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Third Substitute H.B. 101
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4
5
6 Cosponsors:
7 J. Stuart Adams
8 Sheryl L. Allen
9 Roger E. Barrus
10 Ron Bigelow
11 DeMar Bud Bowman
12 Craig W. Buttars
13 David Clark
14 Stephen D. Clark
15 Greg J. CurtisBrad L. Dee
Glenn A. Donnelson
John Dougall
James A. Ferrin
Ben C. Ferry
Julie Fisher
Ann W. Hardy
David L. Hogue
Kory M. Holdaway
Gregory H. HughesFred R. Hunsaker
Bradley T. Johnson
Rebecca D. Lockhart
Merlynn T. Newbold
Michael E. Noel
Aaron Tilton
Stephen H. Urquhart
Peggy Wallace
Scott L Wyatt 16
17 LONG TITLE
18 General Description:
19 This bill modifies the Lobbyist Disclosure and Regulation Act and a reporting section
20 of the Election Code.
21 Highlighted Provisions:
22 This bill:
23 . provides and modifies definitions;
24 . requires political action committees and political issues committees to file a yearly
25 organizational statement;
26 . requires political action committees and political issues committees to designate and
27 disclose the names of two officers having primary decision-making authority;
28 . provides a criminal penalty for a political action committee or a political issues
29 committee that knowingly provides false information on a statement of organization or a notice
30 of change of officer;
31 . removes reporting exemptions from certain travel, lodging, and meal expenses;
32 . provides that public officials, elected officials of local governments, and public
33 employees are subject to lobbyist disclosure regulations when making expenses that
34 are associated with lobbying;
35 . provides that the governor is not required to report expenses under the act;
36 . requires that financial expenditure reports be filed quarterly;
37 . requires that certain details be reported on expenditures over $100;
38 . requires that the $100 expenditure threshold be adjusted annually based on the
39 consumer price index;
40 . requires a principal or lobbyist to continue to file quarterly expense reports until the
41 principal or lobbyist files a statement that contains a final expense report and
42 notifies the lieutenant governor that the principal or lobbyist is ceasing lobbying
43 activities;
44 . requires that all reports lobbyist expense reports that are filed with the lieutenant
45 governor be submitted electronically;
46 . requires the chief election officer to calculate and provide public notice of the gift
47 expense threshold amount;
48 . establishes conflict of interest standards for lobbyists; and
49 . makes technical changes.
50 Monies Appropriated in this Bill:
51 None
52 Other Special Clauses:
53 This bill takes effect on January 15, 2007.
54 Utah Code Sections Affected:
55 AMENDS:
56 20A-11-601, as enacted by Chapter 1, Laws of Utah 1995
57 20A-11-801, as last amended by Chapter 355, Laws of Utah 1997
58 36-11-102, as last amended by Chapter 13, Laws of Utah 1998
59 36-11-103, as last amended by Chapter 27, Laws of Utah 2003
60 36-11-201, as last amended by Chapter 27, Laws of Utah 2003
61 ENACTS:
62 36-11-306, Utah Code Annotated 1953
63
64 Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
65 Section 1. Section 20A-11-601 is amended to read:
66 20A-11-601. Political action committees -- Registration -- Yearly statement of
67 organization -- Criminal penalty for providing false information.
68 (1) (a) Each political action committee shall file a statement of organization with the
69 lieutenant governor's office by January 10 of each year, unless the political action committee
70 has filed a notice of dissolution under Subsection (4).
71 (b) If a political action committee is organized after the January 10 filing date, the
72 political action committee shall file an initial statement of organization no later than seven
73 calendar days after:
74 [
75 [
76
77 (c) If January 10 falls on a weekend or holiday, the statement of organization shall be
78 filed by the following business day.
79 (2) Each political action committee shall designate two officers that have primary
80 decision-making authority for the political action committee.
81 [
82 (a) the name and address of the political action committee;
83 (b) the name, street address, phone number, occupation, and title of the two primary
84 officers designated under Subsection (2);
85 [
86 officers of the political action committee;
87 [
88 association, unit of government, or union that the political action committee represents, if any;
89 [
90 their relationships to the political action committee;
91 [
92 the committee's treasurer or chief financial officer; and
93 [
94 [
95 [
96 operations shall file a notice of dissolution with the lieutenant governor's office.
