1     
PROTECTION AREAS REVISIONS

2     
2024 GENERAL SESSION

3     
STATE OF UTAH

4     
Chief Sponsor: Curtis S. Bramble

5     
House Sponsor: ____________

6     

7     LONG TITLE
8     General Description:
9          This bill modifies provisions related to statutorily protected areas.
10     Highlighted Provisions:
11          This bill:
12          ▸     addresses general land use authority;
13          ▸     modifies definitions;
14          ▸     addresses vested critical infrastructure materials protection operations, including
15     repealing redundant language;
16          ▸     modifies provisions related to filing declarations;
17          ▸     provides for the rights of a critical infrastructure materials operator;
18          ▸     amends provisions related to the critical infrastructure materials protection area
19     advisory board;
20          ▸     addresses the creation of a critical infrastructure materials protection area;
21          ▸     repeals authority to establish a minimum number of continuous acres that may be
22     included in a protection area;
23          ▸     outlines the notice of a proposal to create a protection area;
24          ▸     addresses public hearing requirements;
25          ▸     modifies criteria to be considered in creating a protection area;
26          ▸     amends process to add land or remove land from a protection area;
27          ▸     modifies effects of annexation;
28          ▸     limits powers related to review of protection areas;
29          ▸     addresses limitations on local regulations;
30          ▸     addresses nuisance;
31          ▸     modifies the policy for state agencies;
32          ▸     amends restrictions related to eminent domain;
33          ▸     addresses vested mining uses; and
34          ▸     makes technical and conforming changes.
35     Money Appropriated in this Bill:
36          None
37     Other Special Clauses:
38          None
39     Utah Code Sections Affected:
40     AMENDS:
41          10-9a-102, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 384
42          17-27a-102, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2022, Chapter 307
43          17-41-101, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 15
44          17-41-201, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
45          17-41-301, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
46          17-41-302, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 435
47          17-41-304, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 435
48          17-41-305, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
49          17-41-306, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
50          17-41-307, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
51          17-41-402, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
52          17-41-403, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapters 81, 227
53          17-41-404, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
54          17-41-405, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2023, Chapter 435
55          17-41-501, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2009, Chapter 376
56          17-41-502, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2009, Chapter 376
57          78B-6-1101, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2021, Chapter 207
58     ENACTS:
59          17-41-701, Utah Code Annotated 1953
60          17-41-702, Utah Code Annotated 1953
61          17-41-703, Utah Code Annotated 1953
62          17-41-704, Utah Code Annotated 1953
63     REPEALS:
64          10-9a-901, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
65          10-9a-902, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
66          10-9a-903, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
67          10-9a-904, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
68          10-9a-905, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
69          17-27a-1001, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
70          17-27a-1002, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
71          17-27a-1003, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
72          17-27a-1004, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
73          17-27a-1005, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2019, Chapter 227
74     

75     Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
76          Section 1. Section 10-9a-102 is amended to read:
77          10-9a-102. Purposes -- General land use authority.
78          (1) The purposes of this chapter are to:
79          (a) provide for the health, safety, and welfare;
80          (b) promote the prosperity;
81          (c) improve the morals, peace, good order, comfort, convenience, and aesthetics of
82     each municipality and each municipality's present and future inhabitants and businesses;
83          (d) protect the tax base;
84          (e) secure economy in governmental expenditures;
85          (f) foster the state's agricultural and other industries;
86          (g) protect both urban and nonurban development;
87          (h) protect and ensure access to sunlight for solar energy devices;
88          (i) provide fundamental fairness in land use regulation;
89          (j) facilitate orderly growth and allow growth in a variety of housing types; and
90          (k) protect property values.
91          (2) To accomplish the purposes of this chapter, a municipality may enact all
92     ordinances, resolutions, and rules and may enter into other forms of land use controls and
93     development agreements that the municipality considers necessary or appropriate for the use
94     and development of land within the municipality, including ordinances, resolutions, rules,
95     restrictive covenants, easements, and development agreements governing:
96          (a) uses;
97          (b) density;
98          (c) open spaces;
99          (d) structures;
100          (e) buildings;
101          (f) energy efficiency;
102          (g) light and air;
103          (h) air quality;
104          (i) transportation and public or alternative transportation;
105          (j) infrastructure;
106          (k) street and building orientation;
107          (l) width requirements;
108          (m) public facilities;
109          (n) fundamental fairness in land use regulation; and
110          (o) considerations of surrounding land uses to balance the foregoing purposes with a
111     landowner's private property interests and associated statutory and constitutional protections.
112          (3) (a) Any ordinance, resolution, or rule enacted by a municipality pursuant to its
113     authority under this chapter shall comply with the state's exclusive jurisdiction to regulate oil
114     and gas activity, as described in Section 40-6-2.5.
115          (b) A municipality may enact an ordinance, resolution, or rule that regulates surface
116     activity incident to an oil and gas activity if the municipality demonstrates that the regulation:
117          (i) is necessary for the purposes of this chapter;
118          (ii) does not effectively or unduly limit, ban, or prohibit an oil and gas activity; and
119          (iii) does not interfere with the state's exclusive jurisdiction to regulate oil and gas
120     activity, as described in Section 40-6-2.5.
121          (4) An ordinance, resolution, or rule enacted by a municipality pursuant to the
122     municipality's authority under this chapter shall comply with Title 17, Chapter 41, Agriculture,
123     Industrial, or Critical Infrastructure Materials Protection Areas.
124          Section 2. Section 17-27a-102 is amended to read:
125          17-27a-102. Purposes -- General land use authority -- Limitations.
126          (1) (a) The purposes of this chapter are to:
127          (i) provide for the health, safety, and welfare;
128          (ii) promote the prosperity;
129          (iii) improve the morals, peace, good order, comfort, convenience, and aesthetics of
130     each county and each county's present and future inhabitants and businesses;
131          (iv) protect the tax base;
132          (v) secure economy in governmental expenditures;
133          (vi) foster the state's agricultural and other industries;
134          (vii) protect both urban and nonurban development;
135          (viii) protect and ensure access to sunlight for solar energy devices;
136          (ix) provide fundamental fairness in land use regulation;
137          (x) facilitate orderly growth and allow growth in a variety of housing types; and
138          (xi) protect property values.
139          (b) Subject to Subsection (4) and Section 11-41-103, to accomplish the purposes of this
140     chapter, a county may enact all ordinances, resolutions, and rules and may enter into other
141     forms of land use controls and development agreements that the county considers necessary or
142     appropriate for the use and development of land within the unincorporated area of the county or
143     a designated mountainous planning district, including ordinances, resolutions, rules, restrictive
144     covenants, easements, and development agreements governing:
145          (i) uses;
146          (ii) density;
147          (iii) open spaces;
148          (iv) structures;
149          (v) buildings;
150          (vi) energy-efficiency;
151          (vii) light and air;
152          (viii) air quality;
153          (ix) transportation and public or alternative transportation;
154          (x) infrastructure;
155          (xi) street and building orientation and width requirements;
156          (xii) public facilities;
157          (xiii) fundamental fairness in land use regulation; and
158          (xiv) considerations of surrounding land uses to balance the foregoing purposes with a
159     landowner's private property interests and associated statutory and constitutional protections.
160          (2) Each county shall comply with the mandatory provisions of this part before any
161     agreement or contract to provide goods, services, or municipal-type services to any storage
162     facility or transfer facility for high-level nuclear waste, or greater than class C radioactive
163     waste, may be executed or implemented.
164          (3) (a) Any ordinance, resolution, or rule enacted by a county pursuant to its authority
165     under this chapter shall comply with the state's exclusive jurisdiction to regulate oil and gas
166     activity, as described in Section 40-6-2.5.
167          (b) A county may enact an ordinance, resolution, or rule that regulates surface activity
168     incident to an oil and gas activity if the county demonstrates that the regulation:
169          (i) is necessary for the purposes of this chapter;
170          (ii) does not effectively or unduly limit, ban, or prohibit an oil and gas activity; and
171          (iii) does not interfere with the state's exclusive jurisdiction to regulate oil and gas
172     activity, as described in Section 40-6-2.5.
