1     
PROPERTY OWNER ASSOCIATION AMENDMENTS

2     
2024 GENERAL SESSION

3     
STATE OF UTAH

4     
Chief Sponsor: Norman K Thurston

5     
Senate Sponsor: Michael S. Kennedy

6     

7     LONG TITLE
8     General Description:
9          This bill amends provisions of the Condominium Ownership Act and the Community
10     Association Act in relation to radon mitigation.
11     Highlighted Provisions:
12          This bill:
13          ▸     prohibits an association of unit owners or a homeowner association from adopting
14     or enforcing a rule that prohibits an owner from making modifications for radon
15     mitigation.
16     Money Appropriated in this Bill:
17          None
18     Other Special Clauses:
19          None
20     Utah Code Sections Affected:
21     AMENDS:
22          57-8-8.1, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 503
23          57-8a-218, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 503
24     

25     Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
26          Section 1. Section 57-8-8.1 is amended to read:
27          57-8-8.1. Equal treatment by rules required -- Limits on rules.

28          (1) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (1)(b), a rule shall treat similarly situated unit
29     owners similarly.
30          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (1)(a), a rule may:
31          (i) vary according to the level and type of service that the association of unit owners
32     provides to unit owners;
33          (ii) differ between residential and nonresidential uses; or
34          (iii) for a unit that a unit owner leases for a term of less than 30 days, impose a
35     reasonable limit on the number of individuals that may use the common areas and facilities as
36     the rental unit tenant's guest or as the unit owner's guest.
37          (2) (a) If a unit owner owns a rental unit and is in compliance with the association of
38     unit owners' governing documents and any rule that the association of unit owners adopts under
39     Subsection (4), a rule may not treat the unit owner differently because the unit owner owns a
40     rental unit.
41          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (2)(a), a rule may:
42          (i) limit or prohibit a rental unit owner from using the common areas and facilities for
43     purposes other than attending an association meeting or managing the rental unit;
44          (ii) if the rental unit owner retains the right to use the association of unit owners'
45     common areas and facilities, even occasionally:
46          (A) charge a rental unit owner a fee to use the common areas and facilities; and
47          (B) for a unit that a unit owner leases for a term of less than 30 days, impose a
48     reasonable limit on the number of individuals that may use the common areas and facilities as
49     the rental unit tenant's guest or as the unit owner's guest; or
50          (iii) include a provision in the association of unit owners' governing documents that:
51          (A) requires each tenant of a rental unit to abide by the terms of the governing
52     documents; and
53          (B) holds the tenant and the rental unit owner jointly and severally liable for a violation
54     of a provision of the governing documents.
55          (3) (a) A rule may not interfere with the freedom of a unit owner to determine the
56     composition of the unit owner's household.
57          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (3)(a), an association of unit owners may:
58          (i) require that all occupants of a dwelling be members of a single housekeeping unit;

59     or
60          (ii) limit the total number of occupants permitted in each residential dwelling on the
61     basis of the residential dwelling's:
62          (A) size and facilities; and
63          (B) fair use of the common areas and facilities.
64          (4) Unless contrary to a declaration, a rule may require a minimum lease term.
65          (5) Unless otherwise provided in the declaration, an association of unit owners may by
66     rule:
67          (a) regulate the use, maintenance, repair, replacement, and modification of common
68     areas and facilities;
69          (b) impose and receive any payment, fee, or charge for:
70          (i) the use, rental, or operation of the common areas, except limited common areas and
71     facilities; and
72          (ii) a service provided to a unit owner;
73          (c) impose a charge for a late payment of an assessment; or
74          (d) provide for the indemnification of the association of unit owners' officers and
75     management committee consistent with Title 16, Chapter 6a, Utah Revised Nonprofit
76     Corporation Act.
77          (6) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (6)(b), a rule may not prohibit a unit owner
78     from installing a personal security camera immediately adjacent to the entryway, window, or
79     other outside entry point of the owner's condominium unit.
80          (b) A rule may prohibit a unit owner from installing a personal security camera in a
81     common area not physically connected to the owner's unit.
82          (7) (a) A rule may not abridge the right of a unit owner to display a religious or holiday
83     sign, symbol, or decoration inside the owner's condominium unit.
84          (b) An association may adopt a reasonable time, place, and manner restriction with
85     respect to a display that is visible from the exterior of a unit.
86          (8) (a) A rule may not:
87          (i) prohibit a unit owner from displaying in a window of the owner's condominium
88     unit:
89          (A) a for-sale sign; or