97 (b) Any notice of dissolution filed by a political action committee does not exempt that
98 political action committee from complying with the financial reporting requirements of this
99 chapter.
100 (5) (a) Unless the political action committee has filed a notice of dissolution under
101 Subsection (4), a political action committee shall file, with the lieutenant governor's office,
102 notice of any change of an officer described in Subsection (2).
103 (b) Notice of a change of a primary officer described in Subsection (2) shall:
104 (i) be filed within ten days of the date of the change; and
105 (ii) contain the name and title of the officer being replaced, and the name, street
106 address, occupation, and title of the new officer.
107 (6) (a) A person is guilty of providing false information in relation to a political action
108 committee if the person intentionally or knowingly gives false or misleading material
109 information in the statement of organization or the notice of change of primary officer.
110 (b) A violation of this Subsection (6) is a third degree felony.
111 Section 2. Section 20A-11-801 is amended to read:
112 20A-11-801. Political issues committees -- Registration -- Yearly statement of
113 organization -- Criminal penalty for providing false information.
114 (1) (a) Each political issues committee shall file a statement of organization with the
115 lieutenant governor's office by January 10 of each year, unless the political issues committee
116 has filed a notice of dissolution under Subsection (4).
117 (b) If a political issues committee is organized after the January 10 filing date, the
118 political issues committee shall file an initial statement of organization no later than seven days
119 after:
120 (i) receiving political issues contributions totaling at least $750; or
121 (ii) disbursing political issues expenditures totaling at least $50 [
122 (c) If January 10 fall on a weekend or holiday, the statement of organization shall be
123 filed by the following business day.
124 (2) Each political issues committee shall designate two officers that have primary
125 decision-making authority for the political issues committee.
126 [
127 (a) the name and street address of the political issues committee;
128 (b) the name, street address, phone number, occupation, and title of the two primary
129 officers designated under Subsection (2);
130 [
131 officers of the political issues committee;
132 [
133 association, unit of government, or union that the political issues committee represents, if any;
134 [
135 their relationships to the political issues committee;
136 [
137 the committee's treasurer or chief financial officer;
138 [
139 [
140 [
141 support or oppose it.
142 [
143 operations during a calendar year shall file a notice of dissolution with the lieutenant governor's
144 office.
145 (b) Any notice of dissolution filed by a political issues committee does not exempt that
146 political issues committee from complying with the financial reporting requirements of this
147 chapter.
148 (5) (a) Unless the political issues committee has filed a notice of dissolution under
149 Subsection (4), a political issues committee shall file, with the lieutenant governor's office,
150 notice of any change of an officer described in Subsection (2).
151 (b) Notice of a change of a primary officer described in Subsection (2) shall:
152 (i) be filed within ten days of the date of the change; and
153 (ii) contain the name and title of the officer being replaced, and the name, street
154 address, occupation, and title of the new officer.
155 (6) (a) A person is guilty of providing false information in relation to a political issues
156 committee if the person intentionally or knowingly gives false or misleading material
157 information in the statement of organization or the notice of change of primary officer.
158 (b) A violation of this Subsection (6) is a third degree felony.
159 Section 3. Section 36-11-102 is amended to read:
160 36-11-102. Definitions.
161 As used in this chapter:
162 (1) "Aggregate daily expenditures" means the total expenditures made within a 24-hour
163 period.
164 (2) "Executive action" means:
165 (a) nominations and appointments by the governor;
166 (b) the proposal, drafting, amendment, enactment, or defeat by a state agency of any
167 rule made in accordance with Title 63, Chapter 46a, Utah Administrative Rulemaking Act; and
168 (c) agency ratemaking proceedings.
169 (3) (a) "Expenditure" means any of the items listed in this subsection when given to or
170 for the benefit of a public official or his immediate family:
171 (i) a purchase, payment, distribution, loan, gift, advance, deposit, subscription,
172 forbearance, services, or goods, unless consideration of equal or greater value is received; and
173 (ii) a contract, promise, or agreement, whether or not legally enforceable, to provide
174 any of the items listed in Subsection (3)(a)(i).
