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H.B. 284

             1     

GUARDIANSHIP AMENDMENTS

             2     
2011 GENERAL SESSION

             3     
STATE OF UTAH

             4     
Chief Sponsor: Kraig Powell

             5     
Senate Sponsor: ____________

             6     
             7      LONG TITLE
             8      General Description:
             9          This bill creates the Utah Protective Proceedings Act within the Probate Code.
             10      Highlighted Provisions:
             11          This bill:
             12          .    defines terms;
             13          .    creates a method within the courts for the appointment of a guardian or conservator
             14      for a minor or an incapacitated adult;
             15          .    eliminates a local school board's ability to designate guardians for students within
             16      its district;
             17          .    eliminates expedited guardianship proceedings for residents of the Utah State
             18      Developmental Center; and
             19          .    makes technical corrections.
             20      Money Appropriated in this Bill:
             21          None
             22      Other Special Clauses:
             23          This bill takes effect January 1, 2012.
             24      Utah Code Sections Affected:
             25      AMENDS:
             26          53A-2-202, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1998, Chapter 263
             27          53A-2-203.5, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1998, Chapter 124


             28          75-1-201, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2010, Chapter 93
             29          75-5-501, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2003, Chapter 241
             30          75-5b-102, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 253
             31          75-5b-302, as enacted by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 253
             32          78B-5-804, as renumbered and amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 3
             33      ENACTS:
             34          75-5c-101, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             35          75-5c-102, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             36          75-5c-103, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             37          75-5c-104, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             38          75-5c-105, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             39          75-5c-106, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             40          75-5c-107, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             41          75-5c-108, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             42          75-5c-109, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             43          75-5c-110, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             44          75-5c-111, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             45          75-5c-112, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             46          75-5c-113, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             47          75-5c-114, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             48          75-5c-115, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             49          75-5c-116, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             50          75-5c-117, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             51          75-5c-118, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             52          75-5c-119, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             53          75-5c-120, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             54          75-5c-121, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             55          75-5c-122, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             56          75-5c-123, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             57          75-5c-124, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             58          75-5c-201, Utah Code Annotated 1953


             59          75-5c-202, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             60          75-5c-203, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             61          75-5c-204, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             62          75-5c-301, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             63          75-5c-302, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             64          75-5c-303, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             65          75-5c-304, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             66          75-5c-305, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             67          75-5c-306, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             68          75-5c-307, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             69          75-5c-308, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             70          75-5c-401, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             71          75-5c-402, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             72          75-5c-403, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             73          75-5c-404, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             74          75-5c-405, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             75          75-5c-406, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             76          75-5c-407, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             77          75-5c-408, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             78          75-5c-409, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             79          75-5c-410, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             80          75-5c-411, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             81          75-5c-412, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             82          75-5c-413, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             83          75-5c-414, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             84          75-5c-415, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             85          75-5c-416, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             86          75-5c-417, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             87          75-5c-418, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             88          75-5c-419, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             89          75-5c-420, Utah Code Annotated 1953


             90          75-5c-421, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             91      RENUMBERS AND AMENDS:
             92          75-5c-309, (Renumbered from 75-5-314, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter
             93      150)
             94          75-5c-310, (Renumbered from 75-5-315, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter
             95      150)
             96      REPEALS:
             97          75-5-101, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             98          75-5-102, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2004, Chapter 198
             99          75-5-103, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             100          75-5-104, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             101          75-5-105, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             102          75-5-201, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1998, Chapter 124
             103          75-5-202, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1985, Chapter 41
             104          75-5-202.5, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1985, Chapter 41
             105          75-5-203, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1985, Chapter 41
             106          75-5-204, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1985, Chapter 41
             107          75-5-205, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             108          75-5-206, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2010, Chapter 392
             109          75-5-207, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1995, Chapter 156
             110          75-5-208, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1985, Chapter 41
             111          75-5-209, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 3
             112          75-5-210, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             113          75-5-211, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1985, Chapter 41
             114          75-5-212, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             115          75-5-301, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1985, Chapter 41
             116          75-5-302, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             117          75-5-303, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1988, Chapter 104
             118          75-5-304, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1988, Chapter 104
             119          75-5-305, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1977, Chapter 194
             120          75-5-306, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1977, Chapter 194


             121          75-5-307, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1988, Chapter 104
             122          75-5-308, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             123          75-5-309, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1988, Chapter 104
             124          75-5-310, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1979, Chapter 244
             125          75-5-311, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1998, Chapter 288
             126          75-5-312, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1992, Chapter 290
             127          75-5-313, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1985, Chapter 41
             128          75-5-316, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2001, Chapter 73
             129          75-5-401, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2001, Chapter 375
             130          75-5-402, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1992, Chapter 30
             131          75-5-403, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1992, Chapter 30
             132          75-5-404, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             133          75-5-405, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             134          75-5-406, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             135          75-5-407, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             136          75-5-408, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             137          75-5-409, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1977, Chapter 194
             138          75-5-410, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2010, Chapter 324
             139          75-5-411, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1977, Chapter 194
             140          75-5-412, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             141          75-5-413, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             142          75-5-414, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             143          75-5-415, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             144          75-5-416, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             145          75-5-417, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2004, Chapter 89
             146          75-5-418, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             147          75-5-419, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             148          75-5-420, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1977, Chapter 194
             149          75-5-421, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             150          75-5-422, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             151          75-5-423, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150


             152          75-5-424, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1977, Chapter 194
             153          75-5-425, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1977, Chapter 194
             154          75-5-426, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             155          75-5-427, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1977, Chapter 194
             156          75-5-428, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2007, Chapter 306
             157          75-5-429, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             158          75-5-430, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             159          75-5-431, as enacted by Laws of Utah 1975, Chapter 150
             160          75-5-432, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1977, Chapter 194
             161          75-5-433, as last amended by Laws of Utah 1977, Chapter 194
             162     
             163      Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
             164          Section 1. Section 53A-2-202 is amended to read:
             165           53A-2-202. Guardianship for residency purposes by responsible adult --
             166      Procedure to obtain -- Termination.
             167          (1) For purposes of this part, "responsible adult" means a person 21 years of age or
             168      older who is a resident of this state and is willing and able to provide reasonably adequate food,
             169      clothing, shelter, and supervision for a minor child.
             170          (2) A local board of education may adopt a policy permitting it to designate a
             171      responsible adult residing in the school district as legal guardian of a child whose custodial
             172      parent or legal guardian does not reside within the state upon compliance with the following
             173      requirements:
             174          (a) submission to the school district of a signed and notarized affidavit by the child's
             175      custodial parent or legal guardian stating that:
             176          (i) the child's presence in the district is not for the primary purpose of attending the
             177      public schools;
             178          (ii) the child's physical, mental, moral, or emotional health would best be served by a
             179      transfer of guardianship to the Utah resident;
             180          (iii) the affiant is aware that designation of a guardian under this section is equivalent
             181      to a court-ordered guardianship under [Section 75-5-206 ] Title 75, Chapter 5c, Utah Protective
             182      Proceedings Act, and will suspend or terminate any existing parental or guardianship rights in


             183      the same manner as would occur under a court-ordered guardianship;
             184          (iv) the affiant consents and submits to any such suspension or termination of parental
             185      or guardianship rights;
             186          (v) the affiant consents and submits to the jurisdiction of the state district court in
             187      which the school district is located in any action relating to the guardianship or custody of the
             188      child in question;
             189          (vi) the affiant designates a named responsible adult as agent, authorized to accept
             190      service on behalf of the affiant of any process, notice, or demand required or permitted to be
             191      served in connection with any action under Subsection (2)(a)(v); and
             192          (vii) it is the affiant's intent that the child become a permanent resident of the state and
             193      reside with and be under the supervision of the named responsible adult;
             194          (b) submission to the school district of a signed and notarized affidavit by the
             195      responsible adult stating that:
             196          (i) the affiant is a resident of the school district and desires to become the guardian of
             197      the child;
             198          (ii) the affiant consents and submits to the jurisdiction of the state district court in
             199      which the school district is located in any action relating to the guardianship or custody of the
             200      child in question;
             201          (iii) the affiant will accept the responsibilities of guardianship for the duration,
             202      including the responsibility to provide adequate supervision, discipline, food, shelter,
             203      educational and emotional support, and medical care for the child if designated as the child's
             204      guardian; and
             205          (iv) the affiant accepts the designation as agent under Subsection (2)(a)(vi);
             206          (c) submission to the school district of a signed and notarized affidavit by the child
             207      stating that:
             208          (i) the child desires to become a permanent resident of Utah and reside with and be
             209      responsible to the named responsible adult; and
             210          (ii) the child will abide by all applicable rules of any public school which the child may
             211      attend after guardianship is awarded; and
             212          (d) if the child's custodial parent or legal guardian cannot be found in order to execute
             213      the statement required under Subsection (2)(a), the responsible adult must submit an affidavit


