1     
VETERINARY TELEHEALTH AMENDMENTS

2     
2024 GENERAL SESSION

3     
STATE OF UTAH

4     
Chief Sponsor: Stephanie Gricius

5     
Senate Sponsor: Curtis S. Bramble

6     

7     LONG TITLE
8     General Description:
9          This bill authorizes veterinary telehealth services.
10     Highlighted Provisions:
11          This bill:
12          ▸     defines terms;
13          ▸     authorizes veterinary telehealth services if providing the service or treatment
14     through telehealth services would meet the standards of the veterinarian profession;
15          ▸     limits when a veterinarian may prescribe a controlled substance through telehealth
16     services; and
17          ▸     repeals the prohibition on establishing a veterinarian-client-patient relationship
18     solely through electronic or telephonic means.
19     Money Appropriated in this Bill:
20          None
21     Other Special Clauses:
22          None
23     Utah Code Sections Affected:
24     AMENDS:
25          58-28-102, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2020, Chapter 435
26          58-28-502, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 329
27          58-28-604, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2006, Chapter 109

28     ENACTS:
29          58-28-607, Utah Code Annotated 1953
30     

31     Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
32          Section 1. Section 58-28-102 is amended to read:
33          58-28-102. Definitions.
34          In addition to the definitions in Section 58-1-102, as used in this chapter:
35          (1) "Abandonment" means to forsake entirely or to refuse to provide care and support
36     for an animal placed in the custody of a licensed veterinarian.
37          (2) "Administer" means:
38          (a) the direct application by a person of a prescription drug or device by injection,
39     inhalation, ingestion, or by any other means, to the body of an animal that is a patient or is a
40     research subject; or
41          (b) a veterinarian providing to the owner or caretaker of an animal a prescription drug
42     for application by injection, inhalation, ingestion, or any other means to the body of the animal
43     by the owner or caretaker in accordance with the veterinarian's written directions.
44          (3) "Animal" means any animal other than a human.
45          (4) "AVMA" means American Veterinary Medical Association.
46          (5) "Board" means the Veterinary Board established in Section 58-28-201.
47          (6) "Client" means the patient's owner, the owner's agent, or other person responsible
48     for the patient.
49          (7) "Direct supervision" means a veterinarian licensed under this chapter is present and
50     available for face-to-face contact with the patient and person being supervised, at the time the
51     patient is receiving veterinary care.
52          (8) "Extra-label use" means actual use or intended use of a drug in an animal in a
53     manner that is not in accordance with approved labeling.
54          (9) "Immediate supervision" means the veterinarian licensed under this chapter is
55     present with the individual being supervised, while the individual is performing the delegated
56     tasks.
57          (10) "Indirect supervision" means a veterinarian licensed under this chapter:
58          (a) has given either written or verbal instructions for veterinary care of a patient to the

59     person being supervised; and
60          (b) is available to the person being supervised by telephone or other electronic means
61     of communication during the period of time in which the veterinary care is given to the patient.
62          (11) "Practice of veterinary medicine, surgery, and dentistry" means to:
63          (a) diagnose, prognose, or treat any disease, defect, deformity, wound, injury, or
64     physical condition of any animal;
65          (b) administer, prescribe or dispense any drug, medicine, treatment, method, or
66     practice, perform any operation or manipulation, apply any apparatus or appliance for the cure,
67     relief, or correction of any animal disease, deformity, defect, wound, or injury, or otherwise
68     practice any veterinary medicine, dentistry, or surgery on any animal;
69          (c) represent by verbal or written claim, sign, word, title, letterhead, card, or any other
70     manner that one is a licensed veterinarian or qualified to practice veterinary medicine, surgery,
71     or dentistry;
72          (d) hold oneself out as able to practice veterinary medicine, surgery, or dentistry;
73          (e) solicit, sell, or furnish any parenterally administered animal disease cures,
74     preventions, or treatments, with or without the necessary instruments for the administration of
75     them, or any and all worm and other internal parasitic remedies, upon any agreement, express
76     or implied, to administer these cures, preventions, treatments, or remedies; or
77          (f) assume or use the title or designation, "veterinary," "veterinarian," "animal doctor,"
78     "animal surgeon," or any other title, designation, words, letters, abbreviations, sign, card, or
79     device tending to indicate that such person is qualified to practice veterinary medicine, surgery,
80     or dentistry.
81          (12) "Practice of veterinary technology" means to perform tasks that are:
82          (a) related to the care and treatment of animals;
83          (b) delegated by a veterinarian licensed under this chapter;
84          (c) performed under the direct or indirect supervision of a veterinarian licensed under
85     this chapter; and
86          (d) permitted by administrative rule and performed in accordance with the standards of
87     the profession.
88          (13) (a) "State certification" means a designation granted by the division on behalf of
89     the state to an individual who has met the requirements for state certification as a veterinary

