1     
DIVISIVE CONCEPTS IN GOVERNMENT AND EDUCATION

2     
2022 GENERAL SESSION

3     
STATE OF UTAH

4     
Chief Sponsor: John D. Johnson

5     
House Sponsor: ____________

6     

7     LONG TITLE
8     General Description:
9          This bill prohibits certain teaching and training requirements by state and local
10     governments, including within the public education and higher education systems,
11     related to divisive concepts.
12     Highlighted Provisions:
13          This bill:
14          ▸     defines terms;
15          ▸     prohibits public schools, institutions of higher education, and other state and local
16     government entities from:
17               •     including certain divisive concepts in teaching and training materials;
18               •     imposing training requirements that relate to the promotion of certain divisive
19     concepts; and
20               •     accepting funding or grants that relate to the promotion of certain divisive
21     concepts;
22          ▸     requires the Public Education Appropriations Subcommittee, the Higher Education
23     Appropriations Subcommittee, and the Executive Appropriations Committee to
24     consider certain compliance when weighing requests for appropriations;
25          ▸     includes a violation of the prohibitions related to divisive concepts as an automatic
26     trigger for an investigation and hearing by the Utah Professional Practices Advisory
27     Commission related to an educator's license; and

28          ▸     makes technical and conforming changes.
29     Money Appropriated in this Bill:
30          None
31     Other Special Clauses:
32          This bill provides a special effective date.
33     Utah Code Sections Affected:
34     AMENDS:
35          53B-1-301, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2021, Chapters 282, 351, 402, and 425
36          53E-1-202, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2021, Chapters 251 and 319
37          53E-6-604, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2020, Chapter 327
38          53G-10-202, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 293
39          63G-22-102, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2021, Chapter 345
40          63G-22-103, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2018, Chapter 200
41     ENACTS:
42          53B-2-114, Utah Code Annotated 1953
43          53G-10-206, Utah Code Annotated 1953
44     

45     Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
46          Section 1. Section 53B-1-301 is amended to read:
47          53B-1-301. Reports to and actions of the Higher Education Appropriations
48     Subcommittee.
49          (1) In accordance with applicable provisions and Section 68-3-14, the following
50     recurring reports are due to the Higher Education Appropriations Subcommittee:
51          (a) the reports described in Sections 34A-2-202.5, 53B-30-206, and 59-9-102.5 by the
52     Rocky Mountain Center for Occupational and Environmental Health;
53          (b) the report described in Section 53B-7-101 by the board on recommended
54     appropriations for higher education institutions, including the report described in Section
55     53B-8-104 by the board on the effects of offering nonresident partial tuition scholarships;
56          (c) the report described in Section 53B-7-704 by the Department of Workforce
57     Services and the Governor's Office of Economic Opportunity on targeted jobs;
58          (d) the reports described in Section 53B-7-705 by the board on performance;

59          (e) the report described in Section 53B-8-201 by the board on the Opportunity
60     Scholarship Program;
61          (f) the report described in Section 53B-8-303 by the board regarding Access Utah
62     promise scholarships;
63          (g) the report described in Section 53B-8d-104 by the Division of Child and Family
64     Services on tuition waivers for wards of the state;
65          (h) the report described in Section 53B-12-107 by the Utah Higher Education
66     Assistance Authority;
67          (i) the report described in Section 53B-13a-104 by the board on the Success Stipend
68     Program;
69          (j) the report described in Section 53B-17-201 by the University of Utah regarding the
70     Miners' Hospital for Disabled Miners;
71          (k) the report described in Section 53B-26-103 by the Governor's Office of Economic
72     Opportunity on high demand technical jobs projected to support economic growth;
73          (l) the report described in Section 53B-26-202 by the Medical Education Council on
74     projected demand for nursing professionals; and
75          (m) the report described in Section 53E-10-308 by the State Board of Education and
76     board on student participation in the concurrent enrollment program.
77          (2) In accordance with applicable provisions and Section 68-3-14, the following
78     occasional reports are due to the Higher Education Appropriations Subcommittee:
79          (a) upon request, the information described in Section 53B-8a-111 submitted by the
80     Utah Educational Savings Plan;
81          (b) a proposal described in Section 53B-26-202 by an eligible program to respond to
82     projected demand for nursing professionals;
83          (c) a report in 2023 from Utah Valley University and the Utah Fire Prevention Board
84     on the fire and rescue training program described in Section 53B-29-202; and
85          (d) the reports described in Section 63C-19-202 by the Higher Education Strategic
86     Planning Commission on the commission's progress.
87          (3) In accordance with applicable provisions, the Higher Education Appropriations
88     Subcommittee shall complete the following:
89          (a) as required by Section 53B-7-703, the review of performance funding described in