             214      to that effect to the district. The district shall also submit a copy of the statement to the
             215      Criminal Investigations and Technical Services Division of the Department of Public Safety,
             216      established in Section 53-10-103 .
             217          (3) The district may require the responsible adult, in addition to the documents set forth
             218      in Subsection (2), to also submit any other documents which are relevant to the appointment of
             219      a guardian of a minor or which the district reasonably believes to be necessary in connection
             220      with a given application to substantiate any claim or assertion made in connection with the
             221      application for guardianship.
             222          (4) Upon receipt of the information and documentation required under Subsections (2)
             223      and (3), and a determination by the board that the information is accurate, that the requirements
             224      of this section have been met, and that the interests of the child would best be served by
             225      granting the requested guardianship, the school board or its authorized representative may
             226      designate the applicant as guardian of the child by issuing a designation of guardianship letter
             227      to the applicant.
             228          (5) (a) If a local school board has adopted a policy permitting the board to designate a
             229      guardian under this section, a denial of an application for appointment of a guardian may be
             230      appealed to the district court in which the school district is located.
             231          (b) The court shall uphold the decision of the board unless it finds, by clear and
             232      convincing evidence, that the board's decision was arbitrary and capricious.
             233          (c) An applicant may, rather than appealing the board's decision under Subsection
             234      (5)(b), file an original Petition for Appointment of Guardian with the district court, which
             235      action shall proceed as if no decision had been made by the school board.
             236          (6) A responsible adult obtaining guardianship under this section has the same rights,
             237      authority, and responsibilities as a guardian appointed under [Section 75-5-201 ] Title 75,
             238      Chapter 5c, Utah Protective Proceedings Act.
             239          (7) (a) The school district shall deliver the original documents filed with the school
             240      district, together with a copy of the designation of guardianship issued by the district, in person
             241      or by any form of mail requiring a signed receipt, to the clerk of the state district court in which
             242      the school district is located.
             243          (b) The court may not charge the school district a fee for filing guardianship papers
             244      under this section.


             245          (8) (a) The authority and responsibility of a custodial parent or legal guardian
             246      submitting an affidavit under this section may be restored by the district, and the guardianship
             247      obtained under this section terminated by the district:
             248          (i) upon submission to the school district in which the guardianship was obtained of a
             249      signed and notarized statement by the person who consented to guardianship under Subsection
             250      (2)(a) requesting termination of the guardianship; or
             251          (ii) by the person accepting guardianship under Subsection (2)(b) requesting the
             252      termination of the guardianship.
             253          (b) If the school district determines that it would not be in the best interests of the child
             254      to terminate the guardianship, the district may refer the request for termination to the state
             255      district court in which the documents were filed under Subsection (5) for further action
             256      consistent with the interests of the child.
             257          (9) The school district shall retain copies of all documents required by this section
             258      until the child in question has reached the age of 18 unless directed to surrender the documents
             259      by a court of competent jurisdiction.
             260          (10) (a) Intentional submission to a school district of fraudulent or misleading
             261      information under this part is punishable under Section 76-8-504 .
             262          (b) A school district which has reason to believe that a party has intentionally
             263      submitted false or misleading information under this part may, after notice and opportunity for
             264      the party to respond to the allegation:
             265          (i) void any guardianship, authorization, or action which was based upon the false or
             266      misleading information; and
             267          (ii) recover, from the party submitting the information, the full cost of any benefits
             268      received by the child on the basis of the false or misleading information, including tuition, fees,
             269      and other unpaid school charges, together with any related costs of recovery.
             270          (c) A student whose guardianship or enrollment has been terminated under this section
             271      may, upon payment of all applicable tuition and fees, continue in enrollment until the end of
             272      the school year unless excluded from attendance for cause.
             273          Section 2. Section 53A-2-203.5 is amended to read:
             274           53A-2-203.5. Recognition of guardianship.
             275          (1) A document issued by other than a court of law which purports to award


             276      guardianship to a person who is not a legal resident of the jurisdiction in which the
             277      guardianship is awarded is not valid in [the] this state [of Utah] until reviewed and approved by
             278      a [Utah] court in this state.
             279          (2) The procedure for obtaining approval under Subsection (1) is the procedure
             280      required under Title 75, Chapter [5] 5c, Part 2, [for obtaining a court appointment of a
             281      guardian] Appointment of a Guardian for a Minor.
             282          Section 3. Section 75-1-201 is amended to read:
             283           75-1-201. General definitions.
             284          Subject to additional definitions contained in the subsequent chapters that are
             285      applicable to specific chapters, parts, or sections, and unless the context otherwise requires, in
             286      this code:
             287          (1) "Agent" includes an attorney-in-fact under a durable or nondurable power of
             288      attorney, an individual authorized to make decisions concerning another's health care, and an
             289      individual authorized to make decisions for another under a natural death act.
             290          (2) "Application" means a written request to the registrar for an order of informal
             291      probate or appointment under [Title 75,] Chapter 3, Part 3, Informal Probate and Appointment
             292      Proceedings.
             293          (3) "Beneficiary," as it relates to trust beneficiaries, includes a person who has any
             294      present or future interest, vested or contingent, and also includes the owner of an interest by
             295      assignment or other transfer; as it relates to a charitable trust, includes any person entitled to
             296      enforce the trust; as it relates to a "beneficiary of a beneficiary designation," refers to a
             297      beneficiary of an insurance or annuity policy, of an account with POD designation, of a security
             298      registered in beneficiary form (TOD), or of a pension, profit-sharing, retirement, or similar
             299      benefit plan, or other nonprobate transfer at death; and, as it relates to a "beneficiary designated
             300      in a governing instrument," includes a grantee of a deed, a devisee, a trust beneficiary, a
             301      beneficiary of a beneficiary designation, a donee, appointee, or taker in default of a power of
             302      appointment, and a person in whose favor a power of attorney or a power held in any
             303      individual, fiduciary, or representative capacity is exercised.
             304          (4) "Beneficiary designation" refers to a governing instrument naming a beneficiary of
             305      an insurance or annuity policy, of an account with POD designation, of a security registered in
             306      beneficiary form (TOD), or of a pension, profit-sharing, retirement, or similar benefit plan, or


             307      other nonprobate transfer at death.
             308          (5) "Child" includes any individual entitled to take as a child under this code by
             309      intestate succession from the parent whose relationship is involved and excludes any person
             310      who is only a stepchild, a foster child, a grandchild, or any more remote descendant.
             311          (6) "Claims," in respect to estates of decedents and protected persons, includes
             312      liabilities of the decedent or protected person, whether arising in contract, in tort, or otherwise,
             313      and liabilities of the estate which arise at or after the death of the decedent or after the
             314      appointment of a conservator, including funeral expenses and expenses of administration.
             315      "Claims" does not include estate or inheritance taxes, or demands or disputes regarding title of
             316      a decedent or protected person to specific assets alleged to be included in the estate.
             317          (7) "Conservator" means a person [who is] appointed by a court to manage the estate of
             318      a protected person.
             319          (8) "Court" means any of the courts of record in this state having jurisdiction in matters
             320      relating to the affairs of decedents.
             321          (9) "Descendant" of an individual means all of his descendants of all generations, with
             322      the relationship of parent and child at each generation being determined by the definition of
             323      child and parent contained in this title.
             324          (10) "Devise," when used as a noun, means a testamentary disposition of real or
             325      personal property and, when used as a verb, means to dispose of real or personal property by
             326      will.
             327          (11) "Devisee" means any person designated in a will to receive a devise. For the
             328      purposes of [Title 75,] Chapter 3, Probate of Wills and Administration, in the case of a devise
             329      to an existing trust or trustee, or to a trustee in trust described by will, the trust or trustee is the
             330      devisee, and the beneficiaries are not devisees.
             331          [(12) "Disability" means cause for a protective order as described by Section
             332      75-5-401 .]
             333          [(13)] (12) "Distributee" means any person who has received property of a decedent
             334      from his personal representative other than as a creditor or purchaser. A testamentary trustee is
             335      a distributee only to the extent of distributed assets or increment thereto remaining in his hands.
             336      A beneficiary of a testamentary trust to whom the trustee has distributed property received from
             337      a personal representative is a distributee of the personal representative. For purposes of this