90     technician related to the practice of veterinary technology.
91          (b) "State certification" does not grant a state certified veterinary technician the
92     exclusive right to practice veterinary technology.
93          (14) "State certified" means, when used in conjunction with the occupation of
94     veterinary technician, a title that:
95          (a) may be used by a person who has met state certification requirements related to the
96     occupation of veterinary technician as described in this chapter; and
97          (b) may not be used by a person who has not met the state certification requirements
98     related to the occupation of veterinary technician as described in this chapter.
99          (15) (a) "Teeth floating" means the removal of enamel points and the smoothing,
100     contouring, and leveling of dental arcades and incisors of equine and other farm animals.
101          (b) "Teeth floating" does not include a dental procedure on a canine or feline.
102          (16) "Telehealth services" means the transmission of animal health-related services or
103     information through the use of electronic communication or information technology.
104          [(16)] (17) "Unlawful conduct" is defined in Sections 58-1-501 and 58-28-501.
105          [(17)] (18) "Unlicensed assistive personnel":
106          (a) means any unlicensed person, regardless of title, to whom tasks are delegated by a
107     veterinarian licensed under this chapter as permitted by administrative rule and in accordance
108     with the standards of the profession; and
109          (b) includes:
110          (i) a veterinary assistant, if working under immediate supervision;
111          (ii) a state certified veterinary technician;
112          (iii) a veterinary technician who:
113          (A) has graduated from a program of veterinary technology accredited by the AVMA
114     that is at least a two-year program; and
115          (B) is working under direct supervision; and
116          (iv) a veterinary technologist who:
117          (A) has graduated from a four-year program of veterinary technology accredited by the
118     AVMA; and
119          (B) is working under indirect supervision.
120          [(18)] (19) "Unprofessional conduct" is as defined in Sections 58-1-501 and 58-28-502

121     and may be further defined by rule.
122          [(19)] (20) "Veterinarian-client-patient relationship" means:
123          (a) a veterinarian licensed under this chapter has assumed responsibility for making
124     clinical judgements regarding the health of an animal and the need for medical treatment of an
125     animal, and the client has agreed to follow the veterinarian's instructions;
126          (b) the veterinarian has sufficient knowledge of the animal to initiate at least a general
127     or preliminary diagnosis of the medical condition of the animal, including knowledge of the
128     keeping and care of the animal [as a result of recent personal examination of the animal or by
129     medically appropriate visits to the premises where the animal is housed]; and
130          (c) the veterinarian has arranged for emergency coverage for follow-up evaluation in
131     the event of adverse reaction or the failure of the treatment regimen.
132          Section 2. Section 58-28-502 is amended to read:
133          58-28-502. Unprofessional conduct.
134          (1) "Unprofessional conduct" includes, in addition to the definitions in Section
135     58-1-501:
136          (a) applying unsanitary methods or procedures in the treatment of any animal, contrary
137     to rules adopted by the board and approved by the division;
138          (b) procuring any fee or recompense on the assurance that a manifestly incurable
139     diseased condition of the body of an animal can be permanently cured;
140          (c) selling any biologics containing living or dead organisms or products or such
141     organisms, except in a manner which will prevent indiscriminate use of such biologics;
142          (d) swearing falsely in any testimony or affidavit, relating to, or in the course of, the
143     practice of veterinary medicine, surgery, or dentistry;
144          (e) willful failure to report any dangerous, infectious, or contagious disease, as required
145     by law;
146          (f) willful failure to report the results of any medical tests, as required by law, or rule
147     adopted pursuant to law;
148          (g) violating Chapter 37, Utah Controlled Substances Act;
149          (h) delegating tasks to unlicensed assistive personnel in violation of standards of the
150     profession and in violation of Subsection (2); [and]
151          (i) making any unsubstantiated claim of superiority in training or skill as a veterinarian