175 (b) "Expenditure" does not mean:
176 (i) a commercially reasonable loan made in the ordinary course of business;
177 (ii) a campaign contribution reported in accordance with Title 20A, Chapter 11,
178 [
179 (iii) printed informational material;
180 (iv) a devise or inheritance;
181 (v) any item listed in Subsection (3)(a) if given by a relative;
182 (vi) a modest item of food or refreshment such as a beverage or pastry offered other
183 than as part of a meal;
184 (vii) [
185 presentation; or
186 (viii) plaques, commendations, or awards[
187 [
188
189 [
190
191 [
192 (4) "Gift expense threshold" means:
193 (a) for calendar year 2007, $100; and
194 (b) for each calendar year after 2007, the amount of the gift expense threshold for the
195 previous year, plus an amount calculated by multiplying the amount of the gift expense
196 threshold for the previous year by the actual percent change in the Consumer Price Index
197 during the previous calendar year.
198 [
199 (i) an individual elected to a position in state or local government, when acting within
200 his official capacity; or
201 (ii) an individual appointed to or employed in a [
202 government, when acting within the scope of his employment.
203 (b) "Government officer" does not mean the governor or a member of the legislative
204 branch of state government.
205 [
206 individual claimed as a dependent for tax purposes.
207 [
208 (10)(b)(ii) and [
209 [
210 (a) bills, resolutions, amendments, nominations, and other matters pending or proposed
211 in either house of the Legislature or its committees or requested by a legislator; and
212 (b) the action of the governor in approving or vetoing legislation.
213 [
214 influencing the passage, defeat, amendment, or postponement of legislative or executive action.
215 [
216 (i) an individual who is employed by a principal; or
217 (ii) an individual who contracts for economic consideration, other than reimbursement
218 for reasonable travel expenses, with a principal to lobby a public official.
219 (b) "Lobbyist" does not include:
220 [
221
222 (i) a member or employee of the legislative branch of government;
223 (ii) any person appearing at, or providing written comments to, a hearing conducted in
224 accordance with Title 63, Chapter 46a, Utah Administrative Rulemaking Act or Title 63,
225 Chapter 46b, Administrative Procedures Act;
226 (iii) any person participating on or appearing before an advisory or study task force,
227 commission, board, or committee, constituted by the Legislature or any agency or department
228 of state government, except legislative standing, appropriation, or interim committees;
229 (iv) a representative of a political party;
230 (v) an individual representing a bona fide church solely for the purpose of protecting
231 the right to practice the religious doctrines of the church unless the individual or church makes
232 an expenditure that confers a benefit on a public official;
233 (vi) a newspaper, television station or network, radio station or network, periodical of
234 general circulation, or book publisher for the purpose of publishing news items, editorials,
235 other comments, or paid advertisements that directly or indirectly urge legislative or executive
236 action; or
237 [
238
239
240 [
241 Legislature or an executive branch agency solely for the purpose of testifying in support of or
242 in opposition to legislative or executive action.
243 [
244 associations, and companies.
245 [
246 perform lobbying either as an employee or as an independent contractor.
247 [
248 (a) a member of the Legislature;
249 (b) an individual elected to a position in the executive branch; or
250 (c) an individual appointed to or employed in the executive or legislative branch if that
251 individual:
252 (i) occupies a policymaking position or makes purchasing or contracting decisions;
253 (ii) drafts legislation or makes rules;
254 (iii) determines rates or fees; or
255 (iv) makes adjudicative decisions.
256 (14) "Quarterly reporting period" means the three-month period covered by each
257 financial report required under Subsection 36-11-201 (2)(a)(i).
258 [
259 knowingly and intentionally assists a lobbyist, principal, or government officer in lobbying.
260 [
261 sister, parent-in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, nephew, niece, aunt, uncle, first cousin, or
262 spouse of any of these individuals.
263 Section 4. Section 36-11-103 is amended to read:
264 36-11-103. Licensing requirements.
265 (1) (a) Before engaging in any lobbying, a lobbyist shall obtain a license from the
266 lieutenant governor by completing the form required by this section.
267 (b) The lieutenant governor shall issue licenses to qualified lobbyists.
