This document includes Senate 2nd Reading Floor Amendments incorporated into the bill on Fri, Feb 2, 2024 at 3:33 PM by lpoole.
Senator Wayne A. Harper proposes the following substitute bill:


1     
ADVANCED AIR MOBILITY AND AERONAUTICS

2     
AMENDMENTS

3     
2024 GENERAL SESSION

4     
STATE OF UTAH

5     
Chief Sponsor: Wayne A. Harper

6     
House Sponsor: Kay J. Christofferson

7     

8     LONG TITLE
9     General Description:
10          This bill amends provision related to aeronautics and advanced air mobility systems.
11     Highlighted Provisions:
12          This bill:
13          ▸     defines terms;
14          ▸     requires roadable aircraft to be registered as both a motor vehicle and as an aircraft;
15          ▸     provides for the distribution of registration fees for roadable aircraft and advanced
16     air mobility systems;
17          ▸     amends definitions related to airports of regional significance;
18          ▸     provides for the leasing of navigable airspace above highway rights-of-way in
19     certain circumstances;
20          ▸     extends certain land use protections to public use vertiports;
21          ▸     clarifies that flight is generally permitted in airspace over state lands and waters;
22          ▸     prohibits government entities from purchasing or operating an unmanned aircraft
23     system manufactured or assembled in certain foreign countries for inspection of
24     certain critical infrastructure; and
25          ▸     makes technical changes.

26     Money Appropriated in this Bill:
27          None
28     Other Special Clauses:
29          This bill provides a special effective date.
30     Utah Code Sections Affected:
31     AMENDS:
32          41-1a-102, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapters 33, 532
33          41-1a-203, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2021, Chapter 59
34          41-1a-205, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2017, Chapters 149, 406
35          41-1a-501, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1992, Chapter 218 and renumbered and
36     amended by Laws of Utah 1992, Chapter 1
37          41-1a-1201, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapters 33, 212, 219, 335, and
38     372
39          41-1a-1206, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapters 22, 33 and 464
40          41-6a-1642, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapters 22, 33 and 532
41          59-12-602, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 361
42          72-2-126, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2022, Chapter 99
43          72-10-102, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 216
44          72-10-109, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 216
45          72-10-110, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 216
46          72-10-401, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 65
47          72-10-403, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 65
48     ENACTS:
49          72-10-1101, Utah Code Annotated 1953
50          72-10-1201, Utah Code Annotated 1953
51          72-10-1202, Utah Code Annotated 1953
52     

53     Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
54          Section 1. Section 41-1a-102 is amended to read:
55          41-1a-102. Definitions.
56          As used in this chapter:

57          (1) "Actual miles" means the actual distance a vehicle has traveled while in operation.
58          (2) "Actual weight" means the actual unladen weight of a vehicle or combination of
59     vehicles as operated and certified to by a weighmaster.
60          (3) "All-terrain type I vehicle" means the same as that term is defined in Section
61     41-22-2.
62          (4) "All-terrain type II vehicle" means the same as that term is defined in Section
63     41-22-2.
64          (5) "All-terrain type III vehicle" means the same as that term is defined in Section
65     41-22-2.
66          (6) "Alternative fuel vehicle" means:
67          (a) an electric motor vehicle;
68          (b) a hybrid electric motor vehicle;
69          (c) a plug-in hybrid electric motor vehicle; or
70          (d) a motor vehicle powered exclusively by a fuel other than:
71          (i) motor fuel;
72          (ii) diesel fuel;
73          (iii) natural gas; or
74          (iv) propane.
75          (7) "Amateur radio operator" means a person licensed by the Federal Communications
76     Commission to engage in private and experimental two-way radio operation on the amateur
77     band radio frequencies.
78          (8) "Autocycle" means the same as that term is defined in Section 53-3-102.
79          (9) "Automated driving system" means the same as that term is defined in Section
80     41-26-102.1.
81          (10) "Branded title" means a title certificate that is labeled:
82          (a) rebuilt and restored to operation;
83          (b) flooded and restored to operation; or
84          (c) not restored to operation.
85          (11) "Camper" means a structure designed, used, and maintained primarily to be
86     mounted on or affixed to a motor vehicle that contains a floor and is designed to provide a
87     mobile dwelling, sleeping place, commercial space, or facilities for human habitation or for

88     camping.
89          (12) "Certificate of title" means a document issued by a jurisdiction to establish a
90     record of ownership between an identified owner and the described vehicle, vessel, or outboard
91     motor.
92          (13) "Certified scale weigh ticket" means a weigh ticket that has been issued by a
93     weighmaster.
94          (14) "Commercial vehicle" means a motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer used or
95     maintained for the transportation of persons or property that operates:
96          (a) as a carrier for hire, compensation, or profit; or
97          (b) as a carrier to transport the vehicle owner's goods or property in furtherance of the
98     owner's commercial enterprise.
99          (15) "Commission" means the State Tax Commission.
100          (16) "Consumer price index" means the same as that term is defined in Section
101     59-13-102.
102          (17) "Dealer" means a person engaged or licensed to engage in the business of buying,
103     selling, or exchanging new or used vehicles, vessels, or outboard motors either outright or on
104     conditional sale, bailment, lease, chattel mortgage, or otherwise or who has an established
105     place of business for the sale, lease, trade, or display of vehicles, vessels, or outboard motors.
106          (18) "Diesel fuel" means the same as that term is defined in Section 59-13-102.
107          (19) "Division" means the Motor Vehicle Division of the commission, created in
108     Section 41-1a-106.
109          (20) "Dynamic driving task" means the same as that term is defined in Section
110     41-26-102.1.
111          (21) "Electric motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle that is powered solely by an
112     electric motor drawing current from a rechargeable energy storage system.
113          (22) "Essential parts" means the integral and body parts of a vehicle of a type required
114     to be registered in this state, the removal, alteration, or substitution of which would tend to
115     conceal the identity of the vehicle or substantially alter the vehicle's appearance, model, type,
116     or mode of operation.
117          (23) "Farm tractor" means a motor vehicle designed and used primarily as a farm
118     implement for drawing plows, mowing machines, and other implements of husbandry.

119          (24) (a) "Farm truck" means a truck used by the owner or operator of a farm solely for
120     the owner's or operator's own use in the transportation of:
121          (i) farm products, including livestock and its products, poultry and its products,
122     floricultural and horticultural products;
123          (ii) farm supplies, including tile, fence, and any other thing or commodity used in
124     agricultural, floricultural, horticultural, livestock, and poultry production; and
125          (iii) livestock, poultry, and other animals and things used for breeding, feeding, or
126     other purposes connected with the operation of a farm.
127          (b) "Farm truck" does not include the operation of trucks by commercial processors of
128     agricultural products.
129          (25) "Fleet" means one or more commercial vehicles.
130          (26) "Foreign vehicle" means a vehicle of a type required to be registered, brought into
131     this state from another state, territory, or country other than in the ordinary course of business
132     by or through a manufacturer or dealer, and not registered in this state.
133          (27) "Gross laden weight" means the actual weight of a vehicle or combination of
134     vehicles, equipped for operation, to which shall be added the maximum load to be carried.
135          (28) "Highway" or "street" means the entire width between property lines of every way
136     or place of whatever nature when any part of it is open to the public, as a matter of right, for
137     purposes of vehicular traffic.
138          (29) "Hybrid electric motor vehicle" means a motor vehicle that draws propulsion
139     energy from onboard sources of stored energy that are both:
140          (a) an internal combustion engine or heat engine using consumable fuel; and
141          (b) a rechargeable energy storage system where energy for the storage system comes
142     solely from sources onboard the vehicle.
143          (30) (a) "Identification number" means the identifying number assigned by the
144     manufacturer or by the division for the purpose of identifying the vehicle, vessel, or outboard
145     motor.
146          (b) "Identification number" includes a vehicle identification number, state assigned
147     identification number, hull identification number, and motor serial number.
148          (31) "Implement of husbandry" means a vehicle designed or adapted and used
149     exclusively for an agricultural operation and only incidentally operated or moved upon the

150     highways.
151          (32) (a) "In-state miles" means the total number of miles operated in this state during
152     the preceding year by fleet power units.
153          (b) If a fleet is composed entirely of trailers or semitrailers, "in-state miles" means the
154     total number of miles that those vehicles were towed on Utah highways during the preceding
155     year.
156          (33) "Interstate vehicle" means a commercial vehicle operated in more than one state,
157     province, territory, or possession of the United States or foreign country.
158          (34) "Jurisdiction" means a state, district, province, political subdivision, territory, or
159     possession of the United States or any foreign country.
160          (35) "Lienholder" means a person with a security interest in particular property.
161          (36) "Manufactured home" means a transportable factory built housing unit constructed
162     on or after June 15, 1976, according to the Federal Home Construction and Safety Standards
163     Act of 1974 (HUD Code), in one or more sections, which, in the traveling mode, is eight body
164     feet or more in width or 40 body feet or more in length, or when erected on site, is 400 or more
165     square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling
166     with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities, and includes
167     the plumbing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems.
168          (37) "Manufacturer" means a person engaged in the business of constructing,
169     manufacturing, assembling, producing, or importing new or unused vehicles, vessels, or
170     outboard motors for the purpose of sale or trade.
171          (38) "Military vehicle" means a vehicle of any size or weight that was manufactured
172     for use by armed forces and that is maintained in a condition that represents the vehicle's
173     military design and markings regardless of current ownership or use.
174          (39) "Mobile home" means a transportable factory built housing unit built prior to June
175     15, 1976, in accordance with a state mobile home code which existed prior to the Federal
176     Manufactured Housing and Safety Standards Act (HUD Code).
177          (40) "Motor fuel" means the same as that term is defined in Section 59-13-102.
178          (41) (a) "Motor vehicle" means a self-propelled vehicle intended primarily for use and
179     operation on the highways.
180          (b) "Motor vehicle" includes a roadable aircraft.