173          (4) (a) This Subsection (4) applies to development agreements entered into on or after
174     May 5, 2021.
175          (b) A provision in a county development agreement is unenforceable if the provision
176     requires an individual or an entity, as a condition for issuing building permits or otherwise
177     regulating development activities within an unincorporated area of the county, to initiate a
178     process for a municipality to annex the unincorporated area in accordance with Title 10,
179     Chapter 2, Part 4, Annexation.
180          (c) Subsection (4)(b) does not affect or impair the enforceability of any other provision
181     in the development agreement.
182          (5) An ordinance, resolution, or rule enacted by a county pursuant to the county's
183     authority under this chapter shall comply with Title 17, Chapter 41, Agriculture, Industrial, or
184     Critical Infrastructure Materials Protection Areas.
185          Section 3. Section 17-41-101 is amended to read:
186          17-41-101. Definitions.
187          As used in this chapter:
188          (1) "Advisory board" means:
189          (a) for an agriculture protection area, the agriculture protection area advisory board
190     created as provided in Section 17-41-201;
191          (b) for an industrial protection area, the industrial protection area advisory board
192     created as provided in Section 17-41-201; and
193          (c) for a critical infrastructure materials protection area, the critical infrastructure
194     materials protection area advisory board created as provided in Section 17-41-201.
195          (2) (a) "Agriculture production" means production for commercial purposes of crops,
196     livestock, and livestock products.
197          (b) "Agriculture production" includes the processing or retail marketing of any crops,
198     livestock, and livestock products when more than 50% of the processed or merchandised
199     products are produced by the farm operator.
200          (3) "Agriculture protection area" means a geographic area created under the authority
201     of this chapter that is granted the specific legal protections contained in this chapter.
202          (4) "Applicable legislative body" means:
203          (a) with respect to a proposed agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or
204     critical infrastructure materials protection area:
205          (i) the legislative body of the county in which the land proposed to be included in the
206     relevant protection area is located, if the land is within the unincorporated part of the county; or
207          (ii) the legislative body of the city or town in which the land proposed to be included in
208     the relevant protection area is located; and
209          (b) with respect to an existing agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or
210     critical infrastructure materials protection area:
211          (i) the legislative body of the county in which the relevant protection area is located, if
212     the relevant protection area is within the unincorporated part of the county; or
213          (ii) the legislative body of the city or town in which the relevant protection area is
214     located.
215          (5) "Board" means the Board of Oil, Gas, and Mining created in Section 40-6-4.
216          (6) "Critical infrastructure materials" means sand, gravel, or rock aggregate.
217          (7) "Critical infrastructure materials operations" means the extraction, excavation,
218     processing, or reprocessing of critical infrastructure materials.
219          (8) "Critical infrastructure materials operator" means a natural person, corporation,
220     association, partnership, receiver, trustee, executor, administrator, guardian, fiduciary, agent, or
221     other organization or representative, either public or private, including a successor, assign,
222     affiliate, subsidiary, and related parent company, that:
223          (a) owns, controls, or manages a critical infrastructure materials operation; and
224          (b) has produced commercial quantities of critical infrastructure materials from the
225     critical infrastructure materials operations.
226          (9) "Critical infrastructure materials protection area" means a geographic area created
227     under the authority of this chapter on or after May 14, 2019, that is granted the specific legal
228     protections contained in this chapter.
229          (10) "Crops, livestock, and livestock products" includes:
230          (a) land devoted to the raising of useful plants and animals with a reasonable
231     expectation of profit, including:
232          (i) forages and sod crops;
233          (ii) grains and feed crops;
234          (iii) livestock as defined in Section 59-2-102;
235          (iv) trees and fruits; or
236          (v) vegetables, nursery, floral, and ornamental stock; or
237          (b) land devoted to and meeting the requirements and qualifications for payments or
238     other compensation under a crop-land retirement program with an agency of the state or federal
239     government.
240          (11) "Division" means the Division of Oil, Gas, and Mining created in Section
241     40-6-15.
242          (12) "Industrial protection area" means a geographic area created under the authority of
243     this chapter that is granted the specific legal protections contained in this chapter.
244          (13) "Mine operator" means a natural person, corporation, association, partnership,
245     receiver, trustee, executor, administrator, guardian, fiduciary, agent, or other organization or
246     representative, either public or private, including a successor, assign, affiliate, subsidiary, and
247     related parent company, that, [as of] on or before January 1, 2019:
248          (a) owns, controls, [or] manages a mining use, or is listed as an owner of a mining use
249     in a notice of intention filed under Title 40, Chapter 8, Utah Mined Land Reclamation Act,
250     under a large mine permit issued by the division or the board; and
251          (b) has [produced] caused commercial quantities of a mineral deposit to be produced
252     from the mining use under the large mine permit.
253          (14) "Mineral deposit" means the same as that term is defined in Section 40-8-4.
254          (15) "Mining protection area" means land where a vested mining use occurs, has
255     occurred, or will occur if the area has not yet been disturbed or excavated, including each
256     surface or subsurface land or mineral estate that a mine operator with a vested mining use owns
257     or controls.
258          (16) "Mining use":
259          (a) means[: (i)] the full range of activities, that have been, are being, or will be
260     conducted, from prospecting and exploration to reclamation and closure, associated with the
261     exploitation of a mineral deposit; and
262          [(ii) the use of the surface and subsurface and groundwater and surface water of an area
263     in connection with the activities described in Subsection (16)(a)(i) that have been, are being, or
264     will be conducted; and]
265          (b) includes, whether conducted on-site or off-site:
266          (i) the use of the surface, subsurface, groundwater, or surface water of an area;
267          (ii) any sampling, staking, surveying, exploration, or development activity;
268          [(ii)] (iii) any drilling, blasting, excavating, or tunneling;
269          [(iii)] (iv) the removal, transport, treatment, deposition, and reclamation of overburden,
270     development rock, tailings, and other waste material;
271          [(iv)] (v) any removal, transportation, extraction, beneficiation, or processing of ore;
272          [(v)] (vi) any smelting, refining, autoclaving, or other primary or secondary processing
273     operation;
274          [(vi)] (vii) the recovery of any mineral left in residue from a previous extraction or
275     processing operation;
276          [(vii)] (viii) a mining activity that is identified in a work plan or permitting document;
277          [(viii)] (ix) the use, operation, maintenance, repair, replacement, or alteration of a
278     building, structure, facility, equipment, machine, tool, or other material or property that results
279     from or is used in a surface or subsurface mining operation or activity;
280          [(ix)] (x) any accessory, incidental, or ancillary activity or use, both active and passive,
281     including a utility, private way or road, pipeline, land excavation, working, embankment, pond,
282     gravel excavation, mining waste, conveyor, power line, trackage, storage, reserve, passive use
283     area, buffer zone, and power production facility;
284          [(x)] (xi) the construction of a storage, factory, processing, or maintenance facility;
285     [and]
286          [(xi)] (xii) an activity described in Subsection 40-8-4(17)(a)[.]; and
287          (xiii) acquisition, ownership, or control as inventory of contiguous or partly contiguous
288     property or parcels, regardless of whether actual excavation or land disturbance has occurred.
289          (17) (a) "Municipal" means of or relating to a city or town.
290          (b) "Municipality" means a city or town.
291          (18) "New land" means surface or subsurface land or mineral estate that a mine
292     operator gains ownership or control of[,] after January 1, 2019, regardless of whether that land
293     or mineral estate is included in the mine operator's large mine permit.
294          (19) "Off-site" means the same as that term is defined in Section 40-8-4.
295          (20) "On-site" means the same as that term is defined in Section 40-8-4.