152     in the performance of professional services[.]; and
153          (j) providing a service or treatment described in Section 58-28-607 in a manner that
154     does not meet the standards of the profession.
155          (2) (a) "Unprofessional conduct" does not include the following:
156          (i) delegating to a veterinary technologist, while under the indirect supervision of a
157     veterinarian licensed under this chapter, patient care and treatment that requires a technical
158     understanding of veterinary medicine if written or oral instructions are provided to the
159     technologist by the veterinarian;
160          (ii) delegating to a state certified veterinary technician, while under the direct or
161     indirect supervision of a veterinarian licensed under this chapter, patient care and treatment that
162     requires a technical understanding of veterinary medicine if the veterinarian provides written or
163     oral instructions to the state certified veterinary technician;
164          (iii) delegating to a veterinary technician, while under the direct supervision of a
165     veterinarian licensed under this chapter, patient care and treatment that requires a technical
166     understanding of veterinary medicine if written or oral instructions are provided to the
167     technician by the veterinarian;
168          (iv) delegating to a veterinary assistant, under the immediate supervision of a licensed
169     veterinarian, tasks that are consistent with the standards and ethics of the profession;
170          (v) delegating to an individual described in Subsection 58-28-307(16), under the direct
171     supervision of a licensed veterinarian, the administration of a sedative drug for teeth floating;
172     or
173          (vi) discussing the effects of the following on an animal with the owner of an animal:
174          (A) a cannabinoid or industrial hemp product, as those terms are defined in Section
175     4-41-102; or
176          (B) THC or medical cannabis, as those terms are defined in Section 26B-4-201.
177          (b) The delegation of tasks permitted under Subsections (2)(a)(i) through (v) does not
178     include:
179          (i) diagnosing;
180          (ii) prognosing;
181          (iii) surgery; or
182          (iv) prescribing drugs, medicines, or appliances.

183          (3) Notwithstanding any provision of this section, a veterinarian licensed under this
184     chapter is not prohibited from engaging in a discussion described in Subsection (2)(a)(vi).
185          Section 3. Section 58-28-604 is amended to read:
186          58-28-604. Veterinarian-client-patient relationship.
187          [(1)] A licensee under this chapter may only practice under a veterinarian-client-patient
188     relationship as defined in Section 58-28-102.
189          [(2) A veterinarian-client-patient relationship may not be established solely by
190     telephone or other electronic means.]
191          Section 4. Section 58-28-607 is enacted to read:
192          58-28-607. Veterinary telehealth services -- Limitation on prescribing controlled
193     substances through telehealth services.
194          (1) Subject to Subsection (2), an individual licensed under Section 58-28-301, may
195     engage in the practice of veterinary medicine, surgery, and dentistry. through telehealth
196     services if the service or treatment provided through telehealth services meets the standards of
197     the profession.
198          (2) An individual licensed under Section 58-28-301 may not prescribe a controlled
199     substance using telehealth services unless an animal:
200          (a) is in an emergency situation; and
201          (b) the prescribed dosage is limited to an amount necessary to facilitate the animal
202     obtaining appropriate care.
203          Section 5. Effective date.
204          This bill takes effect on May 1, 2024.