             338      provision, "testamentary trustee" includes a trustee to whom assets are transferred by will, to
             339      the extent of the devised assets.
             340          [(14)] (13) "Estate" includes the property of the decedent, trust, or other person whose
             341      affairs are subject to this title as originally constituted and as it exists from time to time during
             342      administration.
             343          [(15)] (14) "Exempt property" means that property of a decedent's estate which is
             344      described in Section 75-2-403 .
             345          [(16)] (15) "Fiduciary" includes a personal representative, guardian, conservator, and
             346      trustee.
             347          [(17)] (16) "Foreign personal representative" means a personal representative of
             348      another jurisdiction.
             349          [(18)] (17) "Formal proceedings" means proceedings conducted before a judge with
             350      notice to interested persons.
             351          [(19)] (18) "Governing instrument" means a deed, will, trust, insurance or annuity
             352      policy, account with POD designation, security registered in beneficiary form (TOD), pension,
             353      profit-sharing, retirement, or similar benefit plan, instrument creating or exercising a power of
             354      appointment or a power of attorney, or a dispositive, appointive, or nominative instrument of
             355      any similar type.
             356          [(20)] (19) "Guardian" means a person who has [qualified as a guardian of a minor or
             357      incapacitated person pursuant to testamentary or court appointment, or by written instrument as
             358      provided in Section 75-5-202.5 ] accepted an appointment as guardian, but excludes one who is
             359      [merely] a guardian ad litem.
             360          [(21)] (20) "Heirs," except as controlled by Section 75-2-711 , means persons, including
             361      the surviving spouse and state, who are entitled under the statutes of intestate succession to the
             362      property of a decedent.
             363          [(22) "Incapacitated person" means any person who is impaired by reason of mental
             364      illness, mental deficiency, physical illness or disability, chronic use of drugs, chronic
             365      intoxication, or other cause, except minority, to the extent of lacking sufficient understanding
             366      or capacity to make or communicate responsible decisions.]
             367          (21) "Incapacity" is measured by functional limitations and means a judicial
             368      determination after proof by clear and convincing evidence that an adult's ability to do any of


             369      the following is impaired to such an extent that the individual lacks the ability to meet essential
             370      requirements for financial protection or physical health, safety, or self-care:
             371          (a) receive and evaluate information;
             372          (b) make and communicate decisions;
             373          (c) provide for necessities such as food, shelter, clothing, health care, or safety; or
             374          (d) manage property.
             375          [(23)] (22) "Informal proceedings" mean those conducted without notice to interested
             376      persons by an officer of the court acting as a registrar for probate of a will or appointment of a
             377      personal representative.
             378          [(24)] (23) "Interested person" includes heirs, devisees, children, spouses, creditors,
             379      beneficiaries, and any others having a property right in or claim against a trust estate or the
             380      estate of a decedent[, ward,] or protected person. It also includes persons having priority for
             381      appointment as personal representative, other fiduciaries representing interested persons, a
             382      settlor of a trust, if living, or the settlor's legal representative, if any, if the settlor is living but
             383      incapacitated. The meaning as it relates to particular persons may vary from time to time and
             384      shall be determined according to the particular purposes of, and matter involved in, any
             385      proceeding.
             386          [(25)] (24) "Issue" of a person means descendant as defined in Subsection (9).
             387          [(26)] (25) "Joint tenants with the right of survivorship" and "community property with
             388      the right of survivorship" includes coowners of property held under circumstances that entitle
             389      one or more to the whole of the property on the death of the other or others, but excludes forms
             390      of coownership registration in which the underlying ownership of each party is in proportion to
             391      that party's contribution.
             392          [(27)] (26) "Lease" includes an oil, gas, or other mineral lease.
             393          [(28)] (27) "Letters" includes letters testamentary, letters of guardianship, letters of
             394      administration, and letters of conservatorship.
             395          [(29)] (28) "Minor" means a person who is under 18 years of age.
             396          [(30)] (29) "Mortgage" means any conveyance, agreement, or arrangement in which
             397      property is used as security.
             398          [(31)] (30) "Nonresident decedent" means a decedent who was domiciled in another
             399      jurisdiction at the time of his death.


             400          [(32)] (31) "Organization" includes a corporation, limited liability company, business
             401      trust, estate, trust, partnership, joint venture, association, government or governmental
             402      subdivision or agency, or any other legal or commercial entity.
             403          [(33)] (32) "Parent" includes any person entitled to take, or who would be entitled to
             404      take if the child died without a will, as a parent under this code by intestate succession from the
             405      child whose relationship is in question and excludes any person who is only a stepparent, foster
             406      parent, or grandparent.
             407          [(34)] (33) "Payor" means a trustee, insurer, business entity, employer, government,
             408      governmental agency or subdivision, or any other person authorized or obligated by law or a
             409      governing instrument to make payments.
             410          [(35)] (34) "Person" means an individual or an organization.
             411          [(36)] (35) (a) "Personal representative" includes executor, administrator, successor
             412      personal representative, special administrator, and persons who perform substantially the same
             413      function under the law governing their status.
             414          (b) "General personal representative" excludes special administrator.
             415          [(37)] (36) "Petition" means a written request to the court for an order after notice.
             416          [(38)] (37) "Proceeding" includes action at law and suit in equity.
             417          [(39)] (38) "Property" includes both real and personal property or any interest therein
             418      and means anything that may be the subject of ownership.
             419          [(40)] (39) "Protected person" means a person, including a minor, for whom a
             420      [conservator has been appointed. A "minor protected person" means a minor for whom]
             421      guardian or a conservator has been appointed [because of minority] or a protective order
             422      entered.
             423          [(41)] (40) "Protective proceeding" means a proceeding [described in Section
             424      75-5-401 ] under Chapter 5c, Utah Protective Proceedings Act.
             425          [(42)] (41) "Record" means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that
             426      is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form.
             427          [(43)] (42) "Registrar" refers to the official of the court designated to perform the
             428      functions of registrar as provided in Section 75-1-307 .
             429          [(44)] (43) "Security" includes any note, stock, treasury stock, bond, debenture,
             430      evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest, or participation in an oil, gas, or mining title or


             431      lease or in payments out of production under such a title or lease, collateral trust certificate,
             432      transferable share, voting trust certificate, and, in general, any interest or instrument commonly
             433      known as a security, or any certificate of interest or participation, any temporary or interim
             434      certificate, receipt, or certificate of deposit for, or any warrant or right to subscribe to or
             435      purchase, any of the foregoing.
             436          [(45)] (44) "Settlement," in reference to a decedent's estate, includes the full process of
             437      administration, distribution, and closing.
             438          [(46)] (45) "Sign" means, with present intent to authenticate or adopt a record other
             439      than a will:
             440          (a) to execute or adopt a tangible symbol; or
             441          (b) to attach to or logically associate with the record an electronic symbol, sound, or
             442      process.
             443          [(47)] (46) "Special administrator" means a personal representative as described in
             444      Sections 75-3-614 through 75-3-618 .
             445          [(48)] (47) "State" means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the
             446      Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of
             447      the United States, or a Native American tribe or band recognized by federal law or formally
             448      acknowledged by a state.
             449          [(49)] (48) "Successor personal representative" means a personal representative, other
             450      than a special administrator, who is appointed to succeed a previously appointed personal
             451      representative.
             452          [(50)] (49) "Successors" means persons, other than creditors, who are entitled to
             453      property of a decedent under the decedent's will or this title.
             454          [(51)] (50) "Supervised administration" refers to the proceedings described in [Title
             455      75,] Chapter 3, Part 5, Supervised Administration.
             456          [(52)] (51) "Survive," except for purposes of Part 3 of Article VI, Uniform TOD
             457      Security Registration Act, means that an individual has neither predeceased an event, including
             458      the death of another individual, nor is considered to have predeceased an event under Section
             459      75-2-104 or 75-2-702 . The term includes its derivatives, such as "survives," "survived,"
             460      "survivor," and "surviving."
             461          [(53)] (52) "Testacy proceeding" means a proceeding to establish a will or determine


             462      intestacy.
             463          [(54)] (53) "Testator" includes an individual of either sex.
             464          [(55)] (54) "Trust" includes a health savings account, as defined in Section 223,
             465      Internal Revenue Code, any express trust, private or charitable, with additions thereto,
             466      wherever and however created. The term also includes a trust created or determined by
             467      judgment or decree under which the trust is to be administered in the manner of an express
             468      trust. The term excludes other constructive trusts, and it excludes resulting trusts,
             469      conservatorships, personal representatives, trust accounts as defined in [Title 75,] Chapter 6,
             470      Nonprobate Transfers, custodial arrangements pursuant to any Uniform Transfers To Minors
             471      Act, business trusts providing for certificates to be issued to beneficiaries, common trust funds,
             472      voting trusts, preneed funeral plans under Title 58, Chapter 9, Funeral Services Licensing Act,
             473      security arrangements, liquidation trusts, and trusts for the primary purpose of paying debts,
             474      dividends, interest, salaries, wages, profits, pensions, or employee benefits of any kind, and any
             475      arrangement under which a person is nominee or escrowee for another.
             476          [(56)] (55) "Trustee" includes an original, additional, and successor trustee, and
             477      cotrustee, whether or not appointed or confirmed by the court.
             478          [(57) "Ward" means a person for whom a guardian has been appointed. A "minor
             479      ward" is a minor for whom a guardian has been appointed solely because of minority.]
             480          [(58)] (56) "Will" includes codicil and any testamentary instrument which merely
             481      appoints an executor, revokes or revises another will, nominates a guardian or conservator, or
             482      expressly excludes or limits the right of an individual or class to succeed to property of the
             483      decedent passing by intestate succession.
             484          Section 4. Section 75-5-501 is amended to read:
             485           75-5-501. Power of attorney not affected by disability or lapse of time -- Agent
             486      responsibilities.
             487          (1) Whenever a principal designates another his attorney-in-fact or agent by a power of
             488      attorney in writing and the writing contains the words "This power of attorney shall not be
             489      affected by disability of the principal," or "This power of attorney shall become effective upon
             490      the disability of the principal," or similar words showing the intent of the principal that the
             491      authority conferred shall be exercisable notwithstanding his disability, the authority of the
             492      attorney-in-fact or agent is exercisable by him as provided in the power on behalf of the