296          (21) "Planning commission" means:
297          (a) a countywide planning commission if the land proposed to be included in the
298     agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials
299     protection area is within the unincorporated part of the county and not within a planning
300     advisory area;
301          (b) a planning advisory area planning commission if the land proposed to be included
302     in the agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials
303     protection area is within a planning advisory area; or
304          (c) a planning commission of a city or town if the land proposed to be included in the
305     agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials
306     protection area is within a city or town.
307          (22) "Political subdivision" means a county, city, town, school district, special district,
308     or special service district.
309          (23) "Proposal sponsors" means the owners of land in agricultural production,
310     industrial use, or critical infrastructure materials operations who are sponsoring the proposal
311     for creating an agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure
312     materials protection area.
313          (24) "State agency" means each department, commission, board, council, agency,
314     institution, officer, corporation, fund, division, office, committee, authority, laboratory, library,
315     unit, bureau, panel, or other administrative unit of the state.
316          (25) "Unincorporated" means not within a city or town.
317          (26) "Vested critical infrastructure materials operations" means critical infrastructure
318     materials operations that meet the conclusive presumption described in Subsection
319     17-41-701(1)(a).
320          [(26)] (27) "Vested mining use" means a mining use:
321          (a) by a mine operator; and
322          (b) that existed on any portion of the mining property or was conducted or otherwise
323     engaged in before a political subdivision prohibits[, restricts, or otherwise limits] a mining use.
324          Section 4. Section 17-41-201 is amended to read:
325          17-41-201. Protection area advisory board.
326          (1) (a) (i) A county legislative body shall appoint no more than five members from the
327     county's conservation district board of supervisors to serve as the agriculture protection area
328     advisory board.
329          (ii) A county legislative body shall appoint an industrial protection area advisory board.
330          (iii) Subject to Subsection (1)(b), a county legislative body shall form a critical
331     infrastructure materials protection area advisory board that, once formed, consists of:
332          (A) the executive director of the Department of Transportation, or the executive
333     director's designee;
334          (B) a local government elected official appointed by the county legislative body;
335          (C) a representative of a local highway authority appointed by the county legislative
336     body;
337          (D) a representative of the critical infrastructure materials industry appointed by the
338     county legislative body; and
339          (E) a representative of the construction industry appointed by the county legislative
340     body.
341          (b) A county legislative body may appoint an advisory board before or after a proposal
342     to create an agriculture protection area or industrial protection area is filed. A county legislative
343     body shall appoint a critical infrastructure materials protection area advisory board only after a
344     proposal to create a critical infrastructure materials protection area is filed by a critical
345     infrastructure materials operator.
346          (2) A member of an advisory board shall serve without salary, but a county legislative
347     body may reimburse members for expenses incurred in the performance of their duties.
348          (3) An advisory board shall:
349          (a) evaluate proposals for the establishment of the relevant protection areas and make
350     recommendations to the applicable legislative body about whether the proposal should be
351     accepted;
352          (b) provide expert advice to the planning commission and to the applicable legislative
353     body about:
354          (i) the desirability of the proposal;
355          (ii) the nature of agricultural production, industrial use, or critical infrastructure
356     materials operations, as the case may be, within the proposed area;
357          (iii) the relation of agricultural production, industrial use, or critical infrastructure
358     materials operations, as the case may be, in the area to the county as a whole; and
359          (iv) which agriculture production, industrial use, or critical infrastructure materials
360     operations, should be allowed within the relevant protection area; and
361          (c) perform the other duties required by this chapter.
362          Section 5. Section 17-41-301 is amended to read:
363          17-41-301. Proposal for creation of a protection area.
364          (1) (a) A proposal to create an agriculture protection area, an industrial protection area,
365     or critical infrastructure materials protection area may be filed with:
366          (i) the legislative body of the county in which the area is located, if the area is within
367     the unincorporated part of a county; or
368          (ii) the legislative body of the [city or town] municipality in which the area is located,
369     if the area is within a [city or town] municipality.
370          (b) [A proposal to create a critical infrastructure protection area can only be initiated by
371     the legislative body of the municipality or county.] Creation of a critical infrastructure
372     materials protection area is a legislative act.
373          (c) (i) To be accepted for processing by the applicable legislative body, a proposal
374     under Subsection (1)(a) shall be signed by:
375          (A) for a proposed agriculture protection area or industrial protection area, a majority
376     in number of all owners of real property and the owners of a majority of the land area in
377     agricultural production[,] or industrial use[, or critical infrastructure materials operations]
378     within the proposed relevant protection area[.]; or
379          (B) for a proposed critical infrastructure materials protection area, the critical
380     infrastructure materials operator.
381          (ii) For purposes of Subsection (1)(c)(i), the owners of real property shall be
382     determined by the records of the county recorder.
383          (2) The proposal shall identify:
384          (a) the boundaries of the land proposed to become part of the relevant protection area;
385          (b) any limits on the types of agriculture production, industrial use, or critical
386     infrastructure materials operations to be allowed within the relevant protection area; and
387          (c) for each parcel of land:
388          (i) the names of the owners of record of the land proposed to be included within the
389     relevant protection area;
390          (ii) the tax parcel number or account number identifying each parcel; and
391          (iii) the number of acres of each parcel.
392          (3) An agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure
393     materials protection area may include within its boundaries land used for a roadway, dwelling
394     site, park, or other nonagricultural use, in the case of an industrial protection area, nonindustrial
395     use, or in the case of a critical infrastructure materials protection area, use unrelated to critical
396     infrastructure materials operations, if that land constitutes a minority of the total acreage within
397     [the] the relevant protection area.
398          (4) A county or municipal legislative body may establish:
399          (a) the manner and form for submission of proposals; and
400          (b) reasonable fees for accepting and processing the proposal.
401          [(5) A county and municipal legislative body shall establish the minimum number of
402     continuous acres that shall be included in an agriculture protection area, industrial protection
403     area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area.]
404          Section 6. Section 17-41-302 is amended to read:
405          17-41-302. Notice of proposal for creation of protection area -- Responses.
406          (1) (a) An applicable legislative body shall provide notice of the proposal, as a class B
407     notice under Section 63G-30-102, for at least 15 days.
408          (b) A legislative body shall provide the notice described in Subsection (1)(a) for the
409     geographic boundaries of the proposed agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or
410     critical infrastructure materials protection area, and the area that extends 1,000 feet beyond the
411     geographic boundaries of the proposed agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or
412     critical infrastructure materials protection area.
413          [(2) The notice shall contain:]
414          [(a) a statement that a proposal for the creation of an agriculture protection area,
415     industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area has been filed with
416     the applicable legislative body;]
417          [(b) a statement that the proposal will be open to public inspection in the office of the
418     applicable legislative body;]
419          [(c) a statement that any person affected by the establishment of the area may, within
420     15 days of the date of the notice, file with the applicable legislative body:]
421          [(i) written objections to the proposal; or]
422          [(ii) a written request to modify the proposal to exclude land from or add land to the
423     proposed protection area;]
424          [(d) a statement that the applicable legislative body will submit the proposal to the
425     advisory committee and to the planning commission for review and recommendations;]
426          [(e) a statement that the applicable legislative body will hold a public hearing to
427     discuss and hear public comment on:]
428          [(i) the proposal to create the agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or
429     critical infrastructure materials protection area;]
430          [(ii) the recommendations of the advisory committee and planning commission; and]
431          [(iii) any requests for modification of the proposal and any objections to the proposal;
432     and]
433          [(f) a statement indicating the date, time, and place of the public hearing.]
434          (2) The notice shall provide as follows: "[County/City/Town] has received a proposal
435     to create a [agriculture/industrial/critical infrastructure materials] protection area. This proposal
436     is available for public inspection in the office of [Name of County/City/Town Office], located
437     at [address]. Any person affected by this proposal may, within 15 days of the date of this
438     notice, file a written objection or a written request to modify the proposal. The [applicable
439     legislative body of the County/City/Town] will submit this proposal to [the advisory committee
440     and to the planning commission, if applicable] for review and recommendations. The
441     [applicable legislative body of the County/City/Town] will hold a public hearing to discuss and
442     hear public comment on (1) the proposal; (2) the recommendations of the [the advisory
443     committee and the planning commission, if applicable]; and (3) any requests for modifications
444     of the proposal and any objections to the proposal. The public hearing will take place on [date]
445     at [time] at [location and address]."