181          [(b)] (c) "Motor vehicle" does not include:
182          (i) an off-highway vehicle; or
183          (ii) a motor assisted scooter as defined in Section 41-6a-102.
184          (42) "Motorboat" means the same as that term is defined in Section 73-18-2.
185          (43) "Motorcycle" means:
186          (a) a motor vehicle having a saddle for the use of the rider and designed to travel on not
187     more than three wheels in contact with the ground; or
188          (b) an autocycle.
189          (44) "Natural gas" means a fuel of which the primary constituent is methane.
190          (45) (a) "Nonresident" means a person who is not a resident of this state as defined by
191     Section 41-1a-202, and who does not engage in intrastate business within this state and does
192     not operate in that business any motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer within this state.
193          (b) A person who engages in intrastate business within this state and operates in that
194     business any motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer in this state or who, even though engaging in
195     interstate commerce, maintains a vehicle in this state as the home station of that vehicle is
196     considered a resident of this state, insofar as that vehicle is concerned in administering this
197     chapter.
198          (46) "Odometer" means a device for measuring and recording the actual distance a
199     vehicle travels while in operation, but does not include any auxiliary odometer designed to be
200     periodically reset.
201          (47) "Off-highway implement of husbandry" means the same as that term is defined in
202     Section 41-22-2.
203          (48) "Off-highway vehicle" means the same as that term is defined in Section 41-22-2.
204          (49) (a) "Operate" means:
205          (i) to navigate a vessel; or
206          (ii) collectively, the activities performed in order to perform the entire dynamic driving
207     task for a given motor vehicle by:
208          (A) a human driver as defined in Section 41-26-102.1; or
209          (B) an engaged automated driving system.
210          (b) "Operate" includes testing of an automated driving system.
211          (50) "Original issue license plate" means a license plate that is of a format and type

212     issued by the state in the same year as the model year of a vehicle that is a model year 1973 or
213     older.
214          (51) "Outboard motor" means a detachable self-contained propulsion unit, excluding
215     fuel supply, used to propel a vessel.
216          (52) (a) "Owner" means a person, other than a lienholder, holding title to a vehicle,
217     vessel, or outboard motor whether or not the vehicle, vessel, or outboard motor is subject to a
218     security interest.
219          (b) If a vehicle is the subject of an agreement for the conditional sale or installment
220     sale or mortgage of the vehicle with the right of purchase upon performance of the conditions
221     stated in the agreement and with an immediate right of possession vested in the conditional
222     vendee or mortgagor, or if the vehicle is the subject of a security agreement, then the
223     conditional vendee, mortgagor, or debtor is considered the owner for the purposes of this
224     chapter.
225          (c) If a vehicle is the subject of an agreement to lease, the lessor is considered the
226     owner until the lessee exercises the lessee's option to purchase the vehicle.
227          (53) "Park model recreational vehicle" means a unit that:
228          (a) is designed and marketed as temporary living quarters for recreational, camping,
229     travel, or seasonal use;
230          (b) is not permanently affixed to real property for use as a permanent dwelling;
231          (c) requires a special highway movement permit for transit; and
232          (d) is built on a single chassis mounted on wheels with a gross trailer area not
233     exceeding 400 square feet in the setup mode.
234          (54) "Personalized license plate" means a license plate that has displayed on it a
235     combination of letters, numbers, or both as requested by the owner of the vehicle and assigned
236     to the vehicle by the division.
237          (55) (a) "Pickup truck" means a two-axle motor vehicle with motive power
238     manufactured, remanufactured, or materially altered to provide an open cargo area.
239          (b) "Pickup truck" includes a motor vehicle with the open cargo area covered with a
240     camper, camper shell, tarp, removable top, or similar structure.
241          (56) "Plug-in hybrid electric motor vehicle" means a hybrid electric motor vehicle that
242     has the capability to charge the battery or batteries used for vehicle propulsion from an

243     off-vehicle electric source, such that the off-vehicle source cannot be connected to the vehicle
244     while the vehicle is in motion.
245          (57) "Pneumatic tire" means a tire in which compressed air is designed to support the
246     load.
247          (58) "Preceding year" means a period of 12 consecutive months fixed by the division
248     that is within 16 months immediately preceding the commencement of the registration or
249     license year in which proportional registration is sought. The division in fixing the period shall
250     conform it to the terms, conditions, and requirements of any applicable agreement or
251     arrangement for the proportional registration of vehicles.
252          (59) "Public garage" means a building or other place where vehicles or vessels are kept
253     and stored and where a charge is made for the storage and keeping of vehicles and vessels.
254          (60) "Receipt of surrender of ownership documents" means the receipt of surrender of
255     ownership documents described in Section 41-1a-503.
256          (61) "Reconstructed vehicle" means a vehicle of a type required to be registered in this
257     state that is materially altered from its original construction by the removal, addition, or
258     substitution of essential parts, new or used.
259          (62) "Recreational vehicle" means the same as that term is defined in Section
260     13-14-102.
261          (63) "Registration" means a document issued by a jurisdiction that allows operation of
262     a vehicle or vessel on the highways or waters of this state for the time period for which the
263     registration is valid and that is evidence of compliance with the registration requirements of the
264     jurisdiction.
265          (64) "Registration decal" means the decal issued by the division that is evidence of
266     compliance with the division's registration requirements.
267          (65) (a) "Registration year" means a 12 consecutive month period commencing with
268     the completion of the applicable registration criteria.
269          (b) For administration of a multistate agreement for proportional registration the
270     division may prescribe a different 12-month period.
271          (66) "Repair or replacement" means the restoration of vehicles, vessels, or outboard
272     motors to a sound working condition by substituting any inoperative part of the vehicle, vessel,
273     or outboard motor, or by correcting the inoperative part.

274          (67) "Replica vehicle" means:
275          (a) a street rod that meets the requirements under Subsection 41-21-1(3)(a)(i)(B); or
276          (b) a custom vehicle that meets the requirements under Subsection
277     41-6a-1507(1)(a)(i)(B).
278          (68) "Restored-modified vehicle" means a motor vehicle that has been restored and
279     modified with modern parts and technology, including emission control technology and an
280     on-board diagnostic system.
281          (69) "Road tractor" means a motor vehicle designed and used for drawing other
282     vehicles and constructed so it does not carry any load either independently or any part of the
283     weight of a vehicle or load that is drawn.
284          (70) "Roadable aircraft" means the same as that term is defined in Section 72-10-102.
285          [(70)] (71) "Sailboat" means the same as that term is defined in Section 73-18-2.
286          [(71)] (72) "Security interest" means an interest that is reserved or created by a security
287     agreement to secure the payment or performance of an obligation and that is valid against third
288     parties.
289          [(72)] (73) "Semitrailer" means a vehicle without motive power designed for carrying
290     persons or property and for being drawn by a motor vehicle and constructed so that some part
291     of its weight and its load rests or is carried by another vehicle.
292          [(73)] (74) "Special group license plate" means a type of license plate designed for a
293     particular group of people or a license plate authorized and issued by the division in accordance
294     with Section 41-1a-418 or Part 16, Sponsored Special Group License Plates.
295          [(74)] (75) (a) "Special interest vehicle" means a vehicle used for general
296     transportation purposes and that is:
297          (i) 20 years or older from the current year; or
298          (ii) a make or model of motor vehicle recognized by the division director as having
299     unique interest or historic value.
300          (b) In making a determination under Subsection [(74)(a)] (75)(a), the division director
301     shall give special consideration to:
302          (i) a make of motor vehicle that is no longer manufactured;
303          (ii) a make or model of motor vehicle produced in limited or token quantities;
304          (iii) a make or model of motor vehicle produced as an experimental vehicle or one

305     designed exclusively for educational purposes or museum display; or
306          (iv) a motor vehicle of any age or make that has not been substantially altered or
307     modified from original specifications of the manufacturer and because of its significance is
308     being collected, preserved, restored, maintained, or operated by a collector or hobbyist as a
309     leisure pursuit.
310          [(75)] (76) (a) "Special mobile equipment" means a vehicle:
311          (i) not designed or used primarily for the transportation of persons or property;
312          (ii) not designed to operate in traffic; and
313          (iii) only incidentally operated or moved over the highways.
314          (b) "Special mobile equipment" includes:
315          (i) farm tractors;
316          (ii) off-road motorized construction or maintenance equipment including backhoes,
317     bulldozers, compactors, graders, loaders, road rollers, tractors, and trenchers; and
318          (iii) ditch-digging apparatus.
319          (c) "Special mobile equipment" does not include a commercial vehicle as defined
320     under Section 72-9-102.
321          [(76)] (77) "Specially constructed vehicle" means a vehicle of a type required to be
322     registered in this state, not originally constructed under a distinctive name, make, model, or
323     type by a generally recognized manufacturer of vehicles, and not materially altered from its
324     original construction.
325          [(77)] (78) (a) "Standard license plate" means a license plate for general issue
326     described in Subsection 41-1a-402(1).
327          (b) "Standard license plate" includes a license plate for general issue that the division
328     issues before January 1, 2024.
329          [(78)] (79) "State impound yard" means a yard for the storage of a vehicle, vessel, or
330     outboard motor that meets the requirements of rules made by the commission pursuant to
331     Subsection 41-1a-1101(5).
332          [(79)] (80) "Symbol decal" means the decal that is designed to represent a special
333     group and displayed on a special group license plate.
334          [(80)] (81) "Title" means the right to or ownership of a vehicle, vessel, or outboard
335     motor.