268 (c) The lieutenant governor shall prepare a Lobbyist License Application Form that
269 includes:
270 (i) a place for the lobbyist's name and business address;
271 (ii) a place for the name and business address of each principal for whom the lobbyist
272 works or is hired as an independent contractor;
273 (iii) a place for the name and address of the person who paid or will pay the lobbyist's
274 registration fee, if the fee is not paid by the lobbyist;
275 (iv) a place for the lobbyist to disclose any elected or appointed position that the
276 lobbyist holds in state or local government, if any;
277 (v) a place for the lobbyist to disclose the types of expenditures for which the lobbyist
278 will be reimbursed; and
279 (vi) a certification to be signed by the lobbyist that certifies that the information
280 provided in the form is true, accurate, and complete to the best of the lobbyist's knowledge and
281 belief.
282 (2) Each lobbyist who obtains a license under this section shall update the licensure
283 information when the lobbyist accepts employment for lobbying by a new client.
284 (3) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (4), the lieutenant governor shall grant a
285 lobbying license to an applicant who:
286 (i) files an application with the lieutenant governor that contains the information
287 required by this section; and
288 (ii) pays a $25 filing fee.
289 (b) A license entitles a person to serve as a lobbyist on behalf of one or more principals
290 and expires on December 31 of each even-numbered year.
291 (4) (a) The lieutenant governor may disapprove an application for a lobbying license:
292 (i) if the applicant has been convicted of violating Section 76-8-103 , 76-8-107 ,
293 76-8-108 , or 76-8-303 within five years before the date of the lobbying license application;
294 (ii) if the applicant has been convicted of violating Section 76-8-104 or 76-8-304
295 within one year before the date of the lobbying license application;
296 (iii) for the term of any suspension imposed under Section 36-11-401 ; or
297 (iv) if, within one year before the date of the lobbying license application, the applicant
298 has been found to have willingly and knowingly:
299 (A) violated Section 36-11-103 , 36-11-201 , 36-11-301 , 36-11-302 , 36-11-303 ,
300 36-11-304 , 36-11-305 , or 36-11-403 ; or
301 (B) filed a document required by this chapter that the lobbyist knew contained
302 materially false information or omitted material information.
303 (b) An applicant may appeal the disapproval in accordance with the procedures
304 established by the lieutenant governor under this chapter and Title 63, Chapter 46b,
305 Administrative Procedures Act.
306 (5) The lieutenant governor shall deposit license fees in the General Fund.
307 (6) A principal need not obtain a license under this section, but if the principal makes
308 expenditures to benefit a public official without using a lobbyist as an agent to confer those
309 benefits, the principal shall disclose those expenditures as required by Sections 36-11-201 .
310 (7) Government officers need not obtain a license under this section, but shall disclose
311 any expenditures made [
312
313 (8) Surrender, cancellation, or expiration of a lobbyist license does not absolve the
314 lobbyist of the duty to file the financial reports if the lobbyist is otherwise required to file the
315 reports by Section 36-11-201 .
316 Section 5. Section 36-11-201 is amended to read:
317 36-11-201. Lobbyist, principal, and government officer financial reporting
318 requirements -- Prohibition for related person to make expenditures -- Electronic
319 submission required.
320 (1) As used in this section, "public official type" means a notation to identify whether
321 the public official is:
322 (a) a member of the legislature;
323 (b) an individual elected to a position in the executive branch;
324 (c) an individual appointed to or employed in a position in the legislative branch who
325 meets the definition of public official in Section 36-11-102 ; or
326 (d) an individual appointed to or employed in a position in the executive branch who
327 meets the definition of public official in Section 36-11-102 .
328 (2) (a) (i) Each lobbyist[
329 the following quarterly reporting periods, and each government officer that makes an
330 expenditure in association with lobbying during any of the following quarterly reporting
331 periods, shall file [
332 [
333 (A) April 10, for the period of January 1 through March 31;
334 (B) July 10, for the period of April 1 through June 30;
335 (C) October 10, for the period of July 1 through September 30; and
336 (D) January 10, for the period of October 1 through December 31 of the previous year.
337 (ii) If the due date for a financial report falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday,
338 the report shall be considered to be due on the next succeeding business day [
339
340 (iii) The report shall be considered timely filed if postmarked on its due date.
341 [
342 members of their immediate families as provided in this section.
343 [
344 financial report whether or not the lobbyist has made [
345
346 period.
347 (B) If the lobbyist has made no expenditures during the quarterly reporting period, the
348 lobbyist shall file a quarterly financial report listing the amount of expenditures as "none."
349 (C) The report shall be filed in accordance with the dates specified under Subsections
350 (2)(a)(i) and (ii).