90          (B) a political sign;
91          (ii) regulate the content of a political sign; or
92          (iii) establish design criteria for a political sign.
93          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (8)(a), a rule may reasonably regulate the size and
94     time, place, and manner of posting a for-sale sign or a political sign.
95          (9) An association of unit owners:
96          (a) shall adopt rules supporting water-efficient landscaping, including allowance for
97     low water use on lawns during drought conditions; and
98          (b) may not prohibit or restrict the conversion of a grass park strip to water-efficient
99     landscaping.
100          (10) A rule may restrict a sex offender from accessing a protected area that is
101     maintained, operated, or owned by the association, subject to the exceptions described in
102     Subsection 77-27-21.7(3).
103          (11) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (11)(b), a rule may not prohibit a unit owner
104     from making modifications, consistent with industry standards, for radon mitigation.
105          (b) Subsection (11)(a) does not apply if the modifications would violate:
106          (i) a local land use ordinance;
107          (ii) a building code;
108          (iii) a health code; or
109          (iv) a fire code.
110          [(11)] (12) A rule shall be reasonable.
111          [(12)] (13) A declaration, or an amendment to a declaration, may vary any of the
112     requirements of Subsections (1) through (5), except Subsection (1)(b)(ii).
113          [(13)] (14) This section applies to an association of unit owners regardless of when the
114     association of unit owners is created.
115          Section 2. Section 57-8a-218 is amended to read:
116          57-8a-218. Equal treatment by rules required -- Limits on association rules and
117     design criteria.
118          (1) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (1)(b), a rule shall treat similarly situated lot
119     owners similarly.
120          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (1)(a), a rule may:

121          (i) vary according to the level and type of service that the association provides to lot
122     owners;
123          (ii) differ between residential and nonresidential uses; and
124          (iii) for a lot that an owner leases for a term of less than 30 days, impose a reasonable
125     limit on the number of individuals who may use the common areas and facilities as guests of
126     the lot tenant or lot owner.
127          (2) (a) If a lot owner owns a rental lot and is in compliance with the association's
128     governing documents and any rule that the association adopts under Subsection (4), a rule may
129     not treat the lot owner differently because the lot owner owns a rental lot.
130          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (2)(a), a rule may:
131          (i) limit or prohibit a rental lot owner from using the common areas for purposes other
132     than attending an association meeting or managing the rental lot;
133          (ii) if the rental lot owner retains the right to use the association's common areas, even
134     occasionally:
135          (A) charge a rental lot owner a fee to use the common areas; or
136          (B) for a lot that an owner leases for a term of less than 30 days, impose a reasonable
137     limit on the number of individuals who may use the common areas and facilities as guests of
138     the lot tenant or lot owner; or
139          (iii) include a provision in the association's governing documents that:
140          (A) requires each tenant of a rental lot to abide by the terms of the governing
141     documents; and
142          (B) holds the tenant and the rental lot owner jointly and severally liable for a violation
143     of a provision of the governing documents.
144          (3) (a) A rule criterion may not abridge the rights of a lot owner to display a religious
145     or holiday sign, symbol, or decoration:
146          (i) inside a dwelling on a lot; or
147          (ii) outside a dwelling on:
148          (A) a lot;
149          (B) the exterior of the dwelling, unless the association has an ownership interest in, or
150     a maintenance, repair, or replacement obligation for, the exterior; or
151          (C) the front yard of the dwelling, unless the association has an ownership interest in,