336          [(81)] (82) (a) "Total fleet miles" means the total number of miles operated in all
337     jurisdictions during the preceding year by power units.
338          (b) If fleets are composed entirely of trailers or semitrailers, "total fleet miles" means
339     the number of miles that those vehicles were towed on the highways of all jurisdictions during
340     the preceding year.
341          [(82)] (83) "Tow truck motor carrier" means the same as that term is defined in Section
342     72-9-102.
343          [(83)] (84) "Tow truck operator" means the same as that term is defined in Section
344     72-9-102.
345          [(84)] (85) "Trailer" means a vehicle without motive power designed for carrying
346     persons or property and for being drawn by a motor vehicle and constructed so that no part of
347     its weight rests upon the towing vehicle.
348          [(85)] (86) "Transferee" means a person to whom the ownership of property is
349     conveyed by sale, gift, or any other means except by the creation of a security interest.
350          [(86)] (87) "Transferor" means a person who transfers the person's ownership in
351     property by sale, gift, or any other means except by creation of a security interest.
352          [(87)] (88) "Travel trailer," "camping trailer," or "fifth wheel trailer" means a portable
353     vehicle without motive power, designed as a temporary dwelling for travel, recreational, or
354     vacation use that does not require a special highway movement permit when drawn by a
355     self-propelled motor vehicle.
356          [(88)] (89) "Truck tractor" means a motor vehicle designed and used primarily for
357     drawing other vehicles and not constructed to carry a load other than a part of the weight of the
358     vehicle and load that is drawn.
359          [(89)] (90) "Vehicle" includes a motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, off-highway vehicle,
360     camper, park model recreational vehicle, manufactured home, and mobile home.
361          [(90)] (91) "Vessel" means the same as that term is defined in Section 73-18-2.
362          [(91)] (92) "Vintage vehicle" means the same as that term is defined in Section
363     41-21-1.
364          [(92)] (93) "Waters of this state" means the same as that term is defined in Section
365     73-18-2.
366          [(93)] (94) "Weighmaster" means a person, association of persons, or corporation

367     permitted to weigh vehicles under this chapter.
368          Section 2. Section 41-1a-203 is amended to read:
369          41-1a-203. Prerequisites for registration, transfer of ownership, or registration
370     renewal.
371          (1) (a) (i) Except as provided in Subsection (1)(b), the division shall mail a notification
372     to the owner of a vehicle at least 30 days before the date the vehicle's registration is due to
373     expire.
374          (ii) The division shall ensure that mailing of notifications described in Section (1)(a)(i)
375     begins as soon as practicable.
376          (b) (i) The division shall provide a process for a vehicle owner to choose to receive
377     electronic notification of the pending expiration of a vehicle's registration.
378          (ii) If a vehicle owner chooses electronic notification, the division shall notify by email
379     the owner of a vehicle at least 30 days before the date the vehicle's registration is due to expire.
380          (2) Except as otherwise provided, before registration of a vehicle, an owner shall:
381          (a) obtain an identification number inspection under Section 41-1a-204;
382          (b) obtain a certificate of emissions inspection, if required in the current year, as
383     provided under Section 41-6a-1642;
384          (c) pay property taxes, the in lieu fee, or receive a property tax clearance under Section
385     41-1a-206 or 41-1a-207;
386          (d) pay the automobile driver education tax required by Section 41-1a-208;
387          (e) pay the applicable registration fee under Part 12, Fee and Tax Requirements;
388          (f) pay the uninsured motorist identification fee under Section 41-1a-1218, if
389     applicable;
390          (g) pay the motor carrier fee under Section 41-1a-1219, if applicable;
391          (h) pay any applicable local emissions compliance fee under Section 41-1a-1223; [and]
392          (i) pay the taxes applicable under Title 59, Chapter 12, Sales and Use Tax Act[.]; and
393          (j) for a roadable aircraft, provide proof of registration of the roadable aircraft as an
394     aircraft under Section 72-10-109.
395          (3) In addition to the requirements in Subsection (1), an owner of a vehicle that has not
396     been previously registered or that is currently registered under a previous owner's name shall
397     apply for a valid certificate of title in the owner's name before registration.

398          (4) The division may not issue a new registration, transfer of ownership, or registration
399     renewal under Section 73-18-7 for a vessel or outboard motor that is subject to this chapter
400     unless a certificate of title has been or is in the process of being issued in the same owner's
401     name.
402          (5) The division may not issue a new registration, transfer of ownership, or registration
403     renewal under Section 41-22-3 for an off-highway vehicle that is subject to this chapter unless
404     a certificate of title has been or is in the process of being issued in the same owner's name.
405          (6) The division may not issue a registration renewal for a motor vehicle if the division
406     has received a hold request for the motor vehicle for which a registration renewal has been
407     requested as described in:
408          (a) Section 72-1-213.1; or
409          (b) Section 72-6-118.
410          Section 3. Section 41-1a-205 is amended to read:
411          41-1a-205. Safety inspection certificate required for commercial motor vehicles
412     and initial registration of street-legal ATVs and salvage vehicles.
413          (1) A street-legal all-terrain vehicle registered in accordance with Section 41-6a-1509
414     is subject to a safety inspection the first time that a person registers an off-highway vehicle as a
415     street-legal all-terrain vehicle.
416          (2) A salvage vehicle as defined in Section 41-1a-1001 is subject to a safety inspection
417     when the owner makes the initial application to register the vehicle as a salvage vehicle.
418          (3) A roadable aircraft is subject to a safety inspection when the owner makes the
419     initial application to register the roadable aircraft.
420          [(3)] (4) A safety inspection certificate shall be displayed on:
421          (a) all registered commercial vehicles as defined in Section 72-9-102;
422          (b) a motor vehicle with three or more axles, pulling a trailer, or pulling a trailer with
423     multiple axles;
424          (c) a combination unit;
425          (d) a bus or van for hire;
426          (e) a taxicab; and
427          (f) a motor vehicle operated by a ground transportation service provider as defined in
428     Section 72-10-601.

429          [(4)] (5) Subject to Subsection 53-8-209(3), a violation of this section is an infraction.
430          Section 4. Section 41-1a-501 is amended to read:
431          41-1a-501. Certificate of title required.
432          Unless exempted, each owner of a motor vehicle, vessel, outboard motor, trailer,
433     semitrailer, manufactured home, mobile home, [or] off-highway vehicle, or roadable aircraft
434     shall apply to the division for a certificate of title on forms furnished by the division as
435     evidence of ownership.
436          Section 5. Section 41-1a-1201 is amended to read:
437          41-1a-1201. Disposition of fees.
438          (1) All fees received and collected under this part shall be transmitted daily to the state
439     treasurer.
440          (2) Except as provided in Subsections (3), (5), (6), (7), (8), and (9) and Sections
441     41-1a-1205, 41-1a-1220, 41-1a-1221, 41-1a-1222, 41-1a-1223, and 41-1a-1603, all fees
442     collected under this part shall be deposited into the Transportation Fund.
443          (3) Funds generated under Subsections 41-1a-1211(1)(b)(ii), (6)(b)(ii), (7), and (9), and
444     Section 41-1a-1212 shall be deposited into the License Plate Restricted Account created in
445     Section 41-1a-122.
446          (4) (a) Except as provided in Subsections (3) and (4)(b) and Section 41-1a-1205, the
447     expenses of the commission in enforcing and administering this part shall be provided for by
448     legislative appropriation from the revenues of the Transportation Fund.
449          (b) Three dollars of the registration fees imposed under Subsections 41-1a-1206(2)(a)
450     and (b) for each vehicle registered for a six-month registration period under Section
451     41-1a-215.5 may be used by the commission to cover the costs incurred in enforcing and
452     administering this part.
453          (c) Fifty cents of the registration fee imposed under Subsection 41-1a-1206(1)(i) for
454     each vintage vehicle that has a model year of 1981 or newer may be used by the commission to
455     cover the costs incurred in enforcing and administering this part.
456          (5) (a) The following portions of the registration fees imposed under Section
457     41-1a-1206 for each vehicle shall be deposited into the Transportation Investment Fund of
458     2005 created in Section 72-2-124:
459          (i) $30 of the registration fees imposed under Subsections 41-1a-1206(1)(a), (1)(b),

460     (1)(f), (4), and (7);
461          (ii) $21 of the registration fees imposed under Subsections 41-1a-1206(1)(c)(i) and
462     (1)(c)(ii);
463          (iii) $2.50 of the registration fee imposed under Subsection 41-1a-1206(1)(e)(ii);
464          (iv) $23 of the registration fee imposed under Subsection 41-1a-1206(1)(d)(i);
465          (v) $24.50 of the registration fee imposed under Subsection 41-1a-1206(1)(e)(i); [and]
466          (vi) $1 of the registration fee imposed under Subsection 41-1a-1206(1)(d)(ii)[.]; and
467          (vii) $17 of the registration fee imposed under Subsection 41-1a-1206(1)(j).
468          (b) The following portions of the registration fees collected for each vehicle registered
469     for a six-month registration period under Section 41-1a-215.5 shall be deposited into the
470     Transportation Investment Fund of 2005 created in Section 72-2-124:
471          (i) $23.25 of each registration fee collected under Subsection 41-1a-1206(2)(a)(i); and
472          (ii) $23 of each registration fee collected under Subsection 41-1a-1206(2)(a)(ii).
473          (6) (a) Ninety-four cents of each registration fee imposed under Subsections
474     41-1a-1206(1)(a) and (b) for each vehicle shall be deposited into the Public Safety Restricted
475     Account created in Section 53-3-106.
476          (b) Seventy-one cents of each registration fee imposed under Subsections
477     41-1a-1206(2)(a) and (b) for each vehicle registered for a six-month registration period under
478     Section 41-1a-215.5 shall be deposited into the Public Safety Restricted Account created in
479     Section 53-3-106.
480          (7) (a) One dollar of each registration fee imposed under Subsections 41-1a-1206(1)(a)
481     and (b) for each vehicle shall be deposited into the Motor Vehicle Safety Impact Restricted
482     Account created in Section 53-8-214.
483          (b) One dollar of each registration fee imposed under Subsections 41-1a-1206(2)(a)
484     and (b) for each vehicle registered for a six-month registration period under Section
485     41-1a-215.5 shall be deposited into the Motor Vehicle Safety Impact Restricted Account
486     created in Section 53-8-214.
487          (8) Fifty cents of each registration fee imposed under Subsection 41-1a-1206(1)(a) for
488     each motorcycle shall be deposited into the Neuro-Rehabilitation Fund created in Section
489     26B-1-319.
490          (9) (a) Beginning on January 1, 2024, subject to Subsection (9)(b), $2 of each

491     registration fee imposed under Section 41-1a-1206 shall be deposited into the Rural
492     Transportation Infrastructure Fund created in Section 72-2-133.
493          (b) Beginning on January 1, 2025, and each January 1 thereafter, the amount described
494     in Subsection (9)(a) shall be annually adjusted by taking the amount deposited the previous
495     year and adding an amount equal to the greater of:
496          (i) an amount calculated by multiplying the amount deposited by the previous year by
497     the actual percentage change during the previous fiscal year in the Consumer Price Index; and
498          (ii) 0.
499          (c) The amounts calculated as described in Subsection (9)(b) shall be rounded up to the
500     nearest 1 cent.
501          Section 6. Section 41-1a-1206 is amended to read:
502          41-1a-1206. Registration fees -- Fees by gross laden weight.
503          (1) Except as provided in Subsections (2) and (3), at the time application is made for
504     registration or renewal of registration of a vehicle or combination of vehicles under this
505     chapter, a registration fee shall be paid to the division as follows:
506          (a) $46.00 for each motorcycle;
507          (b) $44 for each motor vehicle of 12,000 pounds or less gross laden weight, excluding
508     motorcycles;
509          (c) unless the semitrailer or trailer is exempt from registration under Section 41-1a-202
510     or is registered under Section 41-1a-301:
511          (i) $31 for each trailer or semitrailer over 750 pounds gross unladen weight; or
512          (ii) $28.50 for each commercial trailer or commercial semitrailer of 750 pounds or less
513     gross unladen weight;
514          (d) (i) $53 for each farm truck over 12,000 pounds, but not exceeding 14,000 pounds
515     gross laden weight; plus
516          (ii) $9 for each 2,000 pounds over 14,000 pounds gross laden weight;
517          (e) (i) $69.50 for each motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles, excluding farm
518     trucks, over 12,000 pounds, but not exceeding 14,000 pounds gross laden weight; plus
519          (ii) $19 for each 2,000 pounds over 14,000 pounds gross laden weight;
520          (f) (i) $69.50 for each park model recreational vehicle over 12,000 pounds, but not
521     exceeding 14,000 pounds gross laden weight; plus