351 (b) The [
352 (i) (A) the total amount of expenditures made to benefit public officials during the last
353 [
354 (B) the total amount of expenditures made to benefit public officials by public official
355 type during the last [
356 (ii) (A) the total travel expenditures that the lobbyist, principal, or government officer
357 made to benefit public officials and their immediate families during the [
358 quarterly reporting period; and
359 (B) the total travel expenditures that the lobbyist, principal, or government officer
360 made to benefit public officials and their immediate families, by public official type, during the
361 last [
362 (C) a travel expenditure statement that:
363 (I) describes the destination of each trip and its purpose;
364 (II) identifies the total amount of expenditures made to benefit each public official and
365 members of the public official's immediate family for each trip;
366 (III) names all individuals that took each trip;
367 (IV) identifies the public official type to which each public official belongs;
368 (V) provides the name and address of the organization that sponsored each trip; and
369 (VI) identifies specific expenditures for food, lodging, gifts, and sidetrips;
370 (iii) for aggregate daily expenditures made to benefit public officials or members of
371 their immediate families that are not reportable under Subsection (2)(b)(ii):
372 (A) when the amount does not exceed [
373 each person:
374 (I) the date of the expenditure;
375 (II) the purpose of the expenditure;
376 (III) the public official type to which each public official belongs; and
377 (IV) the total monetary worth of the benefit conferred on the public officials or
378 members of their immediate families;
379 (B) when the amount exceeds [
380 person:
381 (I) the date, location, and purpose of the event, activity, or expenditure;
382 (II) the name of the public official or member of the public official's immediate family
383 who attended the event or activity or received the benefit of the expenditure;
384 (III) the public official type to which each public official belongs; and
385 (IV) the total monetary worth of the benefit conferred on the public official or member
386 of the public official's immediate family;
387 (iv) a list of each public official who was employed by the lobbyist, principal, or
388 government officer or who performed work as an independent contractor for the lobbyist,
389 principal, or government officer during the last year that details the nature of the employment
390 or contract;
391 (v) each bill or resolution by number and short title on behalf of which the lobbyist,
392 principal, or government officer made an expenditure to a public official for which a report is
393 required by this section, if any;
394 (vi) a description of each executive action on behalf of which the lobbyist, principal, or
395 government officer made an expenditure to a public official for which a report is required by
396 this section, if any; and
397 (vii) the general purposes, interests, and nature of the organization or organizations that
398 the lobbyist, principal, or government officer filing the report represents.
399 (c) In reporting expenditures under this section for events to which all legislators are
400 invited, each lobbyist, principal, and government officer:
401 (i) may not divide the cost of the event by the number of legislators who actually attend
402 the event and report that cost as an expenditure made to those legislators;
403 (ii) shall divide the total cost by the total number of Utah legislators and others invited
404 to the event and report that quotient as the amount expended for each legislator who actually
405 attended the event; and
406 (iii) may not report any expenditure as made to a legislator who did not attend the
407 event.
408 (3) (a) As used in this Subsection (3):
409 (i) "Lobbyist group" means two or more lobbyists, principals, government officers,
410 [
411 a portion of an expenditure made to benefit a public official or member of his immediate
412 family.
413 (ii) "Multiclient lobbyist" means a single lobbyist, principal, or government officer
414 who represents two or more clients and divides the aggregate daily expenditure made to benefit
415 a public official or member of his immediate family between two or more of those clients.
416 (b) When a lobbyist group combines to make aggregate daily expenditures to benefit
417 public officials or members of their immediate families, and the total aggregate daily
418 expenditure of the lobbyist group exceeds [
419 person, each member of the lobbyist group shall disclose on the reports required by this
420 section:
421 (i) the date, location, and purpose of the event, activity, or expenditure;
422 (ii) the name of the public official or member of the public official's immediate family
423 who attended the event or activity or received the benefit of the expenditure;
424 (iii) the public official type to which each public official belongs;
425 (iv) the total monetary worth of the benefit conferred on the public official or member
426 of the public official's immediate family by the lobbyist group [
427 (v) the total monetary worth of the benefit conferred upon the public official or
428 member of the public official's immediate family by the lobbyist, principal, or government
429 officer filing the financial report;
430 [
431 lobbyist, principal, or government officer made an expenditure to a public official for which a
432 report is required by this section, if any;
433 [
434 principal, or government officer made an expenditure to a public official for which a report is
435 required by this section, if any; and
436 [
437 organizations that the lobbyist, principal, or government officer filing the report represents.
