1     
OPTIONAL FIREARM BACKGROUND CHECKS

2     
2022 GENERAL SESSION

3     
STATE OF UTAH

4     
Chief Sponsor: Jeffrey D. Stenquist

5     
Senate Sponsor: ____________

6     

7     LONG TITLE
8     General Description:
9          This bill concerns an optional criminal history background check by a Federal Firearms
10     Licensee before the transfer of a firearm between private parties.
11     Highlighted Provisions:
12          This bill:
13          ▸     defines terms;
14          ▸     provides procedures for an optional criminal history background check by a Federal
15     Firearms Licensee for the transfer of a firearm between persons who are not Federal
16     Firearms Licensees; and
17          ▸     makes technical changes.
18     Money Appropriated in this Bill:
19          None
20     Other Special Clauses:
21          None
22     Utah Code Sections Affected:
23     AMENDS:
24          76-10-501, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2015, Chapters 212 and 406
25     ENACTS:
26          76-10-526.2, Utah Code Annotated 1953
27     


28     Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
29          Section 1. Section 76-10-501 is amended to read:
30          76-10-501. Definitions.
31          As used in this part:
32          (1) (a) "Antique firearm" means:
33          (i) any firearm, including any firearm with a matchlock, flintlock, percussion cap, or
34     similar type of ignition system, manufactured in or before 1898; or
35          (ii) a firearm that is a replica of any firearm described in this Subsection (1)(a), if the
36     replica:
37          (A) is not designed or redesigned for using rimfire or conventional centerfire fixed
38     ammunition; or
39          (B) uses rimfire or centerfire fixed ammunition which is:
40          (I) no longer manufactured in the United States; and
41          (II) is not readily available in ordinary channels of commercial trade; or
42          (iii) (A) that is a muzzle loading rifle, shotgun, or pistol; and
43          (B) is designed to use black powder, or a black powder substitute, and cannot use fixed
44     ammunition.
45          (b) "Antique firearm" does not include:
46          (i) a weapon that incorporates a firearm frame or receiver;
47          (ii) a firearm that is converted into a muzzle loading weapon; or
48          (iii) a muzzle loading weapon that can be readily converted to fire fixed ammunition by
49     replacing the:
50          (A) barrel;
51          (B) bolt;
52          (C) breechblock; or
53          (D) any combination of Subsection (1)(b)(iii)(A), (B), or (C).
54          (2) "Bureau" means the Bureau of Criminal Identification created in Section 53-10-201
55     within the Department of Public Safety.
56          (3) (a) "Concealed firearm" means a firearm that is:
57          (i) covered, hidden, or secreted in a manner that the public would not be aware of its
58     presence; and

59          (ii) readily accessible for immediate use.
60          (b) A firearm that is unloaded and securely encased is not a concealed firearm for the
61     purposes of this part.
62          (4) "Criminal history background check" means a criminal background check
63     conducted by a licensed firearms dealer on every purchaser of a handgun, except a Federal
64     Firearms Licensee, through the bureau or the local law enforcement agency where the firearms
65     dealer conducts business.
66          (5) "Curio or relic firearm" means a firearm that:
67          (a) is of special interest to a collector because of a quality that is not associated with
68     firearms intended for:
69          (i) sporting use;
70          (ii) use as an offensive weapon; or
71          (iii) use as a defensive weapon;
72          (b) (i) was manufactured at least 50 years before the current date; and
73          (ii) is not a replica of a firearm described in Subsection (5)(b)(i);
74          (c) is certified by the curator of a municipal, state, or federal museum that exhibits
75     firearms to be a curio or relic of museum interest;
76          (d) derives a substantial part of its monetary value:
77          (i) from the fact that the firearm is:
78          (A) novel;
79          (B) rare; or
80          (C) bizarre; or
81          (ii) because of the firearm's association with an historical:
82          (A) figure;
83          (B) period; or
84          (C) event; and
85          (e) has been designated as a curio or relic firearm by the director of the United States
86     Treasury Department Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms under 27 C.F.R. Sec. 478.11.
87          (6) (a) "Dangerous weapon" means:
88          (i) a firearm; or
89          (ii) an object that in the manner of its use or intended use is capable of causing death or

90     serious bodily injury.
91          (b) The following factors are used in determining whether any object, other than a
92     firearm, is a dangerous weapon:
93          (i) the location and circumstances in which the object was used or possessed;
94          (ii) the primary purpose for which the object was made;
95          (iii) the character of the wound, if any, produced by the object's unlawful use;
96          (iv) the manner in which the object was unlawfully used;
97          (v) whether the manner in which the object is used or possessed constitutes a potential
98     imminent threat to public safety; and
99          (vi) the lawful purposes for which the object may be used.
100          (c) "Dangerous weapon" does not include an explosive, chemical, or incendiary device
101     as defined by Section 76-10-306.
102          (7) "Dealer" means a person who is:
103          (a) licensed under 18 U.S.C. Sec. 923; and
104          (b) engaged in the business of selling, leasing, or otherwise transferring a handgun,
105     whether the person is a retail or wholesale dealer, pawnbroker, or otherwise.
106          (8) "Enter" means intrusion of the entire body.
107          (9) "Federal Firearms Licensee" means a person who:
108          (a) holds a valid Federal Firearms License issued under 18 U.S.C. Sec. 923; and
109          (b) is engaged in the activities authorized by the specific category of license held.
110          (10) (a) "Firearm" means a pistol, revolver, shotgun, short barreled shotgun, rifle or
111     short barreled rifle, or a device that could be used as a dangerous weapon from which is
112     expelled a projectile by action of an explosive.
113          (b) As used in Sections 76-10-526 and 76-10-527, "firearm" does not include an
114     antique firearm.
115          (11) "Firearms transaction record form" means a form created by the bureau to be
116     completed by a person purchasing, selling, or transferring a handgun from a dealer in the state.
117          (12) "Fully automatic weapon" means a firearm which fires, is designed to fire, or can
118     be readily restored to fire, automatically more than one shot without manual reloading by a
119     single function of the trigger.
120          (13) (a) "Handgun" means a pistol, revolver, or other firearm of any description, loaded