522          (ii) $19 for each 2,000 pounds over 14,000 pounds gross laden weight;
523          (g) $45 for each vintage vehicle that has a model year of 1983 or newer;
524          (h) in addition to the fee described in Subsection (1)(b):
525          (i) an amount equal to the road usage charge cap described in Section 72-1-213.1 for:
526          (A) each electric motor vehicle; and
527          (B) Each motor vehicle not described in this Subsection (1)(h) that is fueled
528     exclusively by a source other than motor fuel, diesel fuel, natural gas, or propane;
529          (ii) $21.75 for each hybrid electric motor vehicle; and
530          (iii) $56.50 for each plug-in hybrid electric motor vehicle; [and]
531          (i) in addition to the fee described in Subsection (1)(g), for a vintage vehicle that has a
532     model year of 1983 or newer, 50 cents[.]; and
533          (j) $28.50 for each roadable aircraft.
534          (2) (a) At the time application is made for registration or renewal of registration of a
535     vehicle under this chapter for a six-month registration period under Section 41-1a-215.5, a
536     registration fee shall be paid to the division as follows:
537          (i) $34.50 for each motorcycle; and
538          (ii) $33.50 for each motor vehicle of 12,000 pounds or less gross laden weight,
539     excluding motorcycles.
540          (b) In addition to the fee described in Subsection (2)(a)(ii), for registration or renewal
541     of registration of a vehicle under this chapter for a six-month registration period under Section
542     41-1a-215.5 a registration fee shall be paid to the division as follows:
543          (i) an amount equal to the road usage charge cap described in Section 72-1-213.1 for:
544          (A) each electric motor vehicle; and
545          (B) each motor vehicle not described in this Subsection (2)(b) that is fueled exclusively
546     by a source other than motor fuel, diesel fuel, natural gas, or propane;
547          (ii) $16.50 for each hybrid electric motor vehicle; and
548          (iii) $43.50 for each plug-in hybrid electric motor vehicle.
549          (3) (a) Beginning on January 1, 2024, at the time of registration:
550          (i) in addition to the amounts described in Subsections (1)(a), (1)(b), (1)(c)(i),
551     (1)(c)(ii), (1)(d)(i), (1)(e)(i), (1)(f)(i), (1)(g), (1)(h), (4)(a), and (7), the individual shall also pay
552     an additional $7 as part of the registration fee; and

553          (ii) in addition to the amounts described in Subsection (2)(a), the individual shall also
554     pay an additional $5 as part of the registration fee.
555          (b) (i) Beginning on January 1, 2019, the commission shall, on January 1, annually
556     adjust the registration fees described in Subsections (1)(a), (1)(b), (1)(c)(i), (1)(c)(ii), (1)(d)(i),
557     (1)(e)(i), (1)(f)(i), (1)(g), (1)(j), (2)(a), (3)(a), (4)(a), and (7), by taking the registration fee rate
558     for the previous year and adding an amount equal to the greater of:
559          (A) an amount calculated by multiplying the registration fee of the previous year by the
560     actual percentage change during the previous fiscal year in the Consumer Price Index; and
561          (B) 0.
562          (ii) Beginning on January 1, 2024, the commission shall, on January 1, annually adjust
563     the registration fees described in Subsections (1)(h)(ii) and (iii) and (2)(b)(ii) and (iii) by taking
564     the registration fee rate for the previous year and adding an amount equal to the greater of:
565          (A) an amount calculated by multiplying the registration fee of the previous year by the
566     actual percentage change during the previous fiscal year in the Consumer Price Index; and
567          (B) 0.
568          (c) The amounts calculated as described in Subsection (3)(b) shall be rounded up to the
569     nearest 25 cents.
570          (4) (a) The initial registration fee for a vintage vehicle that has a model year of 1982 or
571     older is $40.
572          (b) A vintage vehicle that has a model year of 1982 or older is exempt from the
573     renewal of registration fees under Subsection (1).
574          (c) A vehicle with a Purple Heart special group license plate issued on or before
575     December 31, 2023, or issued in accordance with Part 16, Sponsored Special Group License
576     Plates, is exempt from the registration fees under Subsection (1).
577          (d) A camper is exempt from the registration fees under Subsection (1).
578          (5) If a motor vehicle is operated in combination with a semitrailer or trailer, each
579     motor vehicle shall register for the total gross laden weight of all units of the combination if the
580     total gross laden weight of the combination exceeds 12,000 pounds.
581          (6) (a) Registration fee categories under this section are based on the gross laden
582     weight declared in the licensee's application for registration.
583          (b) Gross laden weight shall be computed in units of 2,000 pounds. A fractional part

584     of 2,000 pounds is a full unit.
585          (7) The owner of a commercial trailer or commercial semitrailer may, as an alternative
586     to registering under Subsection (1)(c), apply for and obtain a special registration and license
587     plate for a fee of $130.
588          (8) Except as provided in Section 41-6a-1642, a truck may not be registered as a farm
589     truck unless:
590          (a) the truck meets the definition of a farm truck under Section 41-1a-102; and
591          (b) (i) the truck has a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 12,000 pounds; or
592          (ii) the truck has a gross vehicle weight rating of 12,000 pounds or less and the owner
593     submits to the division a certificate of emissions inspection or a waiver in compliance with
594     Section 41-6a-1642.
595          (9) A violation of Subsection (8) is an infraction that shall be punished by a fine of not
596     less than $200.
597          (10) Trucks used exclusively to pump cement, bore wells, or perform crane services
598     with a crane lift capacity of five or more tons, are exempt from 50% of the amount of the fees
599     required for those vehicles under this section.
600          Section 7. Section 41-6a-1642 is amended to read:
601          41-6a-1642. Emissions inspection -- County program.
602          (1) The legislative body of each county required under federal law to utilize a motor
603     vehicle emissions inspection and maintenance program or in which an emissions inspection
604     and maintenance program is necessary to attain or maintain any national ambient air quality
605     standard shall require:
606          (a) a certificate of emissions inspection, a waiver, or other evidence the motor vehicle
607     is exempt from emissions inspection and maintenance program requirements be presented:
608          (i) as a condition of registration or renewal of registration; and
609          (ii) at other times as the county legislative body may require to enforce inspection
610     requirements for individual motor vehicles, except that the county legislative body may not
611     routinely require a certificate of emissions inspection, or waiver of the certificate, more often
612     than required under Subsection (9); and
613          (b) compliance with this section for a motor vehicle registered or principally operated
614     in the county and owned by or being used by a department, division, instrumentality, agency, or

615     employee of:
616          (i) the federal government;
617          (ii) the state and any of its agencies; or
618          (iii) a political subdivision of the state, including school districts.
619          (2) (a) A vehicle owner subject to Subsection (1) shall obtain a motor vehicle
620     emissions inspection and maintenance program certificate of emissions inspection as described
621     in Subsection (1), but the program may not deny vehicle registration based solely on the
622     presence of a defeat device covered in the Volkswagen partial consent decrees or a United
623     States Environmental Protection Agency-approved vehicle modification in the following
624     vehicles:
625          (i) a 2.0-liter diesel engine motor vehicle in which its lifetime nitrogen oxide emissions
626     are mitigated in the state pursuant to a partial consent decree, including:
627          (A) Volkswagen Jetta, model years 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015;
628          (B) Volkswagen Jetta Sportwagen, model years 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and
629     2014;
630          (C) Volkswagen Golf, model years 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015;
631          (D) Volkswagen Golf Sportwagen, model year 2015;
632          (E) Volkswagen Passat, model years 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015;
633          (F) Volkswagen Beetle, model years 2013, 2014, and 2015;
634          (G) Volkswagen Beetle Convertible, model years 2013, 2014, and 2015; and
635          (H) Audi A3, model years 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2015; and
636          (ii) a 3.0-liter diesel engine motor vehicle in which its lifetime nitrogen oxide
637     emissions are mitigated in the state to a settlement, including:
638          (A) Volkswagen Touareg, model years 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, and
639     2016;
640          (B) Audi Q7, model years 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016;
641          (C) Audi A6 Quattro, model years 2014, 2015, and 2016;
642          (D) Audi A7 Quattro, model years 2014, 2015, and 2016;
643          (E) Audi A8, model years 2014, 2015, and 2016;
644          (F) Audi A8L, model years 2014, 2015, and 2016;
645          (G) Audi Q5, model years 2014, 2015, and 2016; and

646          (H) Porsche Cayenne Diesel, model years 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016.
647          (b) (i) An owner of a restored-modified vehicle subject to Subsection (1) shall obtain a
648     motor vehicle emissions inspection and maintenance program certificate of emissions
649     inspection as described in Subsection (1).
650          (ii) A county emissions program may not refuse to perform an emissions inspection or
651     indicate a failed emissions test of the vehicle based solely on a modification to the engine or
652     component of the motor vehicle if:
653          (A) the modification is not likely to result in the motor vehicle having increased
654     emissions relative to the emissions of the motor vehicle before the modification; and
655          (B) the motor vehicle modification is a change to an engine that is newer than the
656     engine with which the motor vehicle was originally equipped, or the engine includes
657     technology that increases the facility of the administration of an emissions test, such as an
658     on-board diagnostics system.
659          (iii) The first time an owner seeks to obtain an emissions inspection as a prerequisite to
660     registration of a restored-modified vehicle:
661          (A) the owner shall present the signed statement described in Subsection 41-1a-226(4);
662     and
663          (B) the county emissions program shall perform the emissions test.
664          (iv) If a motor vehicle is registered as a restored-modified vehicle and the registration
665     certificate is notated as described in Subsection 41-1a-226(4), a county emissions program may
666     not refuse to perform an emissions test based solely on the restored-modified status of the
667     motor vehicle.
668          (3) (a) The legislative body of a county identified in Subsection (1), in consultation
669     with the Air Quality Board created under Section 19-1-106, shall make regulations or
670     ordinances regarding:
671          (i) emissions standards;
672          (ii) test procedures;
673          (iii) inspections stations;
674          (iv) repair requirements and dollar limits for correction of deficiencies; and
675          (v) certificates of emissions inspections.
676          (b) In accordance with Subsection (3)(a), a county legislative body:

677          (i) shall make regulations or ordinances to attain or maintain ambient air quality
678     standards in the county, consistent with the state implementation plan and federal
679     requirements;
680          (ii) may allow for a phase-in of the program by geographical area; and
681          (iii) shall comply with the analyzer design and certification requirements contained in
682     the state implementation plan prepared under Title 19, Chapter 2, Air Conservation Act.
683          (c) The county legislative body and the Air Quality Board shall give preference to an
684     inspection and maintenance program that:
685          (i) is decentralized, to the extent the decentralized program will attain and maintain
686     ambient air quality standards and meet federal requirements;
687          (ii) is the most cost effective means to achieve and maintain the maximum benefit with
688     regard to ambient air quality standards and to meet federal air quality requirements as related to
689     vehicle emissions; and
690          (iii) provides a reasonable phase-out period for replacement of air pollution emission
691     testing equipment made obsolete by the program.
692          (d) The provisions of Subsection (3)(c)(iii) apply only to the extent the phase-out:
693          (i) may be accomplished in accordance with applicable federal requirements; and
694          (ii) does not otherwise interfere with the attainment and maintenance of ambient air
695     quality standards.
696          (4) The following vehicles are exempt from an emissions inspection program and the
697     provisions of this section:
698          (a) an implement of husbandry as defined in Section 41-1a-102;
699          (b) a motor vehicle that:
700          (i) meets the definition of a farm truck under Section 41-1a-102; and
701          (ii) has a gross vehicle weight rating of 12,001 pounds or more;
702          (c) a vintage vehicle as defined in Section 41-21-1:
703          (i) if the vintage vehicle has a model year of 1982 or older; or
704          (ii) for a vintage vehicle that has a model year of 1983 or newer, if the owner provides
705     proof of vehicle insurance that is a type specific to a vehicle collector;
706          (d) a custom vehicle as defined in Section 41-6a-1507;
707          (e) to the extent allowed under the current federally approved state implementation

708     plan, in accordance with the federal Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. Sec. 7401, et seq., a motor
709     vehicle that is less than two years old on January 1 based on the age of the vehicle as
710     determined by the model year identified by the manufacturer;
711          (f) a pickup truck, as defined in Section 41-1a-102, with a gross vehicle weight rating
712     of 12,000 pounds or less, if the registered owner of the pickup truck provides a signed
713     statement to the legislative body stating the truck is used:
714          (i) by the owner or operator of a farm located on property that qualifies as land in
715     agricultural use under Sections 59-2-502 and 59-2-503; and
716          (ii) exclusively for the following purposes in operating the farm:
717          (A) for the transportation of farm products, including livestock and its products,
718     poultry and its products, floricultural and horticultural products; and
719          (B) in the transportation of farm supplies, including tile, fence, and every other thing or
720     commodity used in agricultural, floricultural, horticultural, livestock, and poultry production
721     and maintenance;
722          (g) a motorcycle as defined in Section 41-1a-102;
723          (h) an electric motor vehicle as defined in Section 41-1a-102; [and]
724          (i) a motor vehicle with a model year of 1967 or older[.]; and
725          (j) a roadable aircraft as defined in Section 72-10-102.
726          (5) The county shall issue to the registered owner who signs and submits a signed
727     statement under Subsection (4)(f) a certificate of exemption from emissions inspection
728     requirements for purposes of registering the exempt vehicle.
729          (6) A legislative body of a county described in Subsection (1) may exempt from an
730     emissions inspection program a diesel-powered motor vehicle with a:
731          (a) gross vehicle weight rating of more than 14,000 pounds; or
732          (b) model year of 1997 or older.
733          (7) The legislative body of a county required under federal law to utilize a motor
734     vehicle emissions inspection program shall require:
735          (a) a computerized emissions inspection for a diesel-powered motor vehicle that has:
736          (i) a model year of 2007 or newer;
737          (ii) a gross vehicle weight rating of 14,000 pounds or less; and
738          (iii) a model year that is five years old or older; and

739          (b) a visual inspection of emissions equipment for a diesel-powered motor vehicle:
740          (i) with a gross vehicle weight rating of 14,000 pounds or less;
741          (ii) that has a model year of 1998 or newer; and
742          (iii) that has a model year that is five years old or older.
743          (8) (a) Subject to Subsection (8)(c), the legislative body of each county required under
744     federal law to utilize a motor vehicle emissions inspection and maintenance program or in
745     which an emissions inspection and maintenance program is necessary to attain or maintain any
746     national ambient air quality standard may require each college or university located in a county
747     subject to this section to require its students and employees who park a motor vehicle not
748     registered in a county subject to this section to provide proof of compliance with an emissions
749     inspection accepted by the county legislative body if the motor vehicle is parked on the college
750     or university campus or property.
751          (b) College or university parking areas that are metered or for which payment is
752     required per use are not subject to the requirements of this Subsection (8).
753          (c) The legislative body of a county shall make the reasons for implementing the
754     provisions of this Subsection (8) part of the record at the time that the county legislative body
755     takes its official action to implement the provisions of this Subsection (8).
756          (9) (a) An emissions inspection station shall issue a certificate of emissions inspection
757     for each motor vehicle that meets the inspection and maintenance program requirements
758     established in regulations or ordinances made under Subsection (3).
759          (b) The frequency of the emissions inspection shall be determined based on the age of
760     the vehicle as determined by model year and shall be required annually subject to the
761     provisions of Subsection (9)(c).
762          (c) (i) To the extent allowed under the current federally approved state implementation
763     plan, in accordance with the federal Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. Sec. 7401 et seq., the legislative
764     body of a county identified in Subsection (1) shall only require the emissions inspection every
765     two years for each vehicle.
766          (ii) The provisions of Subsection (9)(c)(i) apply only to a vehicle that is less than six
767     years old on January 1.
768          (iii) For a county required to implement a new vehicle emissions inspection and
769     maintenance program on or after December 1, 2012, under Subsection (1), but for which no

770     current federally approved state implementation plan exists, a vehicle shall be tested at a
771     frequency determined by the county legislative body, in consultation with the Air Quality
772     Board created under Section 19-1-106, that is necessary to comply with federal law or attain or
773     maintain any national ambient air quality standard.
774          (iv) If a county legislative body establishes or changes the frequency of a vehicle
775     emissions inspection and maintenance program under Subsection (9)(c)(iii), the establishment
776     or change shall take effect on January 1 if the State Tax Commission receives notice meeting
777     the requirements of Subsection (9)(c)(v) from the county before October 1.
778          (v) The notice described in Subsection (9)(c)(iv) shall:
779          (A) state that the county will establish or change the frequency of the vehicle emissions
780     inspection and maintenance program under this section;
781          (B) include a copy of the ordinance establishing or changing the frequency; and
782          (C) if the county establishes or changes the frequency under this section, state how
783     frequently the emissions testing will be required.
784          (d) If an emissions inspection is only required every two years for a vehicle under
785     Subsection (9)(c), the inspection shall be required for the vehicle in:
786          (i) odd-numbered years for vehicles with odd-numbered model years; or
787          (ii) in even-numbered years for vehicles with even-numbered model years.
788          (10) (a) Except as provided in Subsections (9)(b), (c), and (d), the emissions inspection
789     required under this section may be made no more than two months before the renewal of
790     registration.
791          (b) (i) If the title of a used motor vehicle is being transferred, the owner may use an
792     emissions inspection certificate issued for the motor vehicle during the previous 11 months to
793     satisfy the requirement under this section.
794          (ii) If the transferor is a licensed and bonded used motor vehicle dealer, the owner may
795     use an emissions inspection certificate issued for the motor vehicle in a licensed and bonded
796     motor vehicle dealer's name during the previous 11 months to satisfy the requirement under
797     this section.
798          (c) If the title of a leased vehicle is being transferred to the lessee of the vehicle, the
799     lessee may use an emissions inspection certificate issued during the previous 11 months to
800     satisfy the requirement under this section.

801          (d) If the motor vehicle is part of a fleet of 101 or more vehicles, the owner may not
802     use an emissions inspection made more than 11 months before the renewal of registration to
803     satisfy the requirement under this section.
804          (e) If the application for renewal of registration is for a six-month registration period
805     under Section 41-1a-215.5, the owner may use an emissions inspection certificate issued during
806     the previous eight months to satisfy the requirement under this section.
807          (11) (a) A county identified in Subsection (1) shall collect information about and
808     monitor the program.
809          (b) A county identified in Subsection (1) shall supply this information to an appropriate
810     legislative committee, as designated by the Legislative Management Committee, at times
811     determined by the designated committee to identify program needs, including funding needs.
812          (12) If approved by the county legislative body, a county that had an established
813     emissions inspection fee as of January 1, 2002, may increase the established fee that an
814     emissions inspection station may charge by $2.50 for each year that is exempted from
815     emissions inspections under Subsection (9)(c) up to a $7.50 increase.
816          (13) (a) Except as provided in Subsection 41-1a-1223(1)(c), a county identified in
817     Subsection (1) may impose a local emissions compliance fee on each motor vehicle registration
818     within the county in accordance with the procedures and requirements of Section 41-1a-1223.
819          (b) A county that imposes a local emissions compliance fee may use revenues
820     generated from the fee for the establishment and enforcement of an emissions inspection and
821     maintenance program in accordance with the requirements of this section.
822          (c) A county that imposes a local emissions compliance fee may use revenues
823     generated from the fee to promote programs to maintain a local, state, or national ambient air
824     quality standard.
825          (14) (a) If a county has reason to believe that a vehicle owner has provided an address
826     as required in Section 41-1a-209 to register or attempt to register a motor vehicle in a county
827     other than the county of the bona fide residence of the owner in order to avoid an emissions
828     inspection required under this section, the county may investigate and gather evidence to
829     determine whether the vehicle owner has used a false address or an address other than the
830     vehicle owner's bona fide residence or place of business.
831          (b) If a county conducts an investigation as described in Subsection (14)(a) and