438 (c) When a multiclient lobbyist makes aggregate daily expenditures to benefit public
439 officials or members of their immediate families, and the sum of the total aggregate daily
440 expenditure for all of the lobbyist's clients exceeds [
441 official or family member, the multiclient lobbyist shall, for each client, disclose on the reports
442 required by this section:
443 (i) the date, location, and purpose of the event, activity, or expenditure;
444 (ii) the name of the public official or member of the public official's immediate family
445 who attended the event or activity or received the benefit of the expenditure;
446 (iii) the public official type to which each public official belongs;
447 (iv) the total monetary worth of the benefit conferred on the public official or member
448 of the public official's immediate family by all clients [
449 (v) the total monetary worth of the benefit conferred on the public official or member
450 of the public official's immediate family by the client upon whose behalf the report is filed;
451 [
452 lobbyist, principal, or government officer made an expenditure to a public official for which a
453 report is required by this section, if any;
454 [
455 principal, or government officer made an expenditure to a public official for which a report is
456 required by this section, if any; and
457 [
458 organizations that the lobbyist, principal, or government officer filing the report represents.
459 (4) A related person may not, while assisting a lobbyist, principal, or government
460 officer in lobbying, make an expenditure that benefits a public official or member of the public
461 official's immediate family under circumstances which would otherwise fall within the
462 disclosure requirements of this chapter if the expenditure was made by the lobbyist, principal,
463 or government officer.
464 [
465
466
467
468 [
469 [
470 [
471 [
472
473
474 [
475 [
476
477
478 [
479
480 [
481 that the information provided in the report is true, accurate, and complete to the lobbyist's best
482 knowledge and belief.
483 [
484 (a) develop preprinted suggested forms for all statements required by this section; and
485 (b) make copies of the forms available to each person who requests them.
486 [
487 reports required by this section [
488
489 the lobbyist or principal files a statement with the lieutenant governor that:
490 (i) states that the lobbyist or principal is ceasing lobbying activities;
491 (ii) in the case of a lobbyist, states that the lobbyist is surrendering the lobbyist's
492 license;
493 (iii) contains a listing, as required under Section 36-11-201 , of all previously
494 unreported expenditures that have been made through the date of the statement; and
495 (iv) states that the lobbyist or principal will not make any additional expense that is not
496 disclosed on the statement unless the lobbyist complies with the disclosure and licensing
497 requirements of this chapter.
498 (b) A lobbyist that fails to renew[
499 licensed[
500 required by Subsection (7)(a).
501 (8) All reports that are required under this section shall be submitted electronically.
502 (9) The chief election officer shall:
503 (a) calculate the gift expense threshold defined under Section 36-11-102 on an annual
504 basis; and
505 (b) provide public notice of the gift expense threshold.
506 Section 6. Section 36-11-306 is enacted to read:
507 36-11-306. Conflicts of interest.
508 (1) As used in this section, "conflict of interest" means a circumstance where:
509 (a) the representation of one principal or client will be directly adverse to another
510 principal or client; or
511 (b) there is a significant risk that the representation of one or more principals or clients
512 will be materially limited by the lobbyist's responsibilities to:
513 (i) another principal or client;
514 (ii) a former principal or client;
515 (iii) a third person; or
516 (iv) a personal interest of the lobbyist.
517 (2) Except as provided in Subsection (3), a lobbyist may not represent a principal or
518 client if the representation involves a conflict of interest.
519 (3) Notwithstanding the existence of a conflict of interest, a lobbyist may represent a
520 principal or client if:
521 (a) the lobbyist reasonably believes that the lobbyist will be able to provide competent
522 and diligent representation to each principal or client;
523 (b) the representation is not otherwise prohibited by law;
524 (c) the representation does not require the lobbyist to assert a position on behalf of one
525 principal or client that is opposed to the position of another principal or client represented by
526 the lobbyist involving the same legislative issue; and
527 (d) the lobbyist notifies the affected principal or client of the potential conflict and each
528 affected principal or client gives informed consent to the conflict of interest in writing.
529 Section 7. Effective date.
530 This bill takes effect on January 15, 2007.
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