution within the state system of higher education defined in Section
305     53B-1-102; and
306          (ii) through an office responsible for sponsored projects or programs; and
307          (b) funded or otherwise supported by an external:
308          (i) person that is not created or controlled by the institution within the state system of
309     higher education; or

310          (ii) federal, state, or local governmental entity.
311          (27) "State archives" means the Division of Archives and Records Service created in
312     Section 63A-12-101.
313          (28) "State archivist" means the director of the state archives.
314          (29) "State Records Committee" means the State Records Committee created in
315     Section 63G-2-501.
316          (30) "Summary data" means statistical records and compilations that contain data
317     derived from private, controlled, or protected information but that do not disclose private,
318     controlled, or protected information.