446          (3) (a) A person wishing to modify the proposal for the creation of the agriculture
447     protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area
448     shall, within 15 days after the date of the notice, file a written request for modification of the
449     proposal, which identifies specifically the land that should be added to or removed from the
450     proposal.
451          (b) A person wishing to object to the proposal for the creation of the agriculture
452     protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area
453     shall, within 15 days after the date of the notice, file a written objection to the creation of the
454     relevant protection area.
455          Section 7. Section 17-41-304 is amended to read:
456          17-41-304. Public hearing -- Notice -- Review and action on proposal.
457          (1) After receipt of the written reports from the advisory committee and planning
458     commission, or after the 45 days have expired, whichever is earlier, the county or municipal
459     legislative body shall:
460          (a) schedule a public hearing;
461          (b) provide notice of the public hearing for the geographic area described in Subsection
462     17-41-302(1)(b), as a class B notice under Section 63G-30-102, for at least seven days; and
463          (c) ensure that the notice includes:
464          (i) the time, date, and place of the public hearing on the proposal;
465          (ii) a description of the proposed agriculture protection area, industrial protection area,
466     or critical infrastructure materials protection area;
467          (iii) any proposed modifications to the proposed agriculture protection area, industrial
468     protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area;
469          (iv) a summary of the recommendations of the advisory committee and planning
470     commission, if applicable; and
471          (v) a statement that interested persons may appear at the public hearing and speak in
472     favor of or against the proposal, any proposed modifications to the proposal, or the
473     recommendations of the advisory committee and planning commission.
474          (2) The applicable legislative body shall:
475          (a) convene the public hearing at the time, date, and place specified in the notice; and
476          (b) take oral or written [testimony] comments from interested persons.
477          (3) (a) Within 120 days of the submission of the proposal, the applicable legislative
478     body shall approve, modify and approve, or reject the proposal. If the applicable legislative
479     body fails to approve, modify and approve, or reject the proposal within the 120-day time
480     period, the proposal is considered approved as submitted.
481          (b) The creation of an agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical
482     infrastructure materials protection area is effective at the earlier of:
483          (i) the applicable legislative body's approval of a proposal or modified proposal; or
484          (ii) 120 days after submission of a proposal complying with Subsection 17-41-301(2) if
485     the applicable legislative body has failed to approve or reject the proposal within that time.
486          [(c) Notwithstanding Subsection (3)(b), a critical infrastructure materials protection
487     area is effective only if the applicable legislative body, at its discretion, approves a proposal or
488     modified proposal.]
489          (4) (a) To give constructive notice of the existence of the agriculture protection area,
490     industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area to all persons who
491     have, may acquire, or may seek to acquire an interest in land in or adjacent to the relevant
492     protection area within 10 days of the creation of the relevant protection area, the applicable
493     legislative body shall file an executed document containing a legal description of the relevant
494     protection area with:
495          (i) the county recorder of deeds; and
496          (ii) the affected planning commission.
497          (b) If the legal description of the property to be included in the relevant protection area
498     is available through the county recorder's office, the applicable legislative body shall use that
499     legal description in its executed document required in Subsection (4)(a).
500          (5) Within 10 days of the recording of the agriculture protection area, the applicable
501     legislative body shall:
502          (a) send written notification to the commissioner of agriculture and food that the
503     agriculture protection area has been created; and
504          (b) include in the notification:
505          (i) the number of landowners owning land within the agriculture protection area;
506          (ii) the total acreage of the area;
507          (iii) the date of approval of the area; and
508          (iv) the date of recording.
509          (6) The applicable legislative body's failure to record the notice required under
510     Subsection (4) or to send the written notification under Subsection (5) does not invalidate the
511     creation of an agriculture protection area.
512          (7) The applicable legislative body may consider the cost of recording notice under
513     Subsection (4) and the cost of sending notification under Subsection (5) in establishing a fee
514     under Subsection 17-41-301(4)(b).
515          Section 8. Section 17-41-305 is amended to read:
516          17-41-305. Criteria to be applied in evaluating a proposal for the creation of a
517     protection area.
518          (1) In evaluating a proposal and in determining whether or not to create or recommend
519     the creation of an agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure
520     materials protection area, the advisory committee, planning commission, and applicable
521     legislative body shall apply the following criteria:
522          [(1)] (a) whether or not the land is currently being used for agriculture production,
523     industrial use, or critical infrastructure materials operations, as the case may be;
524          [(2)] (b) whether or not the land is zoned for agriculture use, industrial use, or critical
525     infrastructure materials operations, as the case may be;
526          [(3)] (c) whether or not the land is viable for agriculture production, industrial use, or
527     critical infrastructure materials operations, as the case may be;
528          [(4)] (d) the extent and nature of existing or proposed farm improvements, the extent
529     and nature of existing or proposed improvements to or expansion of the industrial use, or the
530     extent and nature of existing or proposed improvements to or expansion of critical
531     infrastructure materials operations, as the case may be; and
532          [(5)] (e) [(a)] (i) in the case of an agriculture protection area, anticipated trends in
533     agricultural and technological conditions;
534          [(b)] (ii) in the case of an industrial protection area, anticipated trends in technological
535     conditions applicable to the industrial use of the land in question; or
536          [(c)] (iii) in the case of a critical infrastructure materials protection area[,]:
537          (A) anticipated trends in technological conditions applicable to the critical
538     infrastructure materials operations of the land in question[.];
539          (B) the extent to which the property has been or will be used in the critical
540     infrastructure materials operations; and
541          (C) post-operations land use.
542          (2) The timing of acquisition of the various parcels within a critical infrastructure
543     materials protection area, or ownership of the parcels, is not relevant when evaluating a
544     proposal to create a critical infrastructure protection area.
545          Section 9. Section 17-41-306 is amended to read:
546          17-41-306. Adding land to or removing land from a protection area -- Removing
547     land from a mining protection area.
548          (1) (a) Any owner may add land to an existing agriculture protection area, industrial
549     protection area, critical infrastructure materials protection area, as the case may be, by:
550          (i) filing a proposal with:
551          (A) the county legislative body, if the relevant protection area and the land to be added
552     are within the unincorporated part of the county; or
553          (B) the municipal legislative body, if the relevant protection area and the land to be
554     added are within a city or town; and
555          (ii) obtaining the approval of the applicable legislative body for the addition of the land
556     to the relevant protection area.
557          (b) The applicable legislative body shall:
558          (i) comply with the provisions for creating an agriculture protection area, industrial
559     protection area, critical infrastructure materials protection area, as the case may be, in
560     determining whether to accept the proposal; and
561          (ii) for purposes of a critical infrastructure materials protection area, request a copy of
562     the applicable Division of Air Quality approval order.
563          (c) The applicable legislative body may deny the expansion if it is contrary to the
564     Division of Air Quality's approval order.
565          (2) (a) An owner of land within an agriculture protection area, industrial protection
566     area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area may remove any or all of the land from
567     the relevant protection area, by filing a petition for removal with the applicable legislative
568     body.
569          (b) (i) The applicable legislative body:
570          [(A) shall:]
571          [(I) grant the petition for removal of land from the relevant protection area, even if
572     removal of the land would result in an agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or
573     critical infrastructure materials protection area of less than the number of acres established by
574     the applicable legislative body as the minimum under Section 17-41-301; and]
575          [(II) to]
576          (A) shall give constructive notice of the removal to all persons who have, may acquire,
577     or may seek to acquire an interest in land in or adjacent to the agriculture protection area,
578     industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area and the land
579     removed from the relevant protection area, file a legal description of the revised boundaries of
580     the relevant protection area with the county recorder of deeds and the affected planning
581     commission; and
582          (B) may not charge a fee in connection with a petition to remove land from an
583     agriculture protection area, an industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials
584     protection area.