90     Section 53B-7-703;
91          (b) an appropriation recommendation described in Section 53B-26-103 to fund a
92     proposal responding to workforce needs of a strategic industry cluster;
93          (c) an appropriation recommendation described in Section 53B-26-202 to fund a
94     proposal responding to projected demand for nursing professionals; and
95          (d) review of the report described in Section 63B-10-301 by the University of Utah on
96     the status of a bond and bond payments specified in Section 63B-10-301.
97          (4) The Higher Education Appropriations Subcommittee shall consider compliance
98     with Sections 53B-2-114 and 63G-22-103 regarding divisive concepts when weighing requests
99     for appropriations.
100          Section 2. Section 53B-2-114 is enacted to read:
101          53B-2-114. Prohibition on instruction or training promoting divisive concepts in
102     higher education.
103          (1) As used in this section, "divisive concept" means the same as that term is defined in
104     Section 53G-10-206.
105          (2) (a) An institution shall ensure that no course of instruction, unit of study,
106     supplemental course material, training, or training material promotes a divisive concept or
107     directs or otherwise compels students or employees of the institution to personally affirm,
108     adopt, or adhere to a divisive concept.
109          (b) An employee of an institution who has a teaching tole may not:
110          (i) include the promotion of a divisive concept in a course of instruction, unit of study,
111     supplemental course material, training, or training material;
112          (ii) promote a divisive concept in class discussion; or
113          (iii) direct or otherwise compel students to personally affirm, adopt, or adhere to a
114     divisive concept.
115          (c) An institution or an employee of the institution may not:
116          (i) penalize an individual on account of the individual's refusal to support, believe,
117     endorse, embrace, confess, act upon, or otherwise assent to a divisive concept;
118          (ii) require an employee to engage in a training, orientation, or therapy that promotes a
119     divisive concept or presents any form of stereotyping or blame on the basis of race, sex, or
120     national origin; or

121          (iii) accept private or public funding or grants for the purpose of curriculum
122     development, selection of or purchasing materials, any form of instruction, training, or
123     professional development that relates to the promotion of a divisive concept.
124          (d) Nothing in this Subsection (2) prohibits:
125          (i) the teaching and discussion of truthful, balanced, historically accurate, and unbiased
126     concepts, including, after the students have obtained a foundational understanding of the intent
127     and constructions of the constitution:
128          (A) an impartial discussion of controversial aspects of history, if the discussion is
129     based on original source documents; and
130          (B) instruction on the historical oppression of a particular group of people based on
131     race, ethnicity, class, nationality, religion, or geographic region, if the instruction is based on
132     original source documents; or
133          (ii) a discussion of a divisive concept if the concept is discussed as one of several
134     concepts without any promotion, direction, or compulsion.
135          Section 3. Section 53E-1-202 is amended to read:
136          53E-1-202. Reports to and action required of the Public Education
137     Appropriations Subcommittee.
138          (1) In accordance with applicable provisions and Section 68-3-14, the following
139     recurring reports are due to the Public Education Appropriations Subcommittee:
140          (a) the State Superintendent's Annual Report by the state board described in Section
141     53E-1-203;
142          (b) the report described in Section 53E-10-703 by the Utah Leading through Effective,
143     Actionable, and Dynamic Education director on research and other activities; and
144          (c) the report by the STEM Action Center Board described in Section 9-22-109,
145     including the information described in Section 9-22-113 on the status of the computer science
146     initiative.
147          (2) The one-time report by the state board regarding cost centers and implementing
148     activity based costing is due to the Public Education Appropriations Subcommittee in
149     accordance with Section 53E-3-520.
150          (3) In accordance with applicable provisions, the Public Education Appropriations
151     Subcommittee shall complete the following:

152          (a) the review described in Section 53E-2-301 of the WPU value rate; and
153          (b) if required, the study described in Section 53F-4-304 of scholarship payments.
154          (4) The Public Education Appropriations Subcommittee shall consider compliance
155     with Sections 53G-10-206 and 63G-22-103 regarding divisive concepts when weighing
156     requests for appropriations.
157          Section 4. Section 53E-6-604 is amended to read:
158          53E-6-604. State board disciplinary action against an educator.
159          (1) (a) The state board shall direct UPPAC to investigate an allegation, administrative
160     decision, or judicial decision that evidences an educator is unfit for duty because the educator
161     exhibited behavior that:
162          (i) is immoral, unprofessional, or incompetent; or
163          (ii) violates standards of ethical conduct, performance, or professional competence.
164          (b) If the state board determines an allegation or decision described in Subsection
165     (1)(a) does not evidence an educator's unfitness for duty, the state board may dismiss the
166     allegation or decision without an investigation or hearing.
167          (2) The state board shall direct UPPAC to investigate and allow an educator to respond
168     in a UPPAC hearing if the state board receives an allegation that the educator:
169          (a) was charged with a felony of a sexual nature;
170          (b) was convicted of a felony of a sexual nature;
171          (c) pled guilty to a felony of a sexual nature;
172          (d) entered a plea of no contest to a felony of a sexual nature;
173          (e) entered a plea in abeyance to a felony of a sexual nature;
174          (f) was convicted of a sexual offense under Title 76, Chapter 5, Part 4, Sexual
175     Offenses, against a minor child;
176          (g) engaged in sexually explicit conduct, as defined in Section 76-5b-103, with a
177     student who is a minor; or
178          (h) engaged in sexually explicit conduct, as defined in Section 76-5b-103, with a
179     student who:
180          (i) is not enrolled in an adult education program in an LEA;
181          (ii) is not a minor; and
182          (iii) (A) is enrolled in an LEA where the educator is employed; or

183          (B) is a participant in an extracurricular program in which the educator is involved.
184          (3) Upon notice that an educator allegedly violated Section 53E-6-701 or 53G-10-206,
185     the state board shall direct UPPAC to:
186          (a) investigate the alleged violation; and
187          (b) hold a hearing to allow the educator to respond to the allegation.
188          (4) Upon completion of an investigation or hearing described in this section, UPPAC
189     shall:
190          (a) provide findings to the state board; and
191          (b) make a recommendation for state board action.
192          (5) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (5)(b) and subject to Subsection (5)(c), upon
193     review of UPPAC's findings and recommendation, the state board may:
194          (i) revoke the educator's license;
195          (ii) suspend the educator's license;
196          (iii) restrict or prohibit the educator from renewing the educator's license;
197          (iv) warn or reprimand the educator;
198          (v) enter into a written agreement with the educator that requires the educator to
199     comply with certain conditions;
200          (vi) direct UPPAC to further investigate or gather information; or
201          (vii) take other action the state board finds to be appropriate for and consistent with the
202     educator's behavior.
203          (b) Upon review of UPPAC's findings and recommendation, the state board shall
204     revoke the license of an educator who:
205          (i) was convicted of a felony of a sexual nature;
206          (ii) pled guilty to a felony of a sexual nature;
207          (iii) entered a plea of no contest to a felony of a sexual nature;
208          (iv) entered a plea in abeyance to a felony of a sexual nature;
209          (v) was convicted of a sexual offense under Title 76, Chapter 5, Part 4, Sexual
210     Offenses, against a minor child;
211          (vi) engaged in sexually explicit conduct, as defined in Section 76-5b-103, with a
212     student who is a minor;
213          (vii) engaged in sexually explicit conduct, as defined in Section 76-5b-103, with a