             493      principal notwithstanding:
             494          (a) later disability or incapacity of the principal at law or later uncertainty as to whether
             495      the principal is dead or alive; or
             496          (b) the lapse of time since the execution of the instrument, unless the instrument states
             497      a time of termination.
             498          (2) If an attorney-in-fact or agent determines that the principal has become
             499      incapacitated or disabled and the power of attorney by its terms remains in effect or becomes
             500      effective as a result of a principal's incapacity or disability, the attorney-in-fact or agent shall:
             501          (a) notify all interested persons of his status as the power of attorney holder within 30
             502      days of the principal's incapacitation, and provide them with his name and address;
             503          (b) provide to any interested persons upon written request, a copy of the power of
             504      attorney;
             505          (c) provide to any interested persons upon written request, an annual accounting of the
             506      assets to which the power of attorney applies, unless the power of attorney specifically directs
             507      that the attorney-in-fact or agent is not required to do so; and
             508          (d) notify all interested persons upon the death of the principal.
             509          (3) All interested persons shall be notified within 10 days if the attorney-in-fact or
             510      agent changes. The notification shall be made by the new attorney-in-fact or agent who shall
             511      then be accountable to the interested persons in accordance with Subsection (2).
             512          (4) All acts done by the attorney-in-fact or agent pursuant to the power during any
             513      period of disability or incompetence or uncertainty as to whether the principal is dead or alive
             514      have the same effect and inure to the benefit of and bind the principal or his heirs, devisees,
             515      and personal representative as if the principal were alive, competent, and not disabled, except
             516      as provided in Section 75-5-503 .
             517          (5) A conservator may be appointed for a principal even though the principal has a
             518      valid power of attorney in place. If a conservator thereafter is appointed for the principal, the
             519      attorney-in-fact or agent, during the continuance of the appointment, shall account to the
             520      conservator rather than the principal. The conservator, pursuant to court order [as provided in
             521      Subsection 75-5-408 (1)(d)], has the same power the principal would have had if he were not
             522      disabled or incompetent to revoke, suspend, or terminate all or any part of the power of
             523      attorney or agency.


             524          (6) For the purposes of this section, "interested person" means any person entitled to a
             525      part of the principal's estate from the principal's will or through the intestacy laws, whichever is
             526      applicable.
             527          Section 5. Section 75-5b-102 is amended to read:
             528           75-5b-102. Definitions.
             529          In this chapter:
             530          (1) "Adult" means an individual who has attained 18 years of age.
             531          [(2) "Conservator" means a person appointed by the court to administer the property of
             532      an adult, including a person appointed under Title 75, Chapter 5, Part 4, Protection of Property
             533      of Persons Under Disability and Minors.]
             534          [(3)] (2) "Emergency" means circumstances that likely will result in substantial harm to
             535      a respondent's health, safety, estate, or welfare, and in which the appointment of a guardian or
             536      conservator is necessary because no other person has authority to and is willing to act on the
             537      respondent's behalf.
             538          [(4) "Guardian" means a person appointed by the court to make decisions regarding the
             539      person of an adult, including a person appointed under Title 75, Chapter 5, Part 3, Guardians of
             540      Incapacitated Persons.]
             541          [(5)] (3) "Guardianship order" means an order appointing a guardian.
             542          [(6)] (4) "Guardianship proceeding" means a proceeding in which an order for the
             543      appointment of a guardian is sought or has been issued.
             544          [(7)] (5) "Home state" means the state in which the respondent was physically present
             545      for at least six consecutive months immediately before the filing of a petition for the
             546      appointment of a guardian or protective order. A period of temporary absence counts as part of
             547      the six-month period.
             548          [(8) "Incapacitated person" means an adult for whom a guardian has been appointed.]
             549          [(9)] (6) "Party" means the respondent, petitioner, guardian, conservator, or any other
             550      person allowed by the court to participate in a guardianship or protective proceeding.
             551          [(10)] (7) "Person," except in the terms "incapacitated person" or "protected person,"
             552      means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability
             553      company, association, joint venture, government or governmental subdivision, agency or
             554      instrumentality, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity.


             555          [(11) "Protected person" means an adult for whom a protective order has been made.]
             556          [(12)] (8) "Protective order" means an order appointing a conservator or another court
             557      order related to management of an adult's property.
             558          [(13) "Protective proceeding" means a judicial proceeding in which a protective order
             559      is sought or has been issued.]
             560          [(14)] (9) "Record" means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is
             561      stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form.
             562          [(15)] (10) "Respondent" means an adult for whom a protective order or the
             563      appointment of a guardian or conservator is sought.
             564          [(16)] (11) "Significant-connection state" means a state, other than the home state, with
             565      which a respondent has a significant connection other than mere physical presence and in
             566      which substantial evidence concerning the respondent is available.
             567          [(17)] (12) "State" means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto
             568      Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, a federally recognized Indian tribe, or any territory or
             569      insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
             570          Section 6. Section 75-5b-302 is amended to read:
             571           75-5b-302. Accepting guardianship or conservatorship transferred from another
             572      state.
             573          (1) To confirm transfer of a guardianship or conservatorship transferred to this state
             574      under provisions similar to Section 75-5b-301 , the guardian or conservator shall petition the
             575      court in this state to accept the guardianship or conservatorship. The petition shall include a
             576      certified copy of the other state's provisional order of transfer.
             577          (2) Notice of a petition under Subsection (1) shall be given by the petitioner to those
             578      persons who would be entitled to notice if the petition were a petition for the appointment of a
             579      guardian or issuance of a protective order in both the transferring state and this state. The
             580      notice shall be given in the same manner as notice is given in this state.
             581          (3) On the court's own motion or on request of the incapacitated or protected person, or
             582      other person required to be notified of the proceeding, the court shall hold a hearing on a
             583      petition filed pursuant to Subsection (1).
             584          (4) The court shall issue an order provisionally granting a petition filed under
             585      Subsection (1) unless:


             586          (a) an objection is made and the objector establishes that transfer of the proceeding
             587      would be contrary to the interests of the incapacitated or protected person; or
             588          (b) the guardian or conservator is ineligible for appointment in this state.
             589          (5) The court shall issue a final order accepting the proceeding and appointing the
             590      guardian or conservator as guardian or conservator in this state upon its receipt from the court
             591      from which the proceeding is being transferred of a final order issued under provisions similar
             592      to Section 75-5b-301 transferring the proceeding to this state.
             593          (6) Not later than 90 days after issuance of a final order accepting transfer of a
             594      guardianship or conservatorship, the court shall determine whether the guardianship or
             595      conservatorship needs to be modified to conform to the law of this state.
             596          (7) In granting a petition under this section, the court shall recognize a guardianship or
             597      conservatorship order from the other state, including the determination of the incapacitated or
             598      protected person's incapacity and the appointment of the guardian or conservator.
             599          (8) The denial by a court of this state of a petition to accept a guardianship or
             600      conservatorship transferred from another state does not affect the ability of the guardian or
             601      conservator to seek appointment as guardian or conservator in this state under [Title 75,]
             602      Chapter [5] 5c, [Part 3, Guardians of Incapacitated Persons] Utah Protective Proceedings Act,
             603      if the court has jurisdiction to make an appointment other than by reason of the provisional
             604      order of transfer.
             605          Section 7. Section 75-5c-101 is enacted to read:
             606     
CHAPTER 5c. UTAH PROTECTIVE PROCEEDINGS ACT

             607     
Part 1. General Provisions

             608          75-5c-101. Title.
             609          This chapter is known as the "Utah Protective Proceedings Act."
             610          Section 8. Section 75-5c-102 is enacted to read:
             611          75-5c-102. Definitions.
             612          As used in this chapter:
             613          (1) "Best interest decision making standard" means the guardian or conservator makes
             614      the decision that the protected person would have made when competent. If:
             615          (a) following the protected person's wishes would cause the person harm;
             616          (b) the guardian or conservator cannot determine the protected person's wishes; or


             617          (c) the protected person has never had capacity, then the guardian or conservator, after
             618      considering the protected person's expressed wishes, makes the decision that is the least
             619      intrusive, least restrictive, and most normalizing course of action to accommodate the protected
             620      person's particular functional limitations.
             621          (2) "Court" means the district court.
             622          (3) "Developmental disability" means a severe, chronic disability of an individual five
             623      years of age or older that:
             624          (a) is attributable to a mental or physical impairment or combination of mental and
             625      physical impairments;
             626          (b) is manifested before the individual attains age 22;
             627          (c) is likely to continue indefinitely;
             628          (d) results in substantial functional limitations in three or more of the following areas
             629      of major life activity:
             630          (i) self-care;
             631          (ii) receptive and expressive language;
             632          (iii) learning;
             633          (iv) mobility;
             634          (v) self-direction;
             635          (vi) capacity for independent living; and
             636          (vii) economic self-sufficiency; and
             637          (e) reflects the individual's need for a combination and sequence of special,
             638      interdisciplinary, or generic services, supports, or other assistance that is of lifelong or
             639      extended duration and is individually planned and coordinated, except that the term, when
             640      applied to infants and young children means individuals from birth to age five, inclusive, who
             641      have substantial developmental delay or specific congenital or acquired conditions with a high
             642      probability of resulting in developmental disabilities if services are not provided.
             643          (4) "Health care" and "health care decisions" mean the same as in Section 75-2a-103 .
             644          (5) "Legal representative" includes a guardian or conservator acting for a protected
             645      person in this state or elsewhere, a trustee or custodian of a trust or custodianship of which the
             646      protected person is a beneficiary, an attorney, a guardian ad litem, a representative payee, and
             647      an agent designated under a power of attorney in which the protected person is the principal.