585          (ii) The remaining land in the agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or
586     critical infrastructure materials protection area is still an agriculture protection area, industrial
587     protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area.
588          (iii) (A) A critical infrastructure materials operator may abandon some or all of its
589     critical infrastructure materials operations use only as provided in this Subsection (2)(b)(iii).
590          (B) To abandon some or all of a critical infrastructure materials operations, a critical
591     infrastructure materials operator shall record a written declaration of abandonment with the
592     recorder of the county in which the critical infrastructure materials operations being abandoned
593     is located.
594          (C) The written declaration of abandonment under this Subsection (2)(b)(iii) shall
595     specify the critical infrastructure materials operations or the portion of the critical infrastructure
596     materials operations being abandoned.
597          (3) (a) If a municipality annexes any land located in the unincorporated part of the
598     county that is part of an agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical
599     infrastructure materials protection area [located in the unincorporated part of the county,]:
600          (i) the annexed land retains the annexed land's status as part of an agriculture
601     protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area;
602     and
603          (ii) the county legislative body shall, within 30 days after the land is annexed, review
604     the feasibility of [that land remaining in the relevant protection area] any land that remains
605     within the unincorporated part of the county retaining its status as part of an agriculture
606     protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area
607     according to the procedures and requirements of Section 17-41-307.
608          (b) The county legislative body shall remove the annexed land from the relevant
609     protection area only if:
610          (i) the county legislative body concludes, after the review under Section 17-41-307,
611     that removal is appropriate; and
612          (ii) the owners of all the annexed land that is within the relevant protection area
613     consent in writing to the removal.
614          (c) Removal of land from an agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or
615     critical infrastructure materials protection area under this Subsection (3) does not affect
616     whether that land may be:
617          (i) included in a proposal under Section 17-41-301 to create an agriculture protection
618     area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area within the
619     municipality; or
620          (ii) added to an existing agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or
621     critical infrastructure materials protection area within the municipality under Subsection (1).
622          (4) A mine operator that owns or controls land within a mining protection area may
623     remove any or all of the land from the mining protection area by filing a notice of removal with
624     the legislative body of the county in which the land is located.
625          Section 10. Section 17-41-307 is amended to read:
626          17-41-307. Review of protection areas.
627          (1) In the 20th calendar year after its creation under this part, an agriculture protection
628     area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area, as the case
629     may be, shall be reviewed, under the provisions of this section, by:
630          (a) the county legislative body, if the relevant protection area is within the
631     unincorporated part of the county; or
632          (b) the municipal legislative body, if the relevant protection area is within the
633     municipality.
634          (2) (a) In the 20th year, the applicable legislative body may:
635          (i) request the planning commission and advisory board to submit recommendations
636     about whether the agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical
637     infrastructure materials protection area, as the case may be, should be continued, modified, or
638     terminated;
639          (ii) at least 120 days before the end of the calendar year, hold a public hearing to
640     discuss whether the relevant protection area, should be continued, modified, or terminated;
641          (iii) give notice of the hearing using the same procedures required by Section
642     17-41-302; and
643          (iv) after the public hearing, continue, modify, or terminate the relevant protection
644     area.
645          (b) If the applicable legislative body modifies or terminates the agriculture protection
646     area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area, the
647     applicable legislative body shall file an executed document containing the legal description of
648     the relevant protection area, with the county recorder of deeds.
649          (c) An agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure
650     materials protection area may not be terminated by a legislative body unless:
651          (i) the protection area has not been used for agricultural, industrial, or critical
652     infrastructure materials purposes for at least the immediately preceding 15 consecutive years;
653     and
654          (ii) the provisions of Section 17-41-306 or 17-41-704 have been met.
655          (3) If the applicable legislative body fails affirmatively to continue, modify, or
656     terminate the agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure
657     materials protection area, as the case may be, in the 20th calendar year, the relevant protection
658     area is considered to be reauthorized for another 20 years.
659          Section 11. Section 17-41-402 is amended to read:
660          17-41-402. Limitations on local regulations.
661          (1) (a) A political subdivision within which an agriculture protection area, industrial
662     protection area, or critical infrastructure materials protection area is created or with a mining
663     protection area within its boundary shall encourage the continuity, development, and viability
664     of agriculture use, industrial use, critical infrastructure materials operations, or mining use,
665     within the relevant protection area by not enacting a local law, ordinance, or regulation that[,
666     unless the law, ordinance, or regulation bears a direct relationship to public health or safety,]
667     would unreasonably restrict:
668          [(a)] (i) in the case of an agriculture protection area, a farm structure or farm practice;
669          [(b)] (ii) in the case of an industrial protection area, an industrial use of the land within
670     the area;
671          [(c)] (iii) in the case of a critical infrastructure materials protection area, critical
672     infrastructure materials operations; or
673          [(d)] (iv) in the case of a mining protection area, a mining use within the protection
674     area.
675          (b) Notwithstanding the other provisions of this section, if there is clear and convincing
676     evidence that an agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, or critical infrastructure
677     materials protection area presents an imminent danger to the public health, safety, and welfare,
678     a political subdivision may impose reasonable conditions on the agriculture, industrial, or
679     critical infrastructure operations to directly address the imminent danger.
680          (2) A political subdivision may not change the zoning designation of or a zoning
681     regulation affecting land within an agriculture protection area unless the political subdivision
682     receives written approval for the change from all the landowners within the agriculture
683     protection area affected by the change.
684          (3) Except as provided by Section 19-4-113, a political subdivision may not change the
685     zoning designation of or a zoning regulation affecting land within an industrial protection area
686     unless the political subdivision receives written approval for the change from all the
687     landowners within the industrial protection area affected by the change.
688          (4) A political subdivision may not change the zoning designation of or a zoning
689     regulation affecting land within a critical infrastructure materials protection area unless the
690     political subdivision receives written approval for the change from each critical infrastructure
691     materials operator within the relevant area.
692          (5) A political subdivision may not change the zoning designation of or a zoning
693     regulation affecting land within a mining protection area unless the political subdivision
694     receives written approval for the change from each mine operator within the area.
695          (6) A [county, city, or town] political subdivision may not:
696          (a) adopt, enact, or amend an existing land use regulation, ordinance, or regulation that
697     would prohibit, restrict, regulate, or otherwise limit critical infrastructure materials operations,
698     including vested critical infrastructure materials operations [as defined in Section 10-9a-901 or
699     17-27a-1001]; or
700          (b) initiate proceedings to amend the [county's, city's, or town's] political subdivision's
701     land use ordinances as described in Subsection 10-9a-509(1)(a)(ii) or 17-27a-508(1)(a)(ii).
702          Section 12. Section 17-41-403 is amended to read:
703          17-41-403. Nuisances.
704          (1) A political subdivision shall ensure that any of the political subdivision's laws or
705     ordinances that define or prohibit a public nuisance exclude from the definition or prohibition:
706          (a) for an agriculture protection area, any agricultural activity or operation within an
707     agriculture protection area conducted using sound agricultural practices [unless that activity or
708     operation bears a direct relationship to public health or safety];
709          (b) for an industrial protection area, any industrial use of the land within the industrial
710     protection area that is consistent with sound practices applicable to the industrial use[, unless
711     that use bears a direct relationship to public health or safety; or];
712          (c) for a critical infrastructure materials protection area, any critical infrastructure
713     materials operations on the land within the critical infrastructure materials protection area that
714     is consistent with sound practices applicable to the critical infrastructure materials operations[,
715     unless that use bears a direct relationship to public health or safety.]; or
716          (d) for a mining protection area, a mining use or vested mining use on any portion of
717     the land within the mining protection area that is consistent with sound practices applicable to
718     the mining use or vested mining use.