832     determines that the vehicle owner has used a false or improper address in an effort to avoid an
833     emissions inspection as required in this section, the county may impose a civil penalty of
834     $1,000.
835          (15) A county legislative body described in Subsection (1) may exempt a motor vehicle
836     from an emissions inspection if:
837          (a) the motor vehicle is 30 years old or older;
838          (b) the county determines that the motor vehicle was driven less than 1,500 miles
839     during the preceding 12-month period; and
840          (c) the owner provides to the county legislative body a statement signed by the owner
841     that states the motor vehicle:
842          (i) is primarily a collector's item used for:
843          (A) participation in club activities;
844          (B) exhibitions;
845          (C) tours; or
846          (D) parades; or
847          (ii) is only used for occasional transportation.
848          Section 8. Section 59-12-602 is amended to read:
849          59-12-602. Definitions.
850          As used in this part:
851          (1) [(a) Subject to Subsection (1)(b), "airport facility" means an airport of regional
852     significance, as defined by the Transportation Commission by rule made in accordance with
853     Title 63G, Chapter 3, Utah Administrative Rulemaking Act.]
854          [(b)] "Airport facility" [includes] means an airport of regional significance, and
855     includes:
856          [(i)] (a) an appurtenance to an airport, including a fixed guideway that provides
857     transportation service to or from the airport;
858          [(ii)] (b) a control tower, including a radar system;
859          [(iii)] (c) a public area of an airport; or
860          [(iv)] (d) a terminal facility.
861          (2) "Airport of regional significance" means the same as that term is defined in Section
862     59-12-2202.

863          [(2)] (3) "All-terrain type I vehicle" means the same as that term is defined in Section
864     41-22-2.
865          [(3)] (4) "All-terrain type II vehicle" means the same as that term is defined in Section
866     41-22-2.
867          [(4)] (5) "All-terrain type III vehicle" means the same as that term is defined in Section
868     41-22-2.
869          [(5)] (6) "Convention facility" means any publicly owned or operated convention
870     center, sports arena, or other facility at which conventions, conferences, and other gatherings
871     are held and whose primary business or function is to host such conventions, conferences, and
872     other gatherings.
873          [(6)] (7) "Cultural facility" means any publicly owned or operated museum, theater, art
874     center, music hall, or other cultural or arts facility.
875          [(7)] (8) (a) Except as provided in Subsection [(7)(b)] (8)(b), "off-highway vehicle"
876     means any snowmobile, all-terrain type I vehicle, all-terrain type II vehicle, all-terrain type III
877     vehicle, or motorcycle.
878          (b) "Off-highway vehicle" does not include a vehicle that is a motor vehicle under
879     Section 41-1a-102.
880          [(8)] (9) "Motorcycle" means the same as that term is defined in Section 41-22-2.
881          [(9)] (10) "Recreation facility" or "tourist facility" means any publicly owned or
882     operated park, campground, marina, dock, golf course, water park, historic park, monument,
883     planetarium, zoo, bicycle trails, and other recreation or tourism-related facility.
884          [(10)] (11) (a) Except as provided in Subsection [(10)(c)] (11)(c), "recreational
885     vehicle" means a vehicular unit other than a mobile home, primarily designed as a temporary
886     dwelling for travel, recreational, or vacation use, that is pulled by another vehicle.
887          (b) "Recreational vehicle" includes:
888          (i) a travel trailer;
889          (ii) a camping trailer; and
890          (iii) a fifth wheel trailer.
891          (c) "Recreational vehicle" does not include a vehicle that is a motor vehicle under
892     Section 41-1a-102.
893          [(11)] (12) (a) "Restaurant" includes any coffee shop, cafeteria, luncheonette, soda

894     fountain, or fast-food service where food is prepared for immediate consumption.
895          (b) "Restaurant" does not include:
896          (i) any retail establishment whose primary business or function is the sale of fuel or
897     food items for off-premise, but not immediate, consumption; and
898          (ii) a theater that sells food items, but not a dinner theater.
899          [(12)] (13) (a) "Short-term rental" means a lease or rental that is 30 days or less.
900          (b) "Short-term rental" does not include car sharing as that term is defined in Section
901     13-48a-101.
902          [(13)] (14) "Snowmobile" means the same as that term is defined in Section 41-22-2.
903          [(14)] (15) "Travel trailer," "camping trailer," or "fifth wheel trailer" means a portable
904     vehicle without motive power, designed as a temporary dwelling for travel, recreational, or
905     vacation use that does not require a special highway movement permit when drawn by a
906     self-propelled motor vehicle.
907          Section 9. Section 72-2-126 is amended to read:
908          72-2-126. Aeronautics Restricted Account.
909          (1) There is created a restricted account entitled the Aeronautics Restricted Account
910     within the Transportation Fund.
911          (2) The account consists of money generated from the following revenue sources:
912          (a) aviation fuel tax allocated for aeronautical operations deposited into the account in
913     accordance with Section 59-13-402;
914          (b) aircraft registration fees deposited into the account in accordance with Section
915     72-10-110;
916          (c) appropriations made to the account by the Legislature;
917          (d) contributions from other public and private sources for deposit into the account;
918     and
919          (e) interest earned on account money.
920          (3) The department shall allocate funds in the account to the separate accounts of
921     individual airports as required under Section 59-13-402.
922          (4) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (4)(b), the department shall use funds in the
923     account for:
924          (i) the construction, improvement, operation, and maintenance of publicly used airports

925     in this state;
926          (ii) the payment of principal and interest on indebtedness incurred for the purposes
927     described in Subsection (4)(a);
928          (iii) operation of the division of aeronautics;
929          (iv) the promotion of aeronautics in this state; and
930          (v) the payment of the costs and expenses of the Department of Transportation in
931     administering Title 59, Chapter 13, Part 4, Aviation Fuel, or another law conferring upon it the
932     duty of regulating and supervising aeronautics in this state.
933          (b) (i) The department may use funds in the account for the support of aerial search and
934     rescue operations, provided that no money deposited into the account under Subsection (2)(a)
935     is used for that purpose.
936          (ii) The department may use funds in the account from the registration of unmanned
937     aircraft systems only for state infrastructure and administration related to advanced air mobility
938     and unmanned aircraft systems.
939          (5) (a) Money in the account may not be used by the department for the purchase of
940     aircraft for purposes other than those described in Subsection (4).
941          (b) Money in the account may not be used to provide or subsidize direct operating costs
942     of travel for purposes other than those described in Subsection (4).
943          (6) The Department may not use money in the account to fund:
944          (a) more than 77% of the operations costs related to state owned aircraft in fiscal year
945     2023-24;
946          (b) more than 52% of the operations costs related to state owned aircraft in fiscal year
947     2024-25;
948          (c) more than 26% of the operations costs related to state owned aircraft in fiscal year
949     2025-26;
950          (d) more than 10% of the operations costs related to state owned aircraft in fiscal year
951     2026-27; or
952          (e) any operations costs related to state owned aircraft in a fiscal year beginning on or
953     after July 1, 2027.
954          Section 10. Section 72-10-102 is amended to read:
955          72-10-102. Definitions.

956          As used in this chapter:
957          (1) "Acrobatics" means the intentional maneuvers of an aircraft not necessary to air
958     navigation.
959          (2) (a) "Advanced air mobility system" means a system that transports individuals and
960     property using piloted and unpiloted aircraft, including electric aircraft and electric vertical
961     takeoff and landing aircraft, in controlled or uncontrolled airspace.
962          (b) "Advanced air mobility system" includes each component of a system described in
963     Subsection (2)(a), including:
964          (i) the aircraft, including payload;
965          (ii) communications equipment;
966          (iii) navigation equipment;
967          (iv) controllers;
968          (v) support equipment; and
969          (vi) remote and autonomous functions.
970          (3) "Aerial transit corridor" means an airspace volume defining a three-dimensional
971     route segment with performance requirements to operate within or to cross where tactical air
972     traffic control separation services are not provided.
973          (4) "Aeronautics" means transportation by aircraft, air instruction, the operation, repair,
974     or maintenance of aircraft, and the design, operation, repair, or maintenance of airports, or
975     other air navigation facilities.
976          (5) "Aeronautics instructor" means any individual engaged in giving or offering to give
977     instruction in aeronautics, flying, or ground subjects, either with or without:
978          (a) compensation or other reward;
979          (b) advertising the occupation;
980          (c) calling his facilities an air school, or any equivalent term; or
981          (d) employing or using other instructors.
982          (6) "Aircraft" means any contrivance now known or in the future invented, used, or
983     designed for navigation of or flight in the air.
984          (7) "Air instruction" means the imparting of aeronautical information by any aviation
985     instructor or in any air school or flying club.
986          (8) "Airport" means any area of land, water, or both, that:

987          (a) is used or is made available for landing and takeoff;
988          (b) provides facilities for the shelter, supply, and repair of aircraft, and handling of
989     passengers and cargo;
990          (c) meets the minimum requirements established by the department as to size and
991     design, surface, marking, equipment, and operation; and
992          (d) includes all areas shown as part of the airport in the current airport layout plan as
993     approved by the Federal Aviation Administration.
994          (9) "Airport authority" means a political subdivision of the state, other than a county or
995     municipality, that is authorized by statute to operate an airport.
996          (10) "Airport operator" means a municipality, county, or airport authority that owns or
997     operates a commercial airport.
998          (11) (a) "Airport revenue" means:
999          (i) all fees, charges, rents, or other payments received by or accruing to an airport
1000     operator for any of the following reasons:
1001          (A) revenue from air carriers, tenants, lessees, purchasers of airport properties, airport
1002     permittees making use of airport property and services, and other parties;
1003          (B) revenue received from the activities of others or the transfer of rights to others
1004     relating to the airport, including revenue received:
1005          (I) for the right to conduct an activity on the airport or to use or occupy airport
1006     property;
1007          (II) for the sale, transfer, or disposition of airport real or personal property, or any
1008     interest in that property, including transfer through a condemnation proceeding;
1009          (III) for the sale of, or the sale or lease of rights in, mineral, natural, or agricultural
1010     products or water owned by the airport operator to be taken from the airport; and
1011          (IV) for the right to conduct an activity on, or for the use or disposition of, real or
1012     personal property or any interest in real or personal property owned or controlled by the airport
1013     operator and used for an airport-related purpose but not located on the airport; or
1014          (C) revenue received from activities conducted by the airport operator whether on or
1015     off the airport, which is directly connected to the airport operator's ownership or operation of
1016     the airport; and
1017          (ii) state and local taxes on aviation fuel.