             648          (6) "Professional conservator" means a trust company permitted by the commissioner
             649      of financial institutions under Subsection 7-5-2 (1) to accept an appointment to act in an agency
             650      or fiduciary capacity.
             651          (7) "Professional guardian" means a person who has been certified as a National
             652      Certified Guardian or National Master Guardian by the Center for Guardianship Certification.
             653          (8) "Respondent" means an individual for whom a guardian, conservator, or protective
             654      order is sought.
             655          Section 9. Section 75-5c-103 is enacted to read:
             656          75-5c-103. Incapacity -- Findings -- Factors.
             657          In deciding whether the respondent is incapacitated, the court shall enter findings in
             658      which the court identifies the functional limitations that cause the respondent to be
             659      incapacitated. The court should consider and weigh, as appropriate:
             660          (1) whether the respondent's condition, limitations, and level of functioning leave the
             661      respondent at risk of:
             662          (a) their property being dissipated;
             663          (b) being unable to provide for their support, or for the support of individuals entitled
             664      to the respondent's support;
             665          (c) being financially exploited;
             666          (d) being abused or neglected, including self-injurious behavior or self-neglect; or
             667          (e) having their rights violated;
             668          (2) whether the respondent has a physical or mental illness, disability, condition, or
             669      syndrome and the prognosis;
             670          (3) whether the respondent is able to evaluate the consequences of alternative
             671      decisions;
             672          (4) whether the respondent can manage the activities of daily living through training,
             673      education, support services, mental and physical health care, medication, therapy, assistants,
             674      assistive devices, or other means;
             675          (5) the nature and extent of the demands placed on the respondent by the need for care;
             676          (6) the nature and extent of the demands placed on the respondent by their property;
             677          (7) the consistency of the respondent's behavior with their long-standing values,
             678      preferences, and patterns of behavior; and


             679          (8) other relevant factors.
             680          Section 10. Section 75-5c-104 is enacted to read:
             681          75-5c-104. Transfer of property to or on behalf of a minor.
             682          (1) Unless the person knows that a conservator has been appointed for a minor or that a
             683      proceeding to appoint a conservator is pending, a person required to transfer money or personal
             684      property to a minor may transfer up to $50,000 per year to:
             685          (a) the minor, if the minor is married or emancipated or if payment to the minor is
             686      authorized by statute;
             687          (b) the minor's guardian;
             688          (c) the minor's custodian under Chapter 5a, Uniform Transfers to Minors Act;
             689          (d) a person responsible for the minor's care and custody with whom the minor resides;
             690      or
             691          (e) a financial institution for deposit in an interest-bearing account or certificate in the
             692      minor's sole name and giving notice of the deposit to the minor.
             693          (2) A person who transfers money or property in compliance with this section is not
             694      responsible for its proper application.
             695          (3) A custodian, guardian, or a person responsible for the minor's care and custody who
             696      receives money or property for a minor shall apply it to the minor's support, care, education,
             697      health, and welfare and may not derive a personal financial benefit, except for reimbursement
             698      for necessary expenses. Any excess shall be preserved for the minor's future support, care,
             699      education, health, and welfare. Any balance shall be transferred to the minor upon
             700      emancipation or majority.
             701          (4) A person receiving money under this section on behalf of a minor has the power to
             702      settle and release in whole or in part the claims belonging to the minor giving rise to the duty to
             703      pay money to the minor.
             704          Section 11. Section 75-5c-105 is enacted to read:
             705          75-5c-105. Delegation of authority by parent or guardian.
             706          A parent or guardian of a minor or protected person may delegate to another person any
             707      authority regarding care, custody, or property of the minor or protected person except the
             708      authority to consent to marriage or adoption. The delegation shall be by a properly executed
             709      power of attorney and may not exceed six months.


             710          Section 12. Section 75-5c-106 is enacted to read:
             711          75-5c-106. Venue -- Transfer of venue.
             712          (1) Venue for a proceeding under this chapter is:
             713          (a) in the county in which the respondent resides or is present at the time the
             714      proceeding is commenced;
             715          (b) in the county in which the respondent's will is or could be probated, if the guardian
             716      or conservator is nominated by such will;
             717          (c) in the county of the court that committed the respondent under Title 62A, Chapter
             718      5, Part 3, Admission to Mental Retardation Facility or under Title 62A, Chapter 15, Part 6,
             719      Utah State Hospital and Other Mental Health Facilities; or
             720          (d) in the county in which property of the respondent is located, if the petition is to
             721      appoint a conservator or for a protective order and the respondent does not reside in this state.
             722          (2) If a proceeding is brought in more than one county, the court of the county in which
             723      the proceeding is first brought has the exclusive right to proceed unless that court determines
             724      that venue is proper in another county and that the interests of justice require that the
             725      proceeding be transferred.
             726          (3) The court that appoints a guardian or conservator or enters a protective order retains
             727      venue for proceedings after the appointment or order unless that court determines that venue is
             728      proper in another county and that the interests of justice require that the proceeding be
             729      transferred.
             730          Section 13. Section 75-5c-107 is enacted to read:
             731          75-5c-107. Appointment and status of guardian or conservator.
             732          (1) A person becomes a guardian or conservator upon acceptance of a court
             733      appointment.
             734          (2) A guardianship, conservatorship, or entry of a protective order continues until
             735      terminated by court order.
             736          (3) Acceptance of a testamentary appointment as guardian or conservator under a will
             737      probated in the state of the testator's domicile is effective in this state.
             738          Section 14. Section 75-5c-108 is enacted to read:
             739          75-5c-108. Acceptance of appointment.
             740          (1) The guardian or conservator has authority to act upon filing an acceptance of


             741      appointment. A guardian or conservator shall file an acceptance of appointment within 30 days
             742      after the later of:
             743          (a) entry of the order of appointment; or
             744          (b) the occurrence of a future event designated in the appointment order.
             745          (2) By accepting appointment, a guardian or conservator submits personally to the
             746      jurisdiction of the court in any proceeding relating to the guardianship or conservatorship.
             747          (3) If a person nominated by will or signed writing timely complies with Section
             748      75-5c-201 , 75-5c-301 , or 75-5c-401 , the nominee's acts before acceptance of the appointment
             749      that are beneficial to the respondent have the same effect as those that occur after acceptance.
             750          Section 15. Section 75-5c-109 is enacted to read:
             751          75-5c-109. Letters of office.
             752          (1) After acceptance, the court shall issue appropriate letters of office to the guardian or
             753      conservator. The letters shall state the authority of the guardian or conservator and, if the
             754      guardian's or conservator's authority is for less than the entire estate, the property subject to the
             755      guardian's or conservator's possession, ownership, or control.
             756          (2) Letters of office are evidence of title to the protected person's property and may be
             757      filed or recorded to give notice of title.
             758          Section 16. Section 75-5c-110 is enacted to read:
             759          75-5c-110. Nominating a guardian or conservator.
             760          (1) A person 14 years of age or older may nominate a person to be appointed as
             761      guardian or conservator for oneself or for one's child whom the parent has or may have in the
             762      future by will, durable power of attorney, or other signed writing that identifies the nominee
             763      and the office for which the nominee is nominated.
             764          (2) The respondent may nominate someone orally at the hearing if the respondent is 14
             765      years of age or older and has sufficient capacity to express a preference.
             766          (3) The nomination may specify desired limitations on the authority to be given to the
             767      guardian or conservator.
             768          (4) The person may revoke or amend the nomination before it is confirmed by the
             769      court.
             770          Section 17. Section 75-5c-111 is enacted to read:
             771          75-5c-111. Petition to confirm nomination -- Notice -- Authority to act.