719          (2) In a civil action for nuisance or a criminal action for public nuisance under Section
720     76-10-803, it is a complete defense if the action involves agricultural, industrial, critical
721     infrastructure, or mining activities and:
722          (a) those [agricultural] activities were:
723          (i) conducted within [an agriculture] the protection area; and
724          (ii) not in violation of any federal, state, or local law or regulation relating to the
725     alleged nuisance or were conducted according to sound [agricultural] practices; or
726          (b) a defense under Section 4-44-201 applies.
727          (3) (a) A vested mining use undertaken in conformity with applicable federal and state
728     law and regulations is presumed to be operating within sound mining practices.
729          (b) A vested mining use that is consistent with sound mining practices:
730          (i) is presumed to be reasonable; and
731          (ii) may not constitute a private or public nuisance under Section 76-10-803.
732          (c) A vested mining use in operation for more than three years may not be considered
733     to have become a private or public nuisance because of a subsequent change in the condition of
734     land within the vicinity of the vested mining use.
735          (4) (a) For any new subdivision development located in whole or in part within 300
736     feet of the boundary of an agriculture protection area, the owner of the development shall
737     provide notice on any plat filed with the county recorder the following notice:
738     
"Agriculture Protection Area

739          This property is located in the vicinity of an established agriculture protection area in
740     which normal agricultural uses and activities have been afforded the highest priority use
741     status. It can be anticipated that such agricultural uses and activities may now or in the future
742     be conducted on property included in the agriculture protection area. The use and enjoyment of
743     this property is expressly conditioned on acceptance of any annoyance or inconvenience which
744     may result from such normal agricultural uses and activities."
745          (b) For any new subdivision development located in whole or in part within 1,000 feet
746     of the boundary of an industrial protection area, the owner of the development shall provide
747     notice on any plat filed with the county recorder the following notice:
748     
"Industrial Protection Area

749          This property is located in the vicinity of an established industrial protection area in
750     which normal industrial uses and activities have been afforded the highest priority use
751     status. It can be anticipated that such industrial uses and activities may now or in the
752     future be conducted on property included in the industrial protection area. The use and
753     enjoyment of this property is expressly conditioned on acceptance of any annoyance or
754     inconvenience which may result from such normal industrial uses and activities."
755          (c) For any new subdivision development located in whole or in part within 1,000 feet
756     of the boundary of a critical infrastructure materials protection area, the owner of the
757     development shall provide notice on any plat filed with the county recorder the following
758     notice:
759     
"Critical Infrastructure Materials Protection Area

760          This property is located in the vicinity of an established critical infrastructure materials
761     protection area in which critical infrastructure materials operations have been afforded
762     the highest priority use status. It can be anticipated that such operations may now or in
763     the future be conducted on property included in the critical infrastructure materials
764     protection area. The use and enjoyment of this property is expressly conditioned on
765     acceptance of any annoyance or inconvenience which may result from such normal
766     critical infrastructure materials operations."
767          (d) For any new subdivision development located in whole or in part within 1,000 feet
768     of the boundary of a mining protection area, the owner of the development shall provide notice
769     on any plat filed with the county recorder the following notice:
770          "This property is located within the vicinity of an established mining protection area in
771     which normal mining uses and activities have been afforded the highest priority use
772     status. It can be anticipated that the mining uses and activities may now or in the future be
773     conducted on property included in the mining protection area. The use and enjoyment of this
774     property is expressly conditioned on acceptance of any annoyance or inconvenience that may
775     result from the normal mining uses and activities."
776          Section 13. Section 17-41-404 is amended to read:
777          17-41-404. Policy of state agencies.
778          (1) A state agency shall encourage the continuity, development, and viability of
779     agriculture within agriculture protection areas, industrial uses with industrial protection areas,
780     [and] critical infrastructure materials operations within critical infrastructure protection areas,
781     and mining uses within mining protection areas by:
782          [(1)] (a) not enacting rules that would impose unreasonable restrictions on:
783          (i) farm structures or farm practices within the agriculture protection area[, on];
784          (ii) industrial uses and practices within the industrial protection area[, or on];
785          (iii) critical infrastructure materials operations [with] within a critical infrastructure
786     materials protection area[, unless those laws, ordinances, or regulations bear a direct
787     relationship to public health or safety or are required by federal law; and]; or
788          (iv) a mining use within a mining protection area; or
789          [(2)] (b) modifying existing rules that would impose unreasonable restrictions on:
790          (i) farm structures or farm practices within the agriculture protection area[, on];
791          (ii) industrial uses and activities within the industrial protection area[, or on];
792          (iii) critical infrastructure materials operations within a critical infrastructure materials
793     protection area[, unless those laws, ordinances, or regulations bear a direct relationship to
794     public health or safety or are required by federal law.]; or
795          (iv) a mining use within a mining protection area.
796          (2) Notwithstanding Subsection (1), if there is clear and convincing evidence that farm
797     structures or farm practices within an agriculture protection area, industrial uses and activities
798     within an industrial protection area, critical infrastructure materials operations within a critical
799     infrastructure materials protection area, or a mining use within a mining protection area would
800     present an imminent danger to public health, safety, and welfare, a state agency may impose
801     reasonable conditions on the operations to directly address the imminent danger.
802          Section 14. Section 17-41-405 is amended to read:
803          17-41-405. Eminent domain restrictions -- Notice of hearing.
804          (1) A political subdivision having or exercising eminent domain powers may not
805     condemn for any purpose any land within an agriculture protection area that is being used for
806     agricultural production, land within an industrial protection area that is being put to an
807     industrial use, [or] land within a critical infrastructure materials protection area, land within a
808     mining protection area, or land described in a declaration filed pursuant to Subsection
809     17-41-501(4) or 17-41-701(4) unless the political subdivision obtains approval, according to
810     the procedures and requirements of this section, from the applicable legislative body and the
811     advisory board.
812          (2) Any condemnor wishing to condemn property within an agriculture protection area,
813     industrial protection area, [or] critical infrastructure materials protection area, or mining
814     protection area shall file a notice of condemnation with the applicable legislative body and the
815     relevant protection area's advisory board at least 30 days before filing an eminent domain
816     complaint.
817          (3) The applicable legislative body and the advisory board shall:
818          (a) hold a joint public hearing on the proposed condemnation at a location within the
819     county or municipality in which the relevant protection area is located; and
820          (b) publish notice of the time, date, place, and purpose of the public hearing for the
821     relevant protection area, as a class A notice under Section 63G-30-102, for at least seven days.
822          (4) (a) If the condemnation is for highway purposes or for the disposal of solid or
823     liquid waste materials, the applicable legislative body and the advisory board may approve the
824     condemnation only if there is no reasonable and prudent alternative to the use of the land
825     within the agriculture protection area, industrial protection area, [or] critical infrastructure
826     materials protection area, or mining protection area for the project.
827          (b) If the condemnation is for any other purpose, the applicable legislative body and the
828     advisory board may approve the condemnation only if:
829          (i) the proposed condemnation would not have an unreasonably adverse effect upon the
830     preservation and enhancement of:
831          (A) agriculture within the agriculture protection area;
832          (B) the industrial use within the industrial protection area; [or]
833          (C) critical infrastructure materials operations within the critical infrastructure
834     materials protection area; or
835          (D) mining use within the mining protection area; or
836          (ii) there is no reasonable and prudent alternative to the use of the land within the
837     relevant protection area for the project.
838          (5) (a) Within 60 days after receipt of the notice of condemnation, the applicable
839     legislative body and the advisory board shall approve or reject the proposed condemnation.
840          (b) If the applicable legislative body and the advisory board fail to act within the 60
841     days or such further time as the applicable legislative body establishes, the condemnation shall
842     be considered rejected.
843          (6) The applicable legislative body or the advisory board may request the county or
844     municipal attorney to bring an action to enjoin any condemnor from violating any provisions of
845     this section.
846          Section 15. Section 17-41-501 is amended to read:
847          17-41-501. Vested mining use -- Conclusive presumption.
