S.B. 93 Enrolled

1

LICENSED DIRECT ENTRY MIDWIFE
2 AMENDMENTS
3 2008 GENERAL SESSION
4 STATE OF UTAH
5 Chief Sponsor: Margaret Dayton
6 House Sponsor: Bradley G. Last
7
8 LONG TITLE
9 General Description:
10 This bill amends the Direct-entry Midwife Act.
11 Highlighted Provisions:
12 This bill:
13 . defines low risk birth;
14 . amends the definition of the practice of Direct-entry midwifery;
15 . requires administrative rulemaking for standards of practice related to mandatory
16 consultation and mandatory transfer of a client;
17 . creates an advisory committee for the administrative rules related to licensed
18 Direct-entry midwives;
19 . amends standards of practice for licensed Direct-entry midwives; and
20 . repeals the administrative rules advisory committee in two years.
21 Monies Appropriated in this Bill:
22 None
23 Other Special Clauses:
24 None
25 Utah Code Sections Affected:
26 AMENDS:
27 58-77-102, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2005, Chapter 299
28 58-77-201, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2005, Chapter 299
29 58-77-601, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2005, Chapter 299

30 63-55b-158, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2006, Chapters 46 and 291
31 ENACTS:
32 58-77-204, Utah Code Annotated 1953
33
34 Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
35 Section 1. Section 58-77-102 is amended to read:
36 58-77-102. Definitions.
37 In addition to the definitions in Section 58-1-102 , as used in this chapter:
38 (1) "Board" means the Licensed Direct-entry Midwife Board created in Section
39 58-77-201 .
40 (2) "Certified nurse-midwife" means a person licensed under Title 58, Chapter 44a,
41 Nurse Midwife Practice Act.
42 (3) "Client" means a woman under the care of a Direct-entry midwife and her fetus or
43 newborn.
44 (4) "Direct-entry midwife" means an individual who is engaging in the practice of
45 Direct-entry midwifery.
46 (5) "Licensed Direct-entry midwife" means a person licensed under this chapter.
47 (6) "Low risk" means a labor and delivery and postpartum, newborn and
48 interconceptual care that does not include a condition that requires a mandatory transfer under
49 administrative rules adopted by the division.
50 [(6)] (7) "Physician" means an individual licensed as a physician and surgeon,
51 osteopathic physician, or naturopathic physician.
52 [(7)] (8) "Practice of Direct-entry midwifery" means practice of providing the necessary
53 supervision, care, and advice to a client during essentially normal pregnancy, labor, delivery,
54 postpartum, and newborn periods that is consistent with national professional midwifery
55 standards and that is based upon the acquisition of clinical skills necessary for the care of
56 pregnant women and newborns, including antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum, newborn, and
57 limited interconceptual care and includes:

58 (a) obtaining an informed consent to provide services;
59 (b) obtaining a health history, including a physical examination;
60 (c) developing a plan of care for a client;
61 (d) evaluating the results of client care;
62 (e) consulting and collaborating with and referring and transferring care to licensed
63 health care professionals, as is appropriate, regarding the care of a client;
64 (f) obtaining medications, as specified in this Subsection [(7)] (8)(f) , to administer to
65 clients, including:
66 (i) prescription vitamins;
67 (ii) Rho D immunoglobulin;
68 (iii) sterile water;
69 (iv) one dose of intramuscular oxytocin after the delivery of the placenta to minimize
70 blood loss;
71 [(v) one dose of intramuscular oxytocin if a hemorrhage occurs, in which case the
72 licensed Direct-entry midwife must either consult immediately with a physician licensed under
73 Title 58, Chapter 67, Utah Medical Practice Act, or Title 58, Chapter 68, Utah Osteopathic
74 Medical Practice Act, and initiate transfer, if requested , or if the client's condition does not
75 immediately improve, initiate transfer and notify the local hospital;]
76 (v) an additional single dose of oxytocin if a hemorrhage occurs, in which case the
77 licensed Direct-entry midwife must initiate transfer if the client's condition does not immediately
78 improve;
79 (vi) oxygen;
80 (vii) local anesthetics without epinephrine used in accordance with Subsection [(7)]
81 (8)(l);
82 (viii) vitamin K to prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn;
83 (ix) eye prophylaxis to prevent opthalmia neonatorum as required by law; and
84 (x) any other medication approved by a licensed health care provider with authority to
85 prescribe that medication;