1018          (b) "Airport revenue" does not include amounts received by an airport operator as
1019     passenger facility fees pursuant to 49 U.S.C. Sec. 40117.
1020          (12) "Air school" means any person engaged in giving, offering to give, or advertising,
1021     representing, or holding himself out as giving, with or without compensation or other reward,
1022     instruction in aeronautics, flying, or ground subjects, or in more than one of these subjects.
1023          (13) "Airworthiness" means conformity with requirements prescribed by the Federal
1024     Aviation Administration regarding the structure or functioning of aircraft, engine, parts, or
1025     accessories.
1026          (14) "Civil aircraft" means any aircraft other than a public aircraft.
1027          (15) "Commercial aircraft" means aircraft used for commercial purposes.
1028          (16) "Commercial airport" means a landing area, landing strip, or airport that may be
1029     used for commercial operations.
1030          (17) "Commercial flight operator" means a person who conducts commercial
1031     operations.
1032          (18) "Commercial operations" means:
1033          (a) any operations of an aircraft for compensation or hire or any services performed
1034     incidental to the operation of any aircraft for which a fee is charged or compensation is
1035     received, including the servicing, maintaining, and repairing of aircraft, the rental or charter of
1036     aircraft, the operation of flight or ground schools, the operation of aircraft for the application or
1037     distribution of chemicals or other substances, and the operation of aircraft for hunting and
1038     fishing; or
1039          (b) the brokering or selling of any of these services; but
1040          (c) does not include any operations of aircraft as common carriers certificated by the
1041     federal government or the services incidental to those operations.
1042          (19) "Correctional facility" means the same as that term is defined in Section
1043     77-16b-102.
1044          (20) "Dealer" means any person who is actively engaged in the business of flying for
1045     demonstration purposes, or selling or exchanging aircraft, and who has an established place of
1046     business.
1047          (21) "Experimental aircraft" means:
1048          (a) any aircraft designated by the Federal Aviation Administration or the military as

1049     experimental and used solely for the purpose of experiments, or tests regarding the structure or
1050     functioning of aircraft, engines, or their accessories; and
1051          (b) any aircraft designated by the Federal Aviation Administration as:
1052          (i) being custom or amateur built; and
1053          (ii) used for recreational, educational, or display purposes.
1054          (22) "Flight" means any kind of locomotion by aircraft while in the air.
1055          (23) "Flying club" means five or more persons who for neither profit nor reward own,
1056     lease, or use one or more aircraft for the purpose of instruction, pleasure, or both.
1057          (24) "Glider" means an aircraft heavier than air, similar to an airplane, but without a
1058     power plant.
1059          (25) "Mechanic" means a person who constructs, repairs, adjusts, inspects, or
1060     overhauls aircraft, engines, or accessories.
1061          (26) "Navigable airspace" means the same as that term is defined in 49 U.S.C. Sec.
1062     40102.
1063          [(26)] (27) "Parachute jumper" means any person who has passed the required test for
1064     jumping with a parachute from an aircraft, and has passed an examination showing that he
1065     possesses the required physical and mental qualifications for the jumping.
1066          [(27)] (28) "Parachute rigger" means any person who has passed the required test for
1067     packing, repairing, and maintaining parachutes.
1068          [(28)] (29) "Passenger aircraft" means aircraft used for transporting persons, in
1069     addition to the pilot or crew, with or without their necessary personal belongings.
1070          [(29)] (30) "Person" means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, or
1071     association of individuals.
1072          [(30)] (31) "Pilot" means any person who operates the controls of an aircraft while
1073     in-flight.
1074          [(31)] (32) "Primary glider" means any glider that has a gliding angle of less than 10 to
1075     one.
1076          [(32)] (33) "Public aircraft" means an aircraft used exclusively in the service of any
1077     government or of any political subdivision, including the government of the United States, of
1078     the District of Columbia, and of any state, territory, or insular possession of the United States,
1079     but not including any government-owned aircraft engaged in carrying persons or goods for

1080     commercial purposes.
1081          [(33)] (34) "Reckless flying" means the operation or piloting of any aircraft recklessly,
1082     or in a manner as to endanger the property, life, or body of any person, due regard being given
1083     to the prevailing weather conditions, field conditions, and to the territory being flown over.
1084          [(34)] (35) "Registration number" means the number assigned by the Federal Aviation
1085     Administration to any aircraft, whether or not the number includes a letter or letters.
1086          (36) "Roadable aircraft" means an aircraft capable of taking off and landing from a
1087     suitable airfield and is also designed to be driven on a highway as a conveyance.
1088          [(35)] (37) "Secondary glider" means any glider that has a gliding angle between 10 to
1089     one and 16 to one, inclusive.
1090          [(36)] (38) "Soaring glider" means any glider that has a gliding angle of more than 16
1091     to one.
1092          [(37)] (39) "Unmanned aircraft" means an aircraft that is:
1093          (a) capable of sustaining flight; and
1094          (b) operated with no possible direct human intervention from on or within the aircraft.
1095          [(38)] (40) "Unmanned aircraft system" means the entire system used to operate an
1096     unmanned aircraft, including:
1097          (a) the unmanned aircraft, including payload;
1098          (b) communications equipment;
1099          (c) navigation equipment;
1100          (d) controllers;
1101          (e) support equipment; and
1102          (f) autopilot functionality.
1103          [(39)] (41) "Unmanned aircraft system traffic management" means a traffic
1104     management ecosystem for uncontrolled operations, including unmanned aircraft systems, that
1105     is separate from, but complementary to, the Federal Aviation Administration's air traffic
1106     management system.
1107          [(40)] (42) "Vertiport" means an area of land, or a structure, used or intended to be
1108     used for electric, hydrogen, and hybrid vertical aircraft landings and takeoffs, including
1109     associated buildings and facilities.
1110          Section 11. Section 72-10-109 is amended to read:

1111          72-10-109. Certificate of registration of aircraft required -- Exceptions.
1112          (1) (a) A person may not operate, pilot, or navigate, or cause or authorize to be
1113     operated, piloted, or navigated within this state any civil aircraft domiciled in this state unless
1114     the aircraft has a current certificate of registration issued by the department.
1115          (b) The restriction described in Subsection (1)(a) does not apply to aircraft licensed by
1116     a foreign country with which the United States has a reciprocal agreement covering the
1117     operations of the registered aircraft or to a non-passenger-carrying flight solely for inspection
1118     or test purposes authorized by the Federal Aviation Administration to be made without the
1119     certificate of registration.
1120          (2) Aircraft centrally assessed by the State Tax Commission are exempt from the state
1121     registration requirement under Subsection (1).
1122          (3) Beginning on January 1, [2024] 2025, a person may not operate in this state an
1123     unmanned aircraft system or an advanced air mobility aircraft for commercial operation for
1124     which certification is required under 14 C.F.R. Part 107 or 135 unless the aircraft has a current
1125     certificate of registration issued by the department.
1126          Section 12. Section 72-10-110 is amended to read:
1127          72-10-110. Aircraft registration information requirements -- Registration fee --
1128     Administration -- Partial year registration.
1129          (1) All applications for aircraft registration shall contain:
1130          (a) a description of the aircraft, including:
1131          (i) the manufacturer or builder;
1132          (ii) the Federal Aviation Administration aircraft registration number, type, year of
1133     manufacture, or if an experimental aircraft, the year the aircraft was completed and certified for
1134     air worthiness by an inspector of the Federal Aviation Administration; and
1135          (iii) gross weight;
1136          (b) the name and address of the owner of the aircraft; and
1137          (c) where the aircraft is located, or the address where the aircraft is usually used or
1138     based.
1139          (2) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (3) or (4), at the time application is made for
1140     registration or renewal of registration of an aircraft under this chapter, an annual registration
1141     fee of:

1142          (i) 0.4% of the average wholesale value of the aircraft shall be paid[.]; or
1143          (ii) for a roadable aircraft, 0.2% of the average wholesale value of the roadable aircraft
1144     shall be paid.
1145          (b) For purposes of calculating the average wholesale value of an aircraft under
1146     Subsection (2)(a) or (3)(d), the department shall use the average wholesale value as stated in
1147     the Aircraft Bluebook Price Digest.
1148          (c) For an aircraft not listed in the Aircraft Bluebook Price Digest, the department shall
1149     calculate the average wholesale value of the aircraft using common industry standards.
1150          (d) (i) An owner of an aircraft may challenge the department's calculation of the
1151     average wholesale value of the aircraft.
1152          (ii) The department shall make rules in accordance with Title 63G, Chapter 3, Utah
1153     Administrative Rulemaking Act, to establish a process for challenging the department's
1154     calculation under Subsection (2)(d)(i).
1155          (3) (a) An annual registration fee of $100 is imposed on an aircraft that is used:
1156          (i) exclusively by an entity that is exempt from federal income taxation under Section
1157     501(c)(3), Internal Revenue Code, and exempt from property taxation under Title 59, Chapter
1158     2, Property Tax Act; and
1159          (ii) for the emergency transportation of medical patients for at least 95% of its flight
1160     time.
1161          (b) An annual registration fee is imposed on an aircraft 60 years or older equal to the
1162     lesser of:
1163          (i) $100; or
1164          (ii) the annual registration fee provided for under Subsection (2)(a).
1165          (c) (i) Except as provided in Subsection (3)(c)(iii), an owner of an aircraft shall apply
1166     for a certificate of registration described in Section 72-10-109, if the aircraft:
1167          (A) is in the manufacture, construction, fabrication, assembly, or repair process;
1168          (B) is not complete; and
1169          (C) does not have a valid airworthiness certificate.
1170          (ii) An aircraft described in Subsection (3)(c)(i) is exempt from the annual registration
1171     fee described in Subsection (2)(a).
1172          (iii) The registration requirement described in Subsection (3)(c)(i) does not apply to an