848          (1) (a) A mining use is conclusively presumed to be a vested mining use if the mining
849     use existed on any portion of the mining property or was conducted or otherwise engaged in
850     before a political subdivision prohibits[, restricts, or otherwise limits] the mining use.
851          (b) [Anyone] Subject to Subsection (5), a person claiming that a vested mining use has
852     not been established has the burden of proof to show by clear and convincing evidence that the
853     vested mining use has not been established.
854          (2) A vested mining use:
855          (a) runs with the land; and
856          (b) may be changed to another mining use without losing its status as a vested mining
857     use.
858          (3) The present or future boundary described in the large mine permit of a mine
859     operator with a vested mining use does not limit:
860          (a) the scope of the mine operator's rights under this chapter; or
861          (b) the protection that this chapter provides for a mining protection area.
862          (4) (a) A mine operator with a vested mining use shall file a declaration for recording
863     in the office of the recorder of the county in which the vested mining use is located.
864          (b) A declaration under Subsection (4)(a) shall:
865          (i) contain a legal description of the land included within the vested mining use; and
866          (ii) provide notice of the vested mining use.
867          (c) If a mine operator with a vested mining use provides a copy of the mine operator's
868     recorded declaration to a political subdivision or state agency, the political subdivision or state
869     agency has actual notice of the vested mining use and shall treat the vested mining use as
870     established unless clear and convincing evidence is presented to the political subdivision or
871     state agency in a formal adjudicative proceeding that the vested mining use has not been
872     established.
873          (d) The division or the board may declare a vested mining use to be established, which
874     determination is conclusive for all purposes unless it is arbitrary and capricious or illegal.
875          (5) (a) A person seeking to challenge a vested mining use shall file the challenge with
876     the board.
877          (b) A person shall file a challenge under this Subsection (5) by no later than the later
878     of:
879          (i) May 1, 2025; or
880          (ii) one year after receiving actual notice of the vested mining use.
881          (c) If a person does not file a challenge under this Subsection (5) within the time frame
882     described in Subsection (5)(b), the declaration described in Subsection (4) is considered to be
883     conclusively established for all purposes.
884          (d) If a party unsuccessfully challenges a vested mining use, the board may award the
885     prevailing mine operator appropriate costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney fees,
886     from the unsuccessful party.
887          (6) This part controls over any other statute, rule, ordinance, policy, practice, order, or
888     directive regarding vested mining use.
889          (7) This part applies to a declaration that has been filed on or before May 1, 2024, and
890     to a declaration that may be filed after May 1, 2024.
891          Section 16. Section 17-41-502 is amended to read:
892          17-41-502. Rights of a mine operator with a vested mining use -- Expanding
893     vested mining use.
894          (1) Notwithstanding a political subdivision's prohibition, restriction, or other limitation
895     on a mining use adopted after the establishment of the mining use, the rights of a mine operator
896     with a vested mining use include the rights to:
897          (a) progress, extend, enlarge, grow, or expand the vested mining use to any surface or
898     subsurface land or mineral estate [that] if as of January 1, 2019, the mine operator owns or
899     controls the surface or subsurface land or mineral estate;
900          (b) expand the vested mining use to any new land that:
901          (i) is contiguous or partly contiguous and related in mineralization to surface or
902     subsurface land or a mineral estate that the mine operator [already owns or controls] comes to
903     own or control after January 1, 2019;
904          (ii) contains minerals that are part of the same mineral trend as the minerals that the
905     mine operator [already owns or controls] comes to own or control after January 1, 2019; or
906          (iii) is a geologic offshoot to surface or subsurface land or a mineral estate that the
907     mine operator [already owns or controls] comes to own or control after January 1, 2019;
908          (c) use, operate, construct, reconstruct, restore, extend, expand, maintain, repair, alter,
909     substitute, modernize, upgrade, and replace equipment, processes, facilities, and buildings on
910     any surface or subsurface land or mineral estate that the mine operator owns or controls;
911          (d) increase production or volume, alter the method of mining or processing, and mine
912     or process a different or additional mineral than previously mined or owned on any surface or
913     subsurface land or mineral estate that the mine operator owns or controls; and
914          (e) discontinue, suspend, terminate, deactivate, or continue and reactivate, temporarily
915     or permanently, all or any part of the mining use.
916          (2) (a) As used in this Subsection (2), "applicable legislative body" means the
917     legislative body of each:
918          (i) county in whose unincorporated area the new land to be included in the vested
919     mining use is located; and
920          (ii) municipality in which the new land to be included in the vested mining use is
921     located.
922          (b) A mine operator with a vested mining use is presumed to have a right to expand the
923     vested mining use to new land.
924          (c) Before expanding a vested mining use to new land, a mine operator shall provide
925     written notice:
926          (i) of the mine operator's intent to expand the vested mining use; and
927          (ii) to each applicable legislative body.
928          (d) (i) An applicable legislative body shall:
929          (A) hold a public meeting or hearing at its next available meeting that is more than 10
930     days after receiving the notice under Subsection (2)(c); and
931          (B) provide reasonable, advance, written notice:
932          (I) of:
933          (Aa) the intended expansion of the vested mining use; and
934          (Bb) the public meeting or hearing; and
935          (II) to each owner of the surface estate of the new land.
936          (ii) A public meeting or hearing under Subsection (2)(d)(i) serves to provide sufficient
937     public notice of the mine operator's intent to expand the vested mining use to the new land.
938          (e) After the public meeting or hearing under Subsection (2)(d)(ii), a mine operator
939     may expand a vested mining use to new land without any action by an applicable legislative
940     body[, unless].
941          (f) If there is clear and convincing evidence in the record that the expansion to new
942     land will imminently endanger the public health, safety, and welfare, the applicable legislative
943     body may impose reasonable conditions on the mine operator's expansion of the vested mining
944     use, but may not prohibit the expansion if the mine operator agrees to abide by the reasonable
945     conditions imposed by the applicable legislative body.
946          (3) If a mine operator expands a vested mining use to new land, as authorized under
947     this section:
948          (a) the mine operator's rights under the vested mining use with respect to land on which
949     the vested mining use occurs apply with equal force after the expansion to the new land; and
950          (b) the mining protection area that includes land on which the vested mining use occurs
951     is expanded to include the new land.
952          Section 17. Section 17-41-701 is enacted to read:
953     
Part 7. Vested Critical Infrastructure Materials Operations

954          17-41-701. Vested critical infrastructure materials operations -- Conclusive
955     presumption.
956          (1) (a) Critical infrastructure materials operations operating in accordance with a legal
957     nonconforming use or a permit issued by the political subdivision are conclusively presumed to
958     be vested critical infrastructure materials operations if the critical infrastructure materials
959     operations permitted by the political subdivision, existed on any portion of the property or were
960     conducted or otherwise engaged in before a political subdivision prohibits the critical
961     infrastructure materials operations.
962          (b) A person claiming that vested critical infrastructure materials operations have not
963     been established has the burden of proof to show by clear and convincing evidence that the
964     vested critical infrastructure materials operations have not been established.
965          (2) Vested critical infrastructure materials operations:
966          (a) run with the land; and
967          (b) may be changed to other critical infrastructure materials operations without losing
968     status as vested critical infrastructure materials operations.
969          (3) (a) A critical infrastructure materials protection area may be created within a
970     political subdivision following the procedures outlined in this chapter.
971          (b) Regardless of whether a critical infrastructure materials protection area is created,
972     vested critical infrastructure materials operations have the protections contained in this chapter,
973     Title 10, Chapter 9a, Municipal Land Use, Development, and Management Act, and Title 17,
974     Chapter 27a, County Land Use, Development, and Management Act.
975          (4) (a) A critical infrastructure materials operator with vested critical infrastructure
976     materials operations shall file a declaration for recording in the office of the recorder of the
977     county in which the vested critical infrastructure materials operations are located.
978          (b) A declaration under Subsection (4)(a) shall:
979          (i) contain a legal description of the land included within the vested critical
980     infrastructure materials operations; and
981          (ii) provide notice of the vested critical infrastructure materials operations.