214     student who:
215          (A) is not enrolled in an adult education program in an LEA;
216          (B) is not a minor; and
217          (C) is enrolled in an LEA where the educator is employed or is a participant in an
218     extracurricular program in which the educator is involved; or
219          (viii) admits to the state board or UPPAC that the applicant committed conduct that
220     amounts to:
221          (A) a felony of a sexual nature; or
222          (B) a sexual offense or sexually explicit conduct described in Subsection (5)(b)(v), (vi),
223     or (vii).
224          (c) For an alleged violation of Section 53G-10-206, the state board may:
225          (i) only take an action described in Subsection (5)(a)(iv) or (v) for an initial or
226     unintentional violation; and
227          (ii) may take any action described in Subsection (5)(a) for a subsequent or intentional
228     violation.
229          [(c)] (d) The state board may not reinstate a revoked license.
230          [(d)] (e) Before the state board takes adverse action against an educator under this
231     section, the state board shall ensure that the educator had an opportunity for a UPPAC hearing.
232          Section 5. Section 53G-10-202 is amended to read:
233          53G-10-202. Maintaining constitutional freedom in the public schools.
234          (1) [Any] Except as provided in Section 53G-10-206, any instructional activity,
235     performance, or display which includes examination of or presentations about religion, political
236     or religious thought or expression, or the influence thereof on music, art, literature, law,
237     politics, history, or any other element of the curriculum, including the comparative study of
238     religions, which is designed to achieve secular educational objectives included within the
239     context of a course or activity and conducted in accordance with applicable rules or policies of
240     the state and LEA governing boards, may be undertaken in the public schools.
241          (2) No aspect of cultural heritage, political theory, moral theory, or societal value shall
242     be included within or excluded from public school curricula for the primary reason that it
243     affirms, ignores, or denies religious belief, religious doctrine, a religious sect, or the existence
244     of a spiritual realm or supreme being.

245          (3) Public schools may not sponsor prayer or religious devotionals.
246          (4) School officials and employees may not use their positions to endorse, promote, or
247     disparage a particular religious, denominational, sectarian, agnostic, or atheistic belief or
248     viewpoint.
249          Section 6. Section 53G-10-206 is enacted to read:
250          53G-10-206. Prohibition on instruction or training promoting divisive concepts in
251     public education.
252          (1) As used in this section:
253          (a) "Divisive concept" means any of the following divisive concepts:
254          (i) that one identity trait is inherently superior to another identity trait;
255          (ii) that an individual, by virtue of the individual's identity trait, is inherently
256     privileged, racist, sexist, nationalistic, or oppressive, either consciously or subconsciously;
257          (iii) that an individual should be subject to discrimination or receive adverse treatment
258     based on the individual's identity trait;
259          (iv) that an individual's moral character is determined by the individual's identity trait;
260          (v) that an individual, by virtue of the individual's identity trait, bears personal
261     responsibility for actions that other members of the same identity trait committed in the past;
262          (vi) that an individual should feel discomfort, guilt, anguish, or another form of
263     psychological distress solely because of the individual's identity trait;
264          (vii) that the state or the United States is fundamentally, systemically, or irredeemably
265     racist, sexist, or nationalistic;
266          (viii) that the United States government should be violently overthrown;
267          (ix) that an individual should affirm or profess the resentment of an individual based
268     on the individual's identity trait;
269          (x) that certain character traits, values, moral or ethical codes, privileges, or beliefs are
270     ascribed to an identity trait or to an individual because of the individual's identity trait;
271          (xi) that meritocracy or traits such as a hard work ethic are racist, sexist, nationalistic,
272     or created by members of a particular identity trait; or
273          (xii) that the concepts of capitalism, free markets, or free industry are inherently racist.
274          (b) "Educator" means the same as that term is defined in Section 53E-6-102 and any
275     school employee.