86 (g) obtaining food, food extracts, dietary supplements, as defined by the Federal Food,
87 Drug, and Cosmetic Act, homeopathic remedies, plant substances that are not designated as
88 prescription drugs or controlled substances, and over-the-counter medications to administer to
89 clients;
90 (h) obtaining and using appropriate equipment and devices such as Doppler, blood
91 pressure cuff, phlebotomy supplies, instruments, and sutures;
92 (i) obtaining appropriate screening and testing, including laboratory tests, urinalysis, and
93 ultrasound;
94 (j) managing the antepartum period;
95 (k) managing the intrapartum period including:
96 (i) monitoring and evaluating the condition of mother and fetus;
97 (ii) performing emergency episiotomy; and
98 (iii) delivering in any out-of-hospital setting;
99 (l) managing the postpartum period including suturing of episiotomy or first and second
100 degree natural perineal and labial lacerations, including the administration of a local anesthetic;
101 (m) managing the newborn period including:
102 (i) providing care for the newborn, including performing a normal newborn
103 examination; and
104 (ii) resuscitating a newborn;
105 (n) providing limited interconceptual services in order to provide continuity of care
106 including:
107 (i) breastfeeding support and counseling;
108 (ii) family planning, limited to natural family planning, cervical caps, and diaphragms;
109 and
110 (iii) pap smears, where all clients with abnormal results are to be referred to an
111 appropriate licensed health care provider; and
112 (o) executing the orders of a licensed health care professional, only within the
113 education, knowledge, and skill of the Direct-entry midwife.

114 [(8)] (9) "Unlawful conduct" is as defined in Sections 58-1-501 and 58-77-501 .
115 [(9)] (10) "Unprofessional conduct" is as defined in Sections 58-1-501 and 58-77-502
116 and as may be further defined by rule.
117 Section 2. Section 58-77-201 is amended to read:
118 58-77-201. Board.
119 (1) There is created the Licensed Direct-entry Midwife Board consisting of:
120 (a) four licensed Direct-entry midwives; and
121 (b) one member of the general public.
122 (2) The board shall be appointed and serve in accordance with Section 58-1-201 .
123 (3) (a) The duties and responsibilities of the board shall be in accordance with Sections
124 58-1-202 and 58-1-203 .
125 (b) The board shall designate one of its members on a permanent or rotating basis to:
126 (i) assist the division in reviewing complaints concerning the unlawful or unprofessional
127 conduct of a licensed Direct-entry midwife; and
128 (ii) advise the division in its investigation of these complaints.
129 (c) (i) For the years 2006 through 2011, the board shall present an annual report to the
130 Legislature's Health and Human Services Interim Committee describing the outcome data of
131 licensed Direct-entry midwives practicing in Utah.
132 (ii) The board shall base its report on data provided in large part from the Midwives'
133 Alliance of North America.
134 (4) A board member who has, under Subsection (3), reviewed a complaint or advised in
135 its investigation may be disqualified from participating with the board when the board serves as
136 a presiding officer in an adjudicative proceeding concerning the complaint.
137 (5) Qualified faculty, board members, and other staff of Direct-entry midwifery learning
138 institutions may serve as one or more of the licensed Directed-entry midwives on the board.
139 Section 3. Section 58-77-204 is enacted to read:
140 58-77-204. Administrative rules advisory committee.
141 (1) The division shall:

142 (a) convene an advisory committee to assist the division with developing administrative
143 rules under Section 58-77-601 ; and
144 (b) provide notice of any meetings convened under Subsection (1)(a) to the members of
145 the advisory committee at least one week prior to the meeting, if possible.
146 (2) The advisory committee shall include:
147 (a) two physicians:
148 (i) licensed under Chapter 67, Utah Medical Practices Act, or Chapter 68, Utah
149 Osteopathic Medical Practice Act; and
150 (ii) selected by the Utah Medical Association;
151 (b) one licensed certified nurse midwife recommended by the Utah Chapter of the
152 American College of Nurse Midwives; and
153 (c) three licensed Direct-entry midwives, selected by the board.
154 (3) (a) The division shall submit the following to the advisory committee:
155 (i) administrative rules adopted by the division prior to March 1, 2008 under the
156 provisions of Section 58-77-601 ; and
157 (ii) any administrative rule proposed by the division after March 1, 2008 under the
158 provisions of Section 58-77-601 .
159 (b) If the division does not incorporate a recommendation of the advisory committee
160 into an administrative rule, the division shall provide a written report to the Legislative
161 Administrative Rules Review Committee which explains why the division did not adopt a
162 recommendation of the advisory committee.
163 (4) The division shall adopt administrative rules regarding conditions that require:
164 (a) mandatory consultation with a physician licensed under Chapter 67, Utah Medical
165 Practice Act, or Chapter 68, Utah Osteopathic Medical Practice Act, upon:
166 (i) miscarriage after 14 weeks;
167 (ii) failure to deliver by 42 completed weeks of gestation;
168 (iii) a baby in the breech position after 36 weeks gestation;
169 (iv) any sign or symptom of:

170 (A) placenta previa; or
171 (B) deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolus; or
172 (v) any other condition or symptom that may place the health of the pregnant woman or
173 unborn child at unreasonable risk as determined by the division by rule;
174 (b) mandatory transfer of patient care before the onset of labor to a physician licensed
175 under Chapter 67, Utah Medical Practice Act, or Chapter 68, Utah Osteopathic Medical
176 Practice Act, upon evidence of:
177 (i) placenta previa after 27 weeks;
178 (ii) diagnosed deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism;
179 (iii) multiple gestation;
180 (iv) no onset of labor after 43 completed weeks of gestation;
181 (v) more than two prior c-sections, unless restricted by the division by rule;
182 (vi) prior c-section with a known classical or inverted-T or J incision;
183 (vii) prior c-section without an ultrasound that rules out placental implantation over the
184 uterine scar;
185 (viii) prior c-section without a signed informed consent document detailing the risks of
186 vaginal birth after caesarean;
187 (ix) prior c-section with a gestation greater than 42 weeks;
188 (x) Rh isoimmunization with an antibody titre of greater than 1:8 in a mother carrying
189 an Rh positive baby or a baby of unknown Rh type;
190 (xi) any other condition that could place the life or long-term health of the pregnant
191 woman or unborn child at risk;
192 (c) mandatory transfer of care during labor and an immediate transfer in the manner
193 specifically set forth in Subsections 58-77-601 (4)(a), (b), or (c) upon evidence of:
194 (i) undiagnosed multiple gestation, unless delivery is imminent;
195 (ii) prior c-section with cervical dilation progress in the current labor of less than 1 cm
196 in three hours once labor is active;
197 (iii) fetus in breech presentation during labor unless delivery is imminent;

198 (iv) inappropriate fetal presentation as determined by the licensed Direct-entry midwife;
199 (v) non-reassuring fetal heart pattern indicative of fetal distress that does not
200 immediately respond to treatment by the Direct-entry midwife unless delivery is imminent;
201 (vi) moderate thick, or particulate meconium in the amniotic fluid unless delivery is
202 imminent;
203 (vii) failure to deliver after three hours of pushing unless delivery is imminent; or
204 (viii) any other condition that could place the life or long-term health of the pregnant
205 woman or unborn child at significant risk if not acted upon immediately; and
206 (d) mandatory transfer of care after delivery and immediate transfer of the mother or
207 infant in the manner specifically set forth in Subsections 58-77-601 (4)(a), (b), or (c) upon
208 evidence of any condition that could place the life or long-term health of the mother or infant at
209 significant risk if not acted upon immediately.
210 (5) Members appointed to the advisory committee created in this section may also serve
211 on the Licensed Direct-entry Midwife Board established under this chapter.
212 (6) The director shall make appointments to the committee by July 1, 2008.
213 (7) The director of the division shall appoint one of the three licensed Direct-entry
214 midwives and one of the non-Direct-entry midwife members to serve as co-chairs of the
215 committee.
216 (8) A committee member shall serve without compensation and may not receive travel
217 costs or per diem for the member's service on the committee.
218 (9) (a) The committee shall recommend rules under Subsection (1) based on convincing
219 evidence presented to the committee, and shall strive to maintain medical self-determination.
220 (b) A majority of members constitute a quorum.
221 (10) This section is repealed on July 1, 2011.
222 Section 4. Section 58-77-601 is amended to read:
223 58-77-601. Standards of practice.
224 (1) (a) Prior to providing any services, a licensed Direct-entry midwife must obtain an
225 informed consent from a client.