             772          (1) A person who nominates someone to be appointed as guardian or conservator may
             773      petition to confirm the nomination if the nominator will likely become incapacitated or unable
             774      to care for the respondent within two years.
             775          (2) If no objection is filed within the time permitted or if an objection is filed and
             776      withdrawn, the court shall confirm the nomination and cut off the right of others to object if it
             777      finds that the nomination is in the respondent's best interest and the nominator will likely
             778      become incapacitated or unable to care for the respondent within two years.
             779          (3) If an objection is filed, the court shall conduct proceedings to hear and determine
             780      the priority of appointment under Section 75-5c-114 . An objection does not preclude
             781      confirmation of the nominee.
             782          (4) An order under this section appoints a contingent guardian or conservator but does
             783      not determine the respondent's incapacity.
             784          Section 18. Section 75-5c-112 is enacted to read:
             785          75-5c-112. Who may be guardian or conservator -- Priority.
             786          (1) The court may appoint as guardian or conservator any person whose appointment
             787      would be in the respondent's best interest.
             788          (2) In appointing a guardian or conservator, the court shall consider qualified persons
             789      in the following order of priority, unless the court finds the appointment would be contrary to
             790      the respondent's best interest:
             791          (a) a guardian or conservator, other than a substitute or special guardian or conservator,
             792      currently acting for the respondent in this state or elsewhere or a person nominated by that
             793      person;
             794          (b) the respondent's nominee, if the respondent is 14 years of age or older and at the
             795      time of the nomination the respondent had sufficient capacity to express a preference;
             796          (c) the respondent's agent appointed under Chapter 2a, Advance Health Care Directive
             797      Act or Chapter 5, Part 5, Powers of Attorney;
             798          (d) the respondent's spouse;
             799          (e) the respondent's adult child or a person nominated by a deceased adult child;
             800          (f) the respondent's parent or a person nominated by a deceased parent;
             801          (g) an adult with whom the respondent has resided for more than six months;
             802          (h) an adult who has shown special care and concern for the respondent; and


             803          (i) a professional guardian or conservator.
             804          (3) If a person nominates more than one guardian or conservator, the most recent
             805      nomination controls.
             806          (4) If two or more people who have equal priority to nominate a guardian or
             807      conservator are dead or incapacitated, the most recent nomination by the last person to die or to
             808      be adjudicated incapacitated has priority.
             809          (5) If two or more people have equal priority, the court may select the one most
             810      qualified. In the best interest of the respondent, the court may decline to appoint a person
             811      having a higher priority and appoint a person having a lower priority or no priority.
             812          (6) An owner, operator, or employee of a long-term care institution at which the
             813      respondent is receiving care may not be appointed guardian or conservator unless related to the
             814      respondent by blood, marriage, or adoption.
             815          (7) The nomination of a guardian or conservator by a parent does not supersede the
             816      parental rights of either parent.
             817          Section 19. Section 75-5c-113 is enacted to read:
             818          75-5c-113. Successor, additional or contingent guardian or conservator.
             819          The court may appoint more than one guardian or conservator. The court may appoint a
             820      guardian or conservator to serve immediately or upon the occurrence of some future designated
             821      event. The court may appoint a successor guardian or conservator to serve in the event of a
             822      vacancy. Unless otherwise stated, a successor succeeds to the predecessor's duties, authority,
             823      and title to property. After acceptance under Section 75-5c-108 , the court shall issue
             824      appropriate letters of office.
             825          Section 20. Section 75-5c-114 is enacted to read:
             826          75-5c-114. Termination, resignation, or removal.
             827          (1) A guardianship or conservatorship terminates upon court order.
             828          (2) The court may accept the resignation or order the removal of the guardian or
             829      conservator upon finding that resignation or removal would be in the protected person's best
             830      interest.
             831          (3) The court may terminate the guardianship, conservatorship, or protective order
             832      upon sufficient evidence that:
             833          (a) the protected person has died;


             834          (b) the minor protected person has been adopted, is emancipated, or has attained
             835      majority; or
             836          (c) the protected person no longer needs the assistance or protection of a guardian,
             837      conservator, or protective order.
             838          (4) Upon presentation of evidence establishing a prima facie case for termination, the
             839      court shall order termination, unless it is proven by clear and convincing evidence that
             840      continuation of the guardianship or conservatorship is in the protected person's best interest.
             841          (5) Termination of the guardianship or conservatorship or death, incapacity,
             842      resignation, or removal of the guardian or conservator does not affect the liability of a guardian
             843      or conservator for previous acts or the obligation to account for the protected person's property.
             844          (6) Upon termination of the guardianship or conservatorship, title to the protected
             845      person's property passes to the person or to the person's successors. An order terminating the
             846      guardianship or conservatorship may be filed or recorded to give notice of title to the property.
             847      The order terminating the guardianship or conservatorship shall provide for expenses of
             848      administration and direct the guardian or conservator to execute appropriate instruments to
             849      evidence transfer of title, to confirm a distribution previously made, and to file a final report.
             850          (7) The court shall enter a final discharge order upon the approval of the final report
             851      and satisfaction of any other conditions ordered by the court.
             852          Section 21. Section 75-5c-115 is enacted to read:
             853          75-5c-115. Special appointment.
             854          (1) The court may appoint a special guardian or conservator if the court finds that:
             855          (a) following the procedures of this chapter would likely result in substantial harm to
             856      the respondent's health, safety, or welfare;
             857          (b) no other person appears to have authority to act;
             858          (c) the welfare of the respondent requires immediate action; and
             859          (d) the appointment would be in the respondent's best interest.
             860          (2) The court may appoint a special guardian or conservator ex parte if it finds that the
             861      respondent or the respondent's estate will be substantially harmed before a hearing can be held.
             862      Unless the respondent is represented by an attorney, the court shall appoint an attorney at the
             863      earliest possible time to represent the respondent.
             864          (3) The petition and notice of the hearing shall be served using the method most likely


             865      to give prompt actual notice. If a special guardian or conservator is appointed without notice
             866      and hearing, notice of the appointment shall be served within two days after the appointment
             867      and a hearing on the appropriateness of the appointment shall be held within five days after the
             868      appointment.
             869          (4) Appointment of a special guardian or conservator is not a determination of the
             870      respondent's incapacity.
             871          (5) After hearing, the court may appoint a special guardian or conservator for a
             872      specified period not to exceed 60 days, and the court may remove a special guardian or
             873      conservator at any time. The appointment terminates on the date specified by the court.
             874          (6) The court may order only the authority justified by the emergency. The special
             875      guardian or conservator may exercise only the authority specified in the order. The special
             876      guardian or conservator shall make any report the court requires. The provisions of this chapter
             877      concerning guardians or conservators apply to a special guardian or conservator.
             878          Section 22. Section 75-5c-116 is enacted to read:
             879          75-5c-116. Substitute appointment.
             880          (1) The court may appoint a substitute guardian or conservator if it finds that:
             881          (a) the guardian or conservator is not effectively exercising authority or performing
             882      duties;
             883          (b) the protected person's welfare requires immediate action; and
             884          (c) the appointment would be in the protected person's best interests.
             885          (2) The court may appoint a substitute guardian or conservator ex parte if it finds that
             886      the respondent or the respondent's estate will be substantially harmed before a hearing can be
             887      held. Unless the respondent is represented by an attorney, the court shall appoint an attorney to
             888      represent the respondent.
             889          (3) The petition and notice of the hearing shall be served using the method most likely
             890      to give prompt actual notice. If a substitute guardian or conservator is appointed without notice
             891      and hearing, notice of the appointment shall be served within two days after the appointment
             892      and a hearing on the appropriateness of the appointment shall be held within five days after the
             893      appointment.
             894          (4) After hearing, the court may appoint a substitute guardian or conservator for a
             895      specified period not to exceed six months, and the court may remove a substitute guardian or


             896      conservator at any time.
             897          (5) Except as ordered by the court, a substitute guardian or conservator has the
             898      authority and duties in the previous order of appointment. The authority of a previously
             899      appointed guardian or conservator is suspended as long as a substitute guardian or conservator
             900      has authority.
             901          (6) A substitute guardian or conservator shall make any report the court requires. The
             902      provisions of this chapter concerning guardians and conservators apply to a substitute guardian
             903      or conservator.
             904          Section 23. Section 75-5c-117 is enacted to read:
             905          75-5c-117. Proceedings after appointment.
             906          (1) After appointing a guardian or conservator or entering a protective order, the court
             907      may:
             908          (a) require, increase, or decrease a bond or collateral;
             909          (b) require a report from the guardian or conservator;
             910          (c) direct distribution;
             911          (d) instruct the guardian or conservator concerning a fiduciary responsibility;
             912          (e) modify the authority of the guardian or conservator because authority previously
             913      granted is excessive or insufficient or because of a change in the protected person's incapacity;
             914          (f) permit or deny the guardian or conservator to exercise authority requiring a court
             915      order;
             916          (g) terminate the guardianship or conservatorship;
             917          (h) remove a guardian or conservator;
             918          (i) accept the resignation of a guardian or conservator;
             919          (j) appoint a substitute guardian or conservator;
             920          (k) appoint a successor or additional guardian or conservator;
             921          (l) find the guardian or conservator in contempt for:
             922          (i) violating a fiduciary responsibility imposed by statute, rule, or court order; or
             923          (ii) decisions or acts by the guardian or conservator that the court finds to be
             924      substantially contrary to the management plan;
             925          (m) approve a management plan; or
             926          (n) grant other appropriate relief.