982          (c) If a critical infrastructure materials operator with vested critical infrastructure
983     materials operations provides a copy of the critical infrastructure materials operator's recorded
984     declaration to a political subdivision or state agency, the political subdivision or state agency
985     has actual notice of the vested critical infrastructure materials operations and shall treat the
986     vested critical infrastructure materials operations as established unless a person presents clear
987     and convincing evidence to the political subdivision or state agency in a formal adjudicative
988     proceeding that the vested critical infrastructure materials operations have not been established.
989          (d) If a person unsuccessfully challenges vested critical infrastructure materials
990     operations under this Subsection (4), the prevailing critical infrastructure materials operator
991     may recover appropriate costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney fees, from the
992     unsuccessful challenger.
993          (e) Subsections (4)(a), (b), and (c) have retroactive effect to a challenge brought after
994     May 14, 2019.
995          (5) Except for the other provisions of this chapter, this part controls over any other
996     statute, rule, ordinance, policy, practice, order, or directive regarding vested critical
997     infrastructure materials operations.
998          Section 18. Section 17-41-702 is enacted to read:
999          17-41-702. Rights of a critical infrastructure materials operator with vested
1000     critical infrastructure materials operations.
1001          Notwithstanding a political subdivision's prohibition, restriction, or other limitation on
1002     a critical infrastructure materials operations adopted after the establishment of the critical
1003     infrastructure materials operations, the rights of a critical infrastructure materials operator with
1004     vested critical infrastructure materials operations include the right to:
1005          (1) progress, extend, enlarge, grow, or expand the vested critical infrastructure
1006     materials operations to any surface or subsurface land or mineral estate if, as of May 14, 2019,
1007     the critical infrastructure materials operator owns or controls the surface or subsurface land or
1008     mineral estate;
1009          (2) expand the vested critical infrastructure materials operations to any new land that:
1010          (a) is contiguous or partly contiguous and related in mineralization to surface or
1011     subsurface land or a mineral estate that the critical infrastructure materials operator comes to
1012     own or control after May 14, 2019;
1013          (b) contains minerals that are part of the same mineral trend as the minerals that the
1014     critical infrastructure materials operator comes to own or control after May 14, 2019; or
1015          (c) is a geologic offshoot to surface or subsurface land or a mineral estate that the
1016     critical infrastructure materials operator comes to own or control after May 14, 2019;
1017          (3) use, operate, construct, reconstruct, restore, maintain, repair, alter, substitute,
1018     modernize, upgrade, and replace equipment, processes, facilities, and buildings;
1019          (4) increase production or volume, alter the method of mining or processing, and mine
1020     or process a different or additional mineral or other critical infrastructure material than
1021     previously mined or owned on any surface or subsurface land or mineral estate that the critical
1022     infrastructure materials operator owns or controls; and
1023          (5) discontinue, suspend, terminate, deactivate, or continue and reactivate, temporarily
1024     or permanently, all or any part of the critical infrastructure materials operations.
1025          Section 19. Section 17-41-703 is enacted to read:
1026          17-41-703. Notice.
1027          For any new subdivision development located in whole or in part within 1,000 feet of
1028     the boundary of a vested critical infrastructure materials operations, the owner of the
1029     development shall provide notice on any plat filed with the county recorder the following
1030     notice:
1031          "Vested Critical Infrastructure Materials Operations
1032          This property is located in the vicinity of an established vested critical infrastructure
1033     materials operations in which critical infrastructure materials operations have been afforded the
1034     highest priority use status. It can be anticipated that such operations may now or in the future
1035     be conducted on property included in the critical infrastructure materials protection area. The
1036     use and enjoyment of this property is expressly conditioned on acceptance of any annoyance or
1037     inconvenience that may result from such normal critical infrastructure materials operations."
1038          Section 20. Section 17-41-704 is enacted to read:
1039          17-41-704. Abandonment of a vested critical infrastructure materials operations.
1040     (1) A critical infrastructure materials operator may abandon some or all of a vested critical
1041     infrastructure materials operations use only as provided in this section.
1042          (2) To abandon some or all of a vested critical infrastructure materials operations, a
1043     critical infrastructure materials operator shall record a written declaration of abandonment with
1044     the recorder of the county in which the vested critical infrastructure materials operations being
1045     abandoned is located.
1046          (3) The written declaration of abandonment under Subsection (2) shall specify the
1047     vested critical infrastructure materials operations or the portion of the vested critical
1048     infrastructure materials operations being abandoned.
1049          Section 21. Section 78B-6-1101 is amended to read:
1050          78B-6-1101. Definitions -- Nuisance -- Right of action -- Agriculture operations.
1051          (1) A nuisance is anything that is injurious to health, indecent, offensive to the senses,
1052     or an obstruction to the free use of property, so as to interfere with the comfortable enjoyment
1053     of life or property. A nuisance may be the subject of an action.
1054          (2) A nuisance may include the following:
1055          (a) drug houses and drug dealing as provided in Section 78B-6-1107;
1056          (b) gambling as provided in Title 76, Chapter 10, Part 11, Gambling;
1057          (c) criminal activity committed in concert with three or more persons as provided in
1058     Section 76-3-203.1;
1059          (d) criminal activity committed for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association
1060     with any criminal street gang as defined in Section 76-9-802;
1061          (e) criminal activity committed to gain recognition, acceptance, membership, or
1062     increased status with a criminal street gang as defined in Section 76-9-802;
1063          (f) party houses that frequently create conditions defined in Subsection (1); and
1064          (g) prostitution as provided in Title 76, Chapter 10, Part 13, Prostitution.
1065          (3) A nuisance under this part includes tobacco smoke that drifts into a residential unit
1066     a person rents, leases, or owns, from another residential or commercial unit and the smoke:
1067          (a) drifts in more than once in each of two or more consecutive seven-day periods; and
1068          (b) creates any of the conditions under Subsection (1).
1069          (4) Subsection (3) does not apply to:
1070          (a) a residential rental unit available for temporary rental, such as for a vacation, or
1071     available for only 30 or fewer days at a time; or
1072          (b) a hotel or motel room.
1073          (5) Subsection (3) does not apply to a unit that is part of a timeshare development, as
1074     defined in Section 57-19-2, or subject to a timeshare interest as defined in Section 57-19-2.
1075          (6) An action may be brought by a person whose property is injuriously affected, or
1076     whose personal enjoyment is lessened by the nuisance.
1077          (7) An action for nuisance against an agricultural operation is governed by Title 4,
1078     Chapter 44, Agricultural Operations Nuisances Act.
1079          (8) "Critical infrastructure materials operations" means the same as that term is defined
1080     in Section [10-9a-901] 17-41-701.
1081          (9) "Manufacturing facility" means a factory, plant, or other facility including its
1082     appurtenances, where the form of raw materials, processed materials, commodities, or other
1083     physical objects is converted or otherwise changed into other materials, commodities, or
1084     physical objects or where such materials, commodities, or physical objects are combined to
1085     form a new material, commodity, or physical object.
1086          Section 22. Repealer.
1087          This bill repeals:
1088          Section 10-9a-901, Definitions.
1089          Section 10-9a-902, Vested critical infrastructure materials operations -- Conclusive
1090     presumption.
1091          Section 10-9a-903, Rights of a critical infrastructure materials operator with a
1092     vested critical infrastructure materials operations.
1093          Section 10-9a-904, Notice.
1094          Section 10-9a-905, Abandonment of a vested critical infrastructure materials
1095     operations.
1096          Section 17-27a-1001, Definitions.
1097          Section 17-27a-1002, Vested critical infrastructure materials operations --
1098     Conclusive presumption.
1099          Section 17-27a-1003, Rights of a critical infrastructure materials operator with a
1100     vested critical infrastructure materials operations.
1101          Section 17-27a-1004, Notice.
1102          Section 17-27a-1005, Abandonment of a vested critical infrastructure materials
1103     operations.
1104          Section 23. Effective date.
1105          This bill takes effect on May 1, 2024.