226 (b) The consent must include:
227 (i) the name and license number of the Direct-entry midwife;
228 (ii) the client's name, address, telephone number, and primary care provider, if the client
229 has one;
230 (iii) the fact, if true, that the licensed Direct-entry midwife is not a certified nurse
231 midwife or a physician;
232 [(iv) all sections required by the North American Registry of Midwives in its informed
233 consent guidelines, including:]
234 [(A)] (iv) a description of the licensed Direct-entry midwife's education, training,
235 continuing education, and experience in midwifery;
236 [(B)] (v) a description of the licensed Direct-entry midwife's peer review process;
237 [(C)] (vi) the licensed Direct-entry midwife's philosophy of practice;
238 [(D)] (vii) a promise to provide the client, upon request, separate documents describing
239 the rules governing licensed Direct-entry midwifery practice, including a list of conditions
240 indicating the need for consultation, collaboration, referral, transfer or mandatory transfer, and
241 the licensed Direct-entry midwife's personal written practice guidelines;
242 [(E)] (viii) a medical back-up or transfer plan;
243 [(F)] (ix) a description of the services provided to the client by the licensed Direct-entry
244 midwife;
245 [(G)] (x) the licensed Direct-entry midwife's current legal status;
246 [(H)] (xi) the availability of a grievance process; [and]
247 [(I)] (xii) client and licensed Direct-entry midwife signatures and the date of signing;
248 and
249 [(v)] (xiii) whether the licensed Direct-entry midwife is covered by a professional
250 liability insurance policy.
251 (2) A licensed Direct-entry midwife shall:
252 (a) (i) limit the licensed Direct-entry midwife's practice to a normal pregnancy, labor,
253 postpartum, newborn and interconceptual care, which for purposes of this section means a

254 normal labor:
255 (A) that is not pharmacologically induced;
256 (B) that is low risk at the start of labor;
257 (C) that remains low risk through out the course of labor and delivery;
258 (D) in which the infant is born spontaneously in the vertex position between 37 and 43
259 completed weeks of pregnancy; and
260 (E) except as provided in Subsection (2)(a)(ii), in which after delivery, the mother and
261 infant remain low risk; and
262 (ii) the limitation of Subsection (2)(a)(i) does not prohibit a licensed Direct-entry
263 midwife from delivering an infant when there is:
264 (A) intrauterine fetal demise; or
265 (B) a fetal anomaly incompatible with life; and
266 (b) appropriately recommend and facilitate consultation with, collaboration with,
267 referral to, or transfer or mandatory transfer of care to a licensed health care professional when
268 the circumstances require that action in accordance with this section and standards established
269 by division rule.
270 (3) If after a client has been informed that she has or may have a condition indicating
271 the need for medical consultation, collaboration, referral, or transfer and the client chooses to
272 decline, then the licensed Direct-entry midwife shall:
273 (a) terminate care in accordance with procedures established by division rule; or
274 (b) continue to provide care for the client if the client signs a waiver of medical
275 consultation, collaboration, referral, or transfer.
276 (4) If after a client has been informed that she has or may have a condition indicating
277 the need for mandatory transfer, the licensed Direct-entry midwife shall, in accordance with
278 procedures established by division rule, terminate the care or initiate transfer by:
279 (a) calling 911 and reporting the need for immediate transfer;
280 (b) immediately transporting the client by private vehicle to the receiving provider; or
281 (c) contacting the physician to whom the client will be transferred and following that

282 physician's orders.
283 (5) The standards for consultation and transfer under Subsection 58-77-204 (4) are the
284 minimum standards that a licensed Direct-entry midwife must follow. A licensed Direct-entry
285 midwife shall initiate consultation, collaboration, referral, or transfer of a patient sooner than
286 required by Subsection 58-77-204 (4) or administrative rule if in the opinion and experience of
287 the licensed Direct-entry midwife, the condition of the client or infant warrant a consultation,
288 collaboration, referral, or transfer.
289 [(5)] (6) For the period from 2006 through 2011, a licensed Direct-entry midwife must
290 submit outcome data to the Midwives' Alliance of North America's Division of Research on the
291 form and in the manner prescribed by rule.
292 [(6)] (7) This chapter does not mandate health insurance coverage for midwifery
293 services.
294 Section 5. Section 63-55b-158 is amended to read:
295 63-55b-158. Repeal dates -- Title 58.
296 (1) Section 58-31b-301.6 , Medication Aide Certified Pilot Program, is repealed May
297 15, 2010.
298 (2) Section 58-77-204 is repealed July 1, 2011.