             927          (2) A protected person or person interested in the welfare of the protected person may
             928      file a petition or a motion under the Utah Rules of Civil Procedure for an order under this
             929      section.
             930          (3) A protected person is entitled to the same rights and procedures in proceedings
             931      under this section as in an original proceeding, except that the right to an attorney applies only
             932      to a petition to limit or to terminate the appointment.
             933          (4) Sanctions for contempt of court include removal of the guardian or conservator and
             934      imposing on the guardian or conservator personal responsibility for any financial loss caused
             935      by the guardian's or conservator's conduct that does not meet the standards of conduct in this
             936      chapter.
             937          Section 24. Section 75-5c-118 is enacted to read:
             938          75-5c-118. End of representation -- Guardian ad litem.
             939          (1) Unless the court otherwise directs, an attorney's representation of the respondent
             940      ends when the time to appeal the final order expires.
             941          (2) At any stage of a protective proceeding, a court may appoint a guardian ad litem if
             942      the court determines that representation of the interests of the respondent or protected person is
             943      inadequate. If not precluded by a conflict of interest, a guardian ad litem may be appointed to
             944      represent several individuals. The court shall state on the record the duties of the guardian ad
             945      litem and its reasons for the appointment.
             946          Section 25. Section 75-5c-119 is enacted to read:
             947          75-5c-119. Bonds.
             948          (1) Subject to the provisions of Title 7, Financial Institutions Act, relating to the
             949      bonding requirements for corporate fiduciaries, the court may require a guardian or conservator
             950      to furnish a bond with sureties as it may specify conditioned upon faithful discharge of all
             951      fiduciary responsibilities.
             952          (2) Unless otherwise directed, the bond shall be in the amount of:
             953          (a) the aggregate capital value of the protected person's property subject to the
             954      guardian's or conservator's possession, ownership, or control; plus
             955          (b) one year's estimated income; minus
             956          (c) the value of assets deposited under arrangements requiring a court order for
             957      removal and the value of any real property that the guardian or conservator, by express


             958      limitation, lacks authority to sell or convey without court authorization.
             959          (3) Unless otherwise directed by the court, the cost of the bond may be assessed against
             960      the respondent's estate. The court may dispense with the bond for good cause. Instead of
             961      sureties, the court may accept collateral for the performance of the bond, including a pledge of
             962      securities or a mortgage of real property.
             963          (4) Unless otherwise provided by the terms of the bond, the sureties and the guardian
             964      or conservator are jointly and severally liable.
             965          (5) By executing the bond, the surety consents to the jurisdiction of the court in any
             966      proceeding about the guardian's or conservator's fiduciary responsibilities in which the surety is
             967      named as a party. Notice of the proceeding and a copy of any petition, motion, or other paper
             968      shall be served on the surety under Utah Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 5 at the address shown
             969      in the court records and at any other address known to the petitioner.
             970          (6) If a proceeding against the primary obligor is not barred, a proceeding may be
             971      brought by a conservator, successor conservator, or any interested person against a surety for
             972      breach of the obligation of the bond. The bond may be proceeded against until liability under
             973      the bond is exhausted.
             974          Section 26. Section 75-5c-120 is enacted to read:
             975          75-5c-120. Compensation for services and reimbursement of expenses.
             976          (1) If not otherwise paid and if payment does not deprive the protected person or
             977      individuals entitled to the protected person's support of food, shelter, clothing, and other
             978      necessities, the following are entitled to reasonable payment from the estate for services and
             979      expenses:
             980          (a) the respondent's or protected person's attorney, guardian ad litem, guardian, and
             981      conservator;
             982          (b) the petitioner's attorney, if the petition results in the appointment of a guardian or
             983      conservator, the entry of a protective order, or the entry of any other order that benefits the
             984      protected person; and
             985          (c) any person appointed by the court.
             986          (2) To qualify for payment the petition or service shall:
             987          (a) benefit the respondent or protected person;
             988          (b) be filed or the service provided in good faith;


             989          (c) be reasonable and necessary; and
             990          (d) be conducted responsibly.
             991          (3) Claims for compensation and reimbursement shall be presented to the conservator
             992      if one has been appointed. If there is no conservator or if the conservator is the person to be
             993      paid, someone affiliated with the person to be paid, or someone within the third degree of
             994      relationship to the person to be paid, the compensation or reimbursement may be approved by
             995      the court. In allowing the claim, the conservator or court may consider the complexity of the
             996      service, the provider's experience, and any other relevant factor.
             997          (4) If the court finds the petition is without merit, the petitioner shall pay for the
             998      services and expenses in Subsection (1).
             999          (5) If the court determines that the payments are excessive or inappropriate, the
             1000      excessive or inappropriate amount shall be repaid to the estate.
             1001          Section 27. Section 75-5c-121 is enacted to read:
             1002          75-5c-121. Fiduciary's personal funds.
             1003          A guardian or conservator has no legal obligation to use the guardian's or conservator's
             1004      personal funds for the protected person's expenses solely by reason of the guardianship or
             1005      conservatorship.
             1006          Section 28. Section 75-5c-122 is enacted to read:
             1007          75-5c-122. Monitoring appointments.
             1008          The court may establish a system for monitoring guardians and conservators, including
             1009      their reports. The court may appoint a visitor to review records of or any report filed by a
             1010      guardian or conservator. The court may appoint a visitor to interview the protected person, the
             1011      guardian, or the conservator and to make any other investigation the court directs. The court
             1012      may order a guardian or conservator to submit the assets subject to the guardian's or
             1013      conservator's possession, ownership, or control to an examination made in a manner the court
             1014      directs.
             1015          Section 29. Section 75-5c-123 is enacted to read:
             1016          75-5c-123. Liability on reported matters.
             1017          An order, after notice, approving an intermediate report of a guardian or conservator
             1018      adjudicates liabilities concerning matters adequately disclosed in the report. An order, after
             1019      notice, approving a final report adjudicates all previously unsettled liabilities relating to the


             1020      guardianship or conservatorship adequately disclosed in the report.
             1021          Section 30. Section 75-5c-124 is enacted to read:
             1022          75-5c-124. Previous orders and letters remain valid.
             1023          Orders entered and letters issued before the effective date of this chapter remain valid
             1024      after the effective date of this chapter.
             1025          Section 31. Section 75-5c-201 is enacted to read:
             1026     
Part 2. Appointment of a Guardian for a Minor

             1027          75-5c-201. Petition to appoint a guardian for a minor -- Findings -- Procedures.
             1028          (1) A minor or a person interested in the minor's welfare may file a verified petition to
             1029      appoint a guardian. If the petitioner is nominated by will or signed writing, the petitioner shall
             1030      file a copy of the will or signed writing with the petition.
             1031          (2) Upon receipt of a petition to appoint a guardian, the court shall schedule a hearing
             1032      on the petition.
             1033          (3) The court shall appoint a guardian for a specified time not to exceed the
             1034      respondent's 18th birthday if it finds that:
             1035          (a) the appointment is in the respondent's best interests;
             1036          (b) a qualified person seeks appointment;
             1037          (c) the court has jurisdiction and venue is proper;
             1038          (d) the required notices have been given; and
             1039          (e) (i) the parents consent to the appointment;
             1040          (ii) all parental rights have been terminated; or
             1041          (iii) the parents are unwilling or unable to exercise their parental rights.
             1042          (4) In other cases, the court may dismiss the petition or make any other disposition that
             1043      will serve the respondent's best interests.
             1044          (5) If the minor is 11 years of age or older and not a resident of Utah:
             1045          (a) the school district in which the guardian resides is a necessary party;
             1046          (b) the petitioner shall serve on the superintendent of the school district in which the
             1047      minor would attend school in Utah:
             1048          (i) a certificate from the police authority in the jurisdiction where the minor has lived
             1049      during the previous two years stating whether there have been any criminal or delinquency
             1050      charges filed against the minor and whether the minor is the subject of an investigation in that


             1051      jurisdiction; and
             1052          (ii) a release allowing the superintendent access to all criminal and juvenile records of
             1053      the minor in those jurisdictions where the minor has resided during the previous two years; and
             1054          (c) the court may deny the appointment of a guardian if it finds that the school district
             1055      has proven by a preponderance of the evidence that:
             1056          (i) the primary purpose for the guardianship is to avoid the payment of tuition that a
             1057      school district may assess against a nonresident; or
             1058          (ii) the minor's behavior indicates an ongoing unwillingness to abide by applicable law
             1059      or school rules.
             1060          (6) If a school district files an objection for reasons described in Subsection (5)(c)(i),
             1061      and the court does not find in favor of the school district, the court may award the petitioner
             1062      attorney fees and costs if the court finds that the school district's arguments lack a reasonable
             1063      basis in law or fact.
             1064          (7) If the court determines that the respondent's best interests are or may be
             1065      inadequately represented, it may appoint a lawyer to represent the respondent, giving
             1066      consideration to the respondent's choice if the respondent is 14 years of age or older.
             1067          Section 32. Section 75-5c-202 is enacted to read:
             1068          75-5c-202. Guardian's authority.
             1069          (1) Except as otherwise limited by the court, a guardian has the authority of a parent
             1070      regarding the protected person's support, care, education, health, and welfare.
             1071          (2) A guardian may:
             1072          (a) take custody of the protected person and establish their dwelling place, but may
             1073      establish or move the protected person's dwelling place outside of this state only if approved by
             1074      court order;
             1075          (b) consent to medical or other care, treatment, or service for the protected person;
             1076          (c) consent to the protected person's marriage;
             1077          (d) if a conservator has not been appointed, apply for, start proceedings for, receive,
             1078      and compel delivery of property due the protected person or benefits to which the protected
             1079      person may be entitled, up to $50,000 per year; and
             1080          (e) if a conservator has not been appointed, commence a proceeding, including an
             1081      administrative proceeding, or take other appropriate action to compel a person to support the