121     or unloaded, from which a shot, bullet, or other missile can be discharged, the length of which,
122     not including any revolving, detachable, or magazine breech, does not exceed 12 inches.
123          (b) As used in Sections 76-10-520, 76-10-521, and 76-10-522, "handgun" and "pistol
124     or revolver" do not include an antique firearm.
125          (14) "House of worship" means a church, temple, synagogue, mosque, or other
126     building set apart primarily for the purpose of worship in which religious services are held and
127     the main body of which is kept for that use and not put to any other use inconsistent with its
128     primary purpose.
129          (15) "Prohibited area" means a place where it is unlawful to discharge a firearm.
130          (16) "Readily accessible for immediate use" means that a firearm or other dangerous
131     weapon is carried on the person or within such close proximity and in such a manner that it can
132     be retrieved and used as readily as if carried on the person.
133          (17) "Residence" means an improvement to real property used or occupied as a
134     primary or secondary residence.
135          (18) "Securely encased" means not readily accessible for immediate use, such as held
136     in a gun rack, or in a closed case or container, whether or not locked, or in a trunk or other
137     storage area of a motor vehicle, not including a glove box or console box.
138          (19) "Short barreled shotgun" or "short barreled rifle" means a shotgun having a barrel
139     or barrels of fewer than 18 inches in length, or in the case of a rifle, having a barrel or barrels
140     of fewer than 16 inches in length, or a dangerous weapon made from a rifle or shotgun by
141     alteration, modification, or otherwise, if the weapon as modified has an overall length of fewer
142     than 26 inches.
143          (20) "Shotgun" means a smooth bore firearm designed to fire cartridges containing
144     pellets or a single slug.
145          (21) "Shoulder arm" means a firearm that is designed to be fired while braced against
146     the shoulder.
147          (22) "Slug" means a single projectile discharged from a shotgun shell.
148          (23) "State entity" means a department, commission, board, council, agency,
149     institution, officer, corporation, fund, division, office, committee, authority, laboratory, library,
150     unit, bureau, panel, or other administrative unit of the state.
151          (24) "Transfer" means to sell, give, lend, deliver, or otherwise provide, with or without

152     consideration.
153          (25) "Transferee" means an unlicensed person who receives a firearm from another
154     unlicensed person.
155          (26) "Transferor" means an unlicensed person who transfers a firearm to another
156     unlicensed person.
157          (27) "Unlicensed person" means a person who is not a Federal Firearms Licensee.
158          [(24)] (28) "Violent felony" means the same as that term is defined in Section
159     76-3-203.5.
160          Section 2. Section 76-10-526.2 is enacted to read:
161          76-10-526.2. Optional criminal history background check for a firearm transfer
162     between unlicensed persons -- Procedures.
163          (1) A transferor and a transferee may request a criminal history background check from
164     a Federal Firearms Licensee before the transfer of a firearm.
165          (2) A Federal Firearms Licensee may conduct the criminal history background check
166     under Subsection (1) to facilitate the transfer of a firearm between a transferor and a transferee
167     if the transferor and the transferee:
168          (a) appear together with the firearm at the Federal Firearms Licensee's place of
169     business or a location where the Federal Firearms Licensee is legally permitted to conduct a
170     criminal history background check; and
171          (b) each complete, sign, and submit all federal and state forms necessary to process the
172     criminal history background check and otherwise complete the transfer under this section.
173          (3) (a) If a request is made under Subsection (1) and a Federal Firearms Licensee
174     agrees to conduct a criminal history background check under Subsection (2), the Federal
175     Firearms Licensee shall:
176          (i) indicate on the forms that the transfer is between unlicensed persons; and
177          (ii) process the transfer in the same manner as when transferring a firearm from the
178     Federal Firearms Licensee's own inventory to a transferee, complying with all federal and state
179     requirements, including record keeping.
180          (b) The Federal Firearms Licensee may charge a reasonable fee, which may include the
181     fee described in Subsection 76-10-526(12), to conduct the criminal history background check
182     and facilitate the transfer under this section, and note the fee on the forms.

183          (4) (a) A transferor may not transfer a firearm to a transferee if the results of the
184     criminal history background check indicate that the transferee is prohibited from possessing or
185     receiving a firearm under state or federal law.
186          (b) This section does not prevent the transferor from removing the firearm from the
187     premises of the Federal Firearms Licensee if the results of the criminal history background
188     check indicate that the transferee is prohibited from possessing or receiving firearms or if the
189     transfer results in a delay described in Subsection 76-10-526(7)(d).