1173     aircraft that, in accordance with Section 59-12-104, is exempt from the taxes imposed under
1174     Title 59, Chapter 12, Sales and Use Tax Act.
1175          (d) An annual registration fee of .25% of the average wholesale value of the aircraft is
1176     imposed on an aircraft if the aircraft is:
1177          (i) used by an air charter service for air charter; and
1178          (ii) owned by a person other than the air charter service.
1179          (e) The annual registration fee required in this section is due on December 31 of each
1180     year.
1181          (4) (a) In accordance with Title 63G, Chapter 3, Utah Administrative Rulemaking Act,
1182     the department shall make rules to establish and administer a registration fee for an unmanned
1183     aircraft system or an advanced air mobility system registered pursuant to Subsection
1184     72-10-109(3).
1185          (b) The rules made pursuant to Subsection (4)(a) regarding registration and applicable
1186     fees for an unmanned aircraft system or an advanced air mobility system may include:
1187          (i) a system for classifying unmanned aircraft systems or an advanced air mobility
1188     systems;
1189          (ii) technical guidance for complying with state and federal law;
1190          (iii) criteria under which the department may suspend or revoke registration;
1191          (iv) criteria under which the department may waive registration requirements for an
1192     applicant currently holding a valid license or permit to operate unmanned aircraft systems
1193     issued by another state or territory of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the United
1194     States; and
1195          (v) other rules regarding operation as determined by the department.
1196          (c) (i) Registration fees for an unmanned aircraft system shall be deposited into the
1197     aeronautics restricted account created in Section 72-2-126.
1198          (ii) The registration fee imposed under Subsection (2)(a)(ii) for a roadable aircraft shall
1199     be deposited in the aeronautics restricted account created in Section 72-2-126.
1200          (5) (a) The department shall provide a registration card to an owner of an aircraft if:
1201          (i) the owner complies with the registration requirements of this section; and
1202          (ii) the owner of the aircraft states that the aircraft has a valid airworthiness certificate.
1203          (b) An owner of an aircraft shall carry the registration card in the registered aircraft.

1204          (6) The registration fees assessed under this chapter shall be collected by the
1205     department to be distributed as provided in Subsection (7).
1206          (7) After deducting the costs of administering all aircraft registrations under this
1207     chapter, the department shall deposit all remaining aircraft registration fees into the
1208     Aeronautics Restricted Account created by Section 72-2-126.
1209          (8) Aircraft which are initially registered under this chapter for less than a full calendar
1210     year shall be charged a registration fee which is reduced in proportion to the fraction of the
1211     calendar year during which the aircraft is registered in this state.
1212          (9) (a) For purposes of this section, an aircraft based at the owner's airport means an
1213     aircraft that is hangared, tied down, or parked at an owner's airport for a plurality of the year.
1214          (b) Semi-annually, an owner or operator of an airport open to public use, or of an
1215     airport that receives grant funding from the state, shall provide a list of all aircraft based at the
1216     owner's airport to the department.
1217          (10) The department shall maintain a statewide database of all aircraft based within the
1218     state.
1219          (11) The department may suspend or revoke a registration if the department determines
1220     that the required fee has not been paid and the fee is not paid upon reasonable notice and
1221     demand.
1222          Section 13. Section 72-10-401 is amended to read:
1223          72-10-401. Definitions.
1224          As used in this part[, unless the context otherwise requires]:
1225          (1) (a) "Airport" means any publicly used area of land or water that is used, or intended
1226     to be used, for the landing and take-off of aircraft and utilized or to be utilized in the interest of
1227     the public for these purposes.
1228          (b) "Airport" includes a vertiport if the vertiport is open for public use.
1229          (2) "Airport hazard" means any structure, tree, object of natural growth, or use of land
1230     that potentially obstructs or otherwise impacts the safe and efficient utilization of the navigable
1231     airspace required for the flight of aircraft in landing or take-off at an airport.
1232          (3) "Airport influence area" means land located:
1233          (a) within 5,000 feet of an airport runway[.]; or
1234          (b) within 500 feet of a vertiport that is open for public use.

1235          (4) "Airport overlay zone" means a secondary zoning district designed to protect the
1236     public health, safety, and welfare near an airport that:
1237          (a) applies land use regulation in addition to the primary zoning district land use
1238     regulation of property used as an airport and property within an airport influence area;
1239          (b) may extend beyond the airport influence area;
1240          (c) ensures airport utility as a public asset;
1241          (d) protects property owner land values near an airport through compatible land use
1242     regulations as recommended by the Federal Aviation Administration; and
1243          (e) protects aircraft occupant safety through protection of navigable airspace.
1244          (5) "Avigation easement" means an easement permitting unimpeded aircraft flights
1245     over property subject to the easement and includes the right:
1246          (a) to create or increase noise or other effects that may result from the lawful operation
1247     of aircraft; and
1248          (b) to prohibit or remove any obstruction to such overflight.
1249          (6) "Land use regulation" means the same as that term is defined in Sections 10-9a-103
1250     and 17-27a-103.
1251          (7) "Political subdivision" means any municipality, city, town, or county.
1252          (8) "Structure" means any object constructed or installed by man, including buildings,
1253     towers, smokestacks, and overhead transmission lines.
1254          (9) "Tree" means any object of natural growth.
1255          Section 14. Section 72-10-403 is amended to read:
1256          72-10-403. Airport zoning regulations.
1257          (1) Flight of aircraft over the lands and waters of the state is lawful, unless:
1258          (a) at such a low altitude as to interfere with the existing use to which the owner has
1259     put the land, water, or the airspace over the land or water; or
1260          (b) so conducted as to be imminently dangerous to persons or property lawfully on the
1261     land or water beneath.
1262          [(1)] (2) In order to prevent the creation or establishment of airport hazards, each
1263     political subdivision located within an airport influence area, shall adopt, administer, and
1264     enforce land use regulations for the airport influence area, including an airport overlay zone,
1265     under the police power and in the manner and upon the conditions prescribed:

1266          (a) in this part;
1267          (b) Title 10, Chapter 9a, Municipal Land Use, Development, and Management Act;
1268     and
1269          (c) Title 17, Chapter 27a, County Land Use, Development, and Management Act.
1270          [(2)] (3) (a) Each political subdivision located within an airport influence area shall
1271     notify a person building on or developing land in an airport influence area, in writing, of
1272     aircraft overflights and associated noise.
1273          (b) To promote the safe and efficient operation of the airport, a political subdivision
1274     located within an airport influence area:
1275          (i) shall:
1276          (A) adopt an airport overlay zone conforming to the requirements of this chapter and
1277     14 C.F.R. Part 77; and
1278          (B) require any proposed development within an airport influence area to conform with
1279     14 C.F.R. Part 77; and
1280          (ii) may, as a condition to granting a building permit, subdivision plat, or a requested
1281     zoning change within an airport influence area, require a person building or developing land to
1282     grant or sell to the airport owner, at appraised fair market value, an avigation easement.
1283          [(3)] (4) If a political subdivision located within an airport influence area fails to adopt
1284     an airport overlay zone by December 31, 2024, then the following requirements shall apply in
1285     an airport influence area:
1286          (a) each political subdivision located within an airport influence area shall notify a
1287     person building on or developing land within an airport influence area, in writing, of aircraft
1288     overflights and associated noise;
1289          (b) as a condition to granting a building permit, subdivision plat, or a requested zoning
1290     change within an airport influence area, require the person building or developing land to grant
1291     or sell to the airport owner, at appraised fair market value, an avigation easement; and
1292          (c) require a person building or developing land within an airport influence area
1293     conform to the requirements of this chapter and 14 C.F.R. Part 77.
1294          Section 15. Section 72-10-1101 is enacted to read:
1295     
Part 11. Navigable Airspace Leasing

1296          72-10-1101. Navigable airspace leasing.

1297          (1) A highway authority may lease the navigable airspace above a highway for private
1298     purposes:
1299          (a) for such period as the highway authority determines the navigable airspace will not
1300     be needed for public purposes; and
1301          (b) upon other terms and conditions the highway authority finds to be in the public
1302     interest.
1303          (2) Before leasing navigable airspace, a highway authority shall:
1304          (a) notify the property owners abutting the relevant navigable airspace proposed to be
1305     leased; and
1306          (b) provide the property owners abutting the relevant navigable airspace proposed to be
1307     leased with an opportunity to be heard with respect to the proposed navigable airspace leasing.
1308          (3) After satisfying the requirements of Subsection (2), the highway authority shall
1309     determine whether the lease of the navigable airspace will not unreasonably interfere with the
1310     public use and utility of the highway and is in the public interest.
1311          (4) The lease of navigable airspace above a highway for private purposes does not
1312     affect the dedication of the highway under Section 72-5-104.
1313          Section 16. Section 72-10-1201 is enacted to read:
1314     
Part 12. Prohibition on the Purchase of Unmanned Aircraft Manufactured or Assembled

1315     
by a Covered Foreign Entity

1316          72-10-1201. Definitions.
1317          As used in this part:
1318          (1) "Covered foreign entity" means an individual, foreign government, or party:
1319          (a) on the Consolidated Screening List or Entity List as designated by the United States
1320     Secretary of Commerce;
1321          (b) domiciled in the People's Republic of China or the Russian Federation;
1322          (c) under the influence or control of the government of the People's Republic of China
1323     or the Russian Federation; or
1324          (d) that is a subsidiary or affiliate of an individual, government, or party described in
1325     Subsections (1)(a) through (c).
1326          (2) "Critical infrastructure" means the same as that term is defined in Section
1327     76-6-106.3.

1328          (3) "Political subdivision" means the same as that term is defined in Section
1329     11-55-102.
1330          (4) "Public entity" means the state of Utah, a political subdivision, or any department,
1331     division, commission, or other governmental entity created by the Utah Constitution or law.
1332          Section 17. Section 72-10-1202 is enacted to read:
1333          72-10-1202. Prohibition on the purchase of unmanned aircraft manufactured or
1334     assembled by a covered foreign entity.
1335          Ŝ→ [
A] Beginning on July 1, 2028, a ←Ŝ public entity or contractor working directly for a
1335a     public entity may not purchase or
1336     operate an unmanned aircraft system for the inspection of critical infrastructure if the
1337     unmanned aircraft system was manufactured or assembled by a covered foreign entity.
1338          Section 18. Effective date.
1339          This bill takes effect on January 1, 2025.