152     or a maintenance, repair, or replacement obligation for, the yard.
153          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (3)(a), the association may adopt a reasonable time,
154     place, and manner restriction with respect to a display that is:
155          (i) outside a dwelling on:
156          (A) a lot;
157          (B) the exterior of the dwelling; or
158          (C) the front yard of the dwelling; and
159          (ii) visible from outside the lot.
160          (4) (a) A rule may not prohibit a lot owner from displaying a political sign:
161          (i) inside a dwelling on a lot; or
162          (ii) outside a dwelling on:
163          (A) a lot;
164          (B) the exterior of the dwelling, regardless of whether the association has an ownership
165     interest in the exterior; or
166          (C) the front yard of the dwelling, regardless of whether the association has an
167     ownership interest in the yard.
168          (b) A rule may not regulate the content of a political sign.
169          (c) Notwithstanding Subsection (4)(a), a rule may reasonably regulate the time, place,
170     and manner of posting a political sign.
171          (d) An association design provision may not establish design criteria for a political
172     sign.
173          (5) (a) A rule may not prohibit a lot owner from displaying a for-sale sign:
174          (i) inside a dwelling on a lot; or
175          (ii) outside a dwelling on:
176          (A) a lot;
177          (B) the exterior of the dwelling, regardless of whether the association has an ownership
178     interest in the exterior; or
179          (C) the front yard of the dwelling, regardless of whether the association has an
180     ownership interest in the yard.
181          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (5)(a), a rule may reasonably regulate the time, place,
182     and manner of posting a for-sale sign.

183          (6) (a) A rule may not interfere with the freedom of a lot owner to determine the
184     composition of the lot owner's household.
185          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (6)(a), an association may:
186          (i) require that all occupants of a dwelling be members of a single housekeeping unit;
187     or
188          (ii) limit the total number of occupants permitted in each residential dwelling on the
189     basis of the residential dwelling's:
190          (A) size and facilities; and
191          (B) fair use of the common areas.
192          (7) (a) A rule may not interfere with a reasonable activity of a lot owner within the
193     confines of a dwelling or lot, including backyard landscaping or amenities, to the extent that
194     the activity is in compliance with local laws and ordinances, including nuisance laws and
195     ordinances.
196          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (7)(a), a rule may prohibit an activity within the
197     confines of a dwelling or lot, including backyard landscaping or amenities, if the activity:
198          (i) is not normally associated with a project restricted to residential use; or
199          (ii) (A) creates monetary costs for the association or other lot owners;
200          (B) creates a danger to the health or safety of occupants of other lots;
201          (C) generates excessive noise or traffic;
202          (D) creates unsightly conditions visible from outside the dwelling;
203          (E) creates an unreasonable source of annoyance to persons outside the lot; or
204          (F) if there are attached dwellings, creates the potential for smoke to enter another lot
205     owner's dwelling, the common areas, or limited common areas.
206          (c) If permitted by law, an association may adopt rules described in Subsection (7)(b)
207     that affect the use of or behavior inside the dwelling.
208          (8) (a) A rule may not, to the detriment of a lot owner and over the lot owner's written
209     objection to the board, alter the allocation of financial burdens among the various lots.
210          (b) Notwithstanding Subsection (8)(a), an association may:
211          (i) change the common areas available to a lot owner;
212          (ii) adopt generally applicable rules for the use of common areas; or
213          (iii) deny use privileges to a lot owner who:

214          (A) is delinquent in paying assessments;
215          (B) abuses the common areas; or
216          (C) violates the governing documents.
217          (c) This Subsection (8) does not permit a rule that:
218          (i) alters the method of levying assessments; or
219          (ii) increases the amount of assessments as provided in the declaration.
220          (9) (a) Subject to Subsection (9)(b), a rule may not:
221          (i) prohibit the transfer of a lot; or
222          (ii) require the consent of the association or board to transfer a lot.
223          (b) Unless contrary to a declaration, a rule may require a minimum lease term.
224          (10) (a) A rule may not require a lot owner to dispose of personal property that was in
225     or on a lot before the adoption of the rule or design criteria if the personal property was in
226     compliance with all rules and other governing documents previously in force.
227          (b) The exemption in Subsection (10)(a):
228          (i) applies during the period of the lot owner's ownership of the lot; and
229          (ii) does not apply to a subsequent lot owner who takes title to the lot after adoption of
230     the rule described in Subsection (10)(a).
231          (11) A rule or action by the association or action by the board may not unreasonably
232     impede a declarant's ability to satisfy existing development financing for community
233     improvements and right to develop:
234          (a) the project; or
235          (b) other properties in the vicinity of the project.
236          (12) A rule or association or board action may not interfere with:
237          (a) the use or operation of an amenity that the association does not own or control; or
238          (b) the exercise of a right associated with an easement.
239          (13) A rule may not divest a lot owner of the right to proceed in accordance with a
240     completed application for design review, or to proceed in accordance with another approval
241     process, under the terms of the governing documents in existence at the time the completed
242     application was submitted by the owner for review.
243          (14) Unless otherwise provided in the declaration, an association may by rule:
244          (a) regulate the use, maintenance, repair, replacement, and modification of common

245     areas;
246          (b) impose and receive any payment, fee, or charge for:
247          (i) the use, rental, or operation of the common areas, except limited common areas; and
248          (ii) a service provided to a lot owner;
249          (c) impose a charge for a late payment of an assessment; or
250          (d) provide for the indemnification of the association's officers and board consistent
251     with Title 16, Chapter 6a, Utah Revised Nonprofit Corporation Act.
252          (15) A rule may not prohibit a lot owner from installing a personal security camera
253     immediately adjacent to the entryway, window, or other outside entry point of the owner's
254     dwelling unit.
255          (16) (a) An association
256          shall adopt rules supporting water-efficient landscaping, including allowance for low
257     water use on lawns during drought conditions .
258          (b) A rule may not:
259          (i) prohibit or restrict the conversion of a grass park strip to water-efficient
260     landscaping; or
261          (ii) prohibit low water use on lawns during drought conditions.
262          (c) An association subject to this chapter and formed before March 5, 2023, shall adopt
263     rules required under Subsection (16)(a) before June 30, 2023.
264          (17) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (17)(b), a rule may not prohibit the owner of
265     a residential lot from constructing an internal accessory dwelling unit, as defined in Section
266     10-9a-530, within the owner's residential lot.
267          (b) Subsection (17)(a) does not apply if the construction would violate:
268          (i) a local land use ordinance;
269          (ii) a building code;
270          (iii) a health code; or
271          (iv) a fire code.
272          (18) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (18)(b), a rule may not prohibit the owner of
273     a residential lot from making modifications, consistent with industry standards, for radon
274     mitigation.
275          (b) Subsection (18)(a) does not apply if the modifications would violate:

276          (i) a local land use ordinance;
277          (ii) a building code;
278          (iii) a health code; or
279          (iv) a fire code.
280          [(18)] (19) A rule may restrict a sex offender from accessing a protected area that is
281     maintained, operated, or owned by the association, subject to the exceptions described in
282     Subsection 77-27-21.7(3).
283          [(19)] (20) A rule shall be reasonable.
284          [(20)] (21) A declaration, or an amendment to a declaration, may vary any of the
285     requirements of Subsections (1), (2), (6), and (8) through (14), except Subsection (1)(b)(ii).
286          [(21)] (22) A rule may not be inconsistent with a provision of the association's
287     declaration, bylaws, or articles of incorporation.
288          [(22)] (23) This section applies to an association regardless of when the association is
289     created.
290          Section 3. Effective date.
291          This bill takes effect on May 1, 2024.