276          (c) "Identity trait" means race, ethnicity, sex, religion, national origin, or political
277     affiliation.
278          (d) "Original source document" means an artifact, document, diary, manuscript,
279     autobiography, recording, or any other source of information that was created at the time under
280     study.
281          (2) (a) An LEA shall ensure that no course of instruction, unit of study, supplemental
282     course material, training, or training material promotes a divisive concept or directs or
283     otherwise compels students or educators to personally affirm, adopt, or adhere to a divisive
284     concept.
285          (b) An educator may not:
286          (i) include the promotion of a divisive concept in a course of instruction, unit of study,
287     supplemental course material, training, or training material;
288          (ii) promote a divisive concept in classroom discussion; or
289          (iii) direct or otherwise compel students to personally affirm, adopt, or adhere to a
290     divisive concept.
291          (c) An LEA, a public school, or an employee of an LEA or public school may not:
292          (i) penalize an individual on account of the individual's refusal to support, believe,
293     endorse, embrace, confess, act upon, or otherwise assent to a divisive concept;
294          (ii) require an administrator, employee, or other staff member to engage in a training,
295     orientation, or therapy that promotes a divisive concept or presents any form of stereotyping or
296     blame on the basis of race, sex, or national origin; or
297          (iii) accept private or public funding or grants for the purpose of curriculum
298     development, selection of or purchasing materials, any form of instruction, training, or
299     professional development that relates to the promotion of a divisive concept.
300          (d) Nothing in this Subsection (2) prohibits the teaching and discussion of truthful,
301     balanced, historically accurate, and unbiased concepts, including, after the students have
302     obtained a foundational understanding of the intent and constructions of the constitution:
303          (i) an impartial discussion of controversial aspects of history, if the discussion is based
304     on original source documents; and
305          (ii) instruction on the historical oppression of a particular group of people based on
306     race, ethnicity, class, nationality, religion, or geographic region, if the instruction is based on

307     original source documents.
308          (3) An individual may bring an allegation to the state board against an educator for a
309     violation of this section for investigation and potential discipline in accordance with Section
310     53E-6-604.
311          (4) (a) In addition to the investigation and discipline process described in Subsection
312     (3) and Section 53E-6-604, an individual may pursue a complaint and enforcement under this
313     Subsection (4).
314          (b) (i) No later than August 1, 2022, each LEA shall adopt a complaint resolution
315     policy to address complaints alleging violations of this section at a school within the LEA, in
316     accordance with this Subsection (4)(b).
317          (ii) The complaint resolution policy described in Subsection (4)(b)(i) shall provide that
318     a school or LEA is not required to respond to a complaint under this subsection unless the
319     complaint is made by:
320          (A) the parent or guardian of a student enrolled at the school where the alleged
321     violation occurred;
322          (B) a student who has reached the age of majority or is a lawfully emancipated minor
323     and who is enrolled at the school where the alleged violation occurred;
324          (C) an individual employed as an educator at the school where the alleged violation
325     occurred;
326          (D) the district attorney for the county where the alleged violation occurred; or
327          (E) the attorney general.
328          (iii) An individual described in Subsection (4)(b)(ii) shall:
329          (A) first submit the complaint in writing to the principal of the school where the
330     alleged violation occurred; and
331          (B) ensure that the complaint provides a reasonably detailed description of the alleged
332     violation.
333          (iv) Within five school days of receiving a written complaint described in Subsection
334     (4)(b)(iii) unless the school principal and complainant agree to a different schedule, the
335     principal or the principal's designee shall:
336          (A) review the complaint and take reasonable steps to investigate the allegations in the
337     complaint;

338          (B) determine whether the alleged violation occurred, in whole or in part; and
339          (C) confer with the complainant and inform the complainant whether a violation
340     occurred, in whole or in part, and, if such a violation was found to have occurred, what
341     remedial steps will be taken, subject to the confidentiality of student or personnel information.
342          (v) The determinations described in Subsection (4)(b)(iv) are subject to timely
343     administrative review by the local governing board upon a written request by the complainant
344     to the local governing board.
345          (c) (i) No later than July 1, 2022, the state board shall:
346          (A) promulgate a model policy for a complaint resolution process described in
347     Subsection (4)(b); and
348          (B) post the model policy on the state board's website.
349          (ii) The state board shall:
350          (A) develop guidance for LEAs for use when determining whether violations of this
351     section have occurred; and
352          (B) post the guidance on the state board's website.
353          (d) Following a decision by an LEA under Subsection (4)(b)(v):
354          (i) any party aggrieved by the LEA's decision has a right to appeal the decision to the
355     state board; and
356          (ii) any party aggrieved by the decision of the state board regarding an appeal described
357     in Subsection (4)(d)(i) may appeal the state board's decision to the district court having
358     jurisdiction in which the LEA is located.
359          (e) In any district court action described in Subsection (4)(d)(ii), the court may award
360     court costs and reasonable attorney's fees to the prevailing party.
361          (f) Nothing in this Subsection (4) prohibits, restricts, or limits in any manner any cause
362     of action or administrative procedure otherwise provided for by law and available to any
363     individual, including any public elementary or secondary school student or educator.
364          Section 7. Section 63G-22-102 is amended to read:
365          63G-22-102. Definitions.
366          As used in this chapter:
367          (1) "Divisive concept" means the same as that term is defined in Section 53G-10-206.
368          [(1)] (2) "Political subdivision" means:

369          (a) a county;
370          (b) a municipality, as defined in Section 10-1-104;
371          (c) a local district;
372          (d) a special service district;
373          (e) an interlocal entity, as defined in Section 11-13-103;
374          (f) a community reinvestment agency;
375          (g) a local building authority; or
376          (h) a conservation district.
377          [(2)] (3) (a) "Public employee" means any individual employed by or volunteering for a
378     state agency or a political subdivision who is not a public official.
379          (b) "Public employee" does not include an individual employed by or volunteering for
380     a taxed interlocal entity.
381          [(3)] (4) (a) "Public official" means:
382          (i) an appointed official or an elected official as those terms are defined in Section
383     63A-17-502; or
384          (ii) an individual elected or appointed to a county office, municipal office, school
385     board or school district office, local district office, or special service district office.
386          (b) "Public official" does not include an appointed or elected official of a taxed
387     interlocal entity.
388          [(4)] (5) "State agency" means a department, division, board, council, committee,
389     institution, office, bureau, or other similar administrative unit of the executive branch of state
390     government.
391          [(5)] (6) "Taxed interlocal entity" means the same as that term is defined in Section
392     11-13-602.
393          Section 8. Section 63G-22-103 is amended to read:
394          63G-22-103. State training and certification requirements -- Online training --
395     Divisive Concepts.
396          (1) Each state agency or political subdivision that provides any training or certification
397     that any state agency or political subdivision requires a public employee or public official to
398     complete shall present the training or make the training available in an online web-based
399     format, which may include a live webinar, unless:

400          [(1)] (a) the training or certification:
401          [(a)] (i) includes a physical or interactive component that, in the reasonable
402     determination of the agency or political subdivision, the attendee can only complete in person;
403     or
404          [(b)] (ii) takes place over consecutive full-day sessions; or
405          [(2)] (b) no required attendee will travel more than 50 miles from the attendee's
406     primary residence or place of employment, whichever is closer to the training site, to attend the
407     training.
408          (2) (a) A state agency or political subdivision shall ensure that no training, or training
409     material promotes a divisive concept or directs or otherwise compels trainees or other public
410     employees to personally affirm, adopt, or adhere to a divisive concept.
411          (b) An employee of a state agency or political subdivision may not:
412          (i) include the promotion of a divisive concept in a training or training material or;
413          (ii) direct or otherwise compel trainees or other public employees to personally affirm,
414     adopt, or adhere to a divisive concept.
415          (c) A state agency or political subdivision may not:
416          (i) penalize an individual on account of the individual's refusal to support, believe,
417     endorse, embrace, confess, act upon, or otherwise assent to a divisive concept;
418          (ii) require an employee to engage in a training, orientation, or therapy that promotes a
419     divisive concept or presents any form of stereotyping or blame on the basis of race, sex, or
420     national origin; or
421          (iii) accept private or public funding or grants for the purpose of curriculum
422     development, selection of or purchasing materials, any form of instruction, training, or
423     professional development that relates to the promotion of a divisive concept.
424          (d) The Executive Appropriations Committee shall consider compliance with this
425     Subsection (2) when weighing requests for appropriations.
426          Section 9. Effective date.
427          This bill takes effect on May 4, 2022, with the exception of Section 53B-2-114 which if
428     approved by two-thirds of all the members elected to each house, takes effect upon approval by
429     the governor, or the day following the constitutional time limit of Utah Constitution, Article
430     VII, Section 8, without the governor's signature, or in the case of a veto, the date of veto

431     override.