             1082      protected person or to pay money for the protected person's benefit.
             1083          (3) The court may expressly authorize the guardian to consent to adoption of the
             1084      protected person.
             1085          Section 33. Section 75-5c-203 is enacted to read:
             1086          75-5c-203. Guardian's duties.
             1087          (1) Except as otherwise limited by the court, the guardian has the duties and
             1088      responsibilities of a parent regarding the protected person's support, care, education, health, and
             1089      welfare.
             1090          (2) The guardian shall:
             1091          (a) within 14 days after appointment, serve on the protected person and all other people
             1092      entitled to notice of the petition a copy of the appointment order and notice of the right to
             1093      request termination or modification;
             1094          (b) within 90 days after appointment, file and serve a management plan as required by
             1095      court rule or court order, describing the strategies that will be used to implement the court
             1096      order;
             1097          (c) file and serve a report on the protected person's condition to the satisfaction of the
             1098      court upon resignation or removal, upon termination, and as required by court rule or court
             1099      order;
             1100          (d) file a final report and petition to terminate the guardianship within 30 days after the
             1101      protected person dies or reaches majority;
             1102          (e) immediately notify the court and interested persons if the protected person or
             1103      guardian changes their dwelling place;
             1104          (f) if reasonable under the circumstances, encourage the protected person to participate
             1105      in decisions and act on their own behalf;
             1106          (g) become and remain personally acquainted with the protected person and maintain
             1107      sufficient contact with the protected person to know of their preferences, values, capabilities,
             1108      limitations, needs, opportunities, and physical and mental health;
             1109          (h) when acting on behalf of the protected person, exercise the degree of care,
             1110      diligence, and good faith that an ordinarily careful person exercises in their own affairs;
             1111          (i) exhibit the utmost trustworthiness, loyalty, and fidelity to the protected person;
             1112          (j) take reasonable care of the protected person's personal effects, and if necessary to


             1113      protect the protected person's property, petition for the appointment of a conservator or for a
             1114      protective order under Part 4, Appointment of a Conservator and Other Protective Orders;
             1115          (k) expend the protected person's money for their current needs for support, care,
             1116      education, health, and welfare;
             1117          (l) conserve for the protected person's future needs any of the estate that exceeds the
             1118      protected person's current needs or, if a conservator has been appointed, pay the excess to the
             1119      conservator at least annually;
             1120          (m) keep the protected person's estate separate from the guardian's money and property;
             1121          (n) keep contemporaneous records and make them available for inspection as directed
             1122      by the court;
             1123          (o) at termination, deliver any of the estate subject to the guardian's possession,
             1124      ownership, or control and any records as directed by the court;
             1125          (p) if a conservator has been appointed, account at least annually to the conservator for
             1126      the protected person's income and expenses and for any of the estate subject to the guardian's
             1127      possession, ownership, or control; and
             1128          (q) if a conservator has not been appointed:
             1129          (i) file and serve within 90 days after appointment a management plan as required by
             1130      court rule or court order describing the strategies that will be used to implement the court
             1131      order;
             1132          (ii) file and serve within 90 days after appointment an inventory of the estate subject to
             1133      the guardian's possession, ownership, or control under an oath or affirmation that the inventory
             1134      is believed to be complete and accurate as far as information permits; and
             1135          (iii) file and serve a report about the administration of the protected person's estate to
             1136      the satisfaction of the court upon resignation or removal, upon termination, and as required by
             1137      court rule or court order.
             1138          (3) If a protected person's parent consents to the protected person's adoption, the
             1139      guardian is entitled to:
             1140          (a) receive notice of and intervene in the adoption proceeding; and
             1141          (b) present evidence relevant to the protected person's best interests.
             1142          (4) A parent of a protected person retains residual parental rights and duties as defined
             1143      in Section 78A-6-105 .


             1144          Section 34. Section 75-5c-204 is enacted to read:
             1145          75-5c-204. Guardian's personal liability.
             1146          (1) A guardian is not liable to third persons for the protected person's acts solely by
             1147      reason of the guardianship.
             1148          (2) If the guardian performs fiduciary responsibilities with the degree of care,
             1149      diligence, and good faith that an ordinarily careful person exercises in their own affairs, the
             1150      guardian is not liable for acts or omissions in performing the fiduciary responsibilities.
             1151          (3) If the guardian selects a third person to perform a service for the protected person
             1152      with the degree of care, diligence, and good faith that an ordinarily careful person exercises in
             1153      their own affairs, the guardian is not liable for injury resulting from the wrongful conduct of
             1154      the third person.
             1155          Section 35. Section 75-5c-301 is enacted to read:
             1156     
Part 3. Appointment of a Guardian for an Adult

             1157          75-5c-301. Petition to appoint a guardian for an adult.
             1158          The person to be protected or any person interested in the respondent's welfare may file
             1159      a verified petition to appoint a guardian. If the petitioner is nominated by will or signed
             1160      writing, the petitioner shall file a copy of the will or signed writing with the petition.
             1161          Section 36. Section 75-5c-302 is enacted to read:
             1162          75-5c-302. Procedures before hearing.
             1163          (1) Upon receipt of a petition to appoint a guardian, the court shall schedule a hearing
             1164      on the petition.
             1165          (2) Unless the respondent is represented by a lawyer, the court shall appoint a lawyer to
             1166      represent the respondent.
             1167          Section 37. Section 75-5c-303 is enacted to read:
             1168          75-5c-303. Appointment of guardian -- Standard of evidence -- Petition for
             1169      protective order.
             1170          (1) The court may appoint a guardian only if the court finds, based on clear and
             1171      convincing evidence, that:
             1172          (a) the person to be protected has knowingly and voluntarily petitioned the court to
             1173      appoint a guardian; or
             1174          (b) the respondent is incapacitated and the respondent's particular functional limitations


             1175      cannot be met by less restrictive means.
             1176          (2) With appropriate findings, the court may treat the petition as one for a protective
             1177      order and enter an appropriate protective order.
             1178          (3) If the petitioner does not prove the elements of the petition, the court shall dismiss
             1179      the petition.
             1180          (4) Appointment of a guardian based on a petition by the person to be protected is not a
             1181      determination of that person's incapacity.
             1182          Section 38. Section 75-5c-304 is enacted to read:
             1183          75-5c-304. Least restrictive order -- Factors.
             1184          The court shall enter the least restrictive order consistent with its findings to
             1185      accommodate the respondent's particular functional limitations and demonstrated needs,
             1186      including appointive and other orders that will encourage the respondent to develop maximum
             1187      self-reliance and independence. The court should consider and weigh, as appropriate:
             1188          (1) whether the protected person can manage the activities of daily living through
             1189      training, education, support services, mental and physical health care, medication, therapy,
             1190      assistants, and assistive devices;
             1191          (2) whether the protected person has planned for health care and financial decision
             1192      making, such as an advance health care directive, a power of attorney, a trust or jointly held
             1193      account, and whether the less restrictive alternatives to a guardianship are meeting the
             1194      respondent's needs;
             1195          (3) whether the incapacity is likely to be temporary;
             1196          (4) the protected person's long-standing values, preferences, and patterns of behavior;
             1197      and
             1198          (5) other relevant factors.
             1199          Section 39. Section 75-5c-305 is enacted to read:
             1200          75-5c-305. Guardian's authority limited to court order.
             1201          (1) The protected person retains all rights, power, authority, and discretion not
             1202      expressly granted to the guardian by statute or court order. The protected person retains the
             1203      right to vote in governmental elections unless the court finds by clear and convincing evidence
             1204      that the protected person is unable to communicate, with or without accommodation, the
             1205      specific desire to participate in the voting process. The court may not grant to the guardian the


             1206      authority to vote on the protected person's behalf.
             1207          (2) The guardian has the duties specified by statute or court order. The guardian has
             1208      only the authority specified by court order. The order shall limit the guardian's authority to
             1209      what is necessary to accommodate the protected person's particular functional limitations. If a
             1210      parent or sibling of an adult with developmental disabilities is appointed guardian, the guardian
             1211      has the authority of a parent of a minor regarding the protected person's support, care,
             1212      education, health, and welfare, except as otherwise limited by the court. The court order may
             1213      accommodate the natural progression of the respondent's incapacity.
             1214          (3) If supported by the findings, and except as provided in Section 75-5c-306 , the court
             1215      may grant to the guardian the authority to:
             1216          (a) make health care decisions;
             1217          (b) consent to admission of the protected person to a licensed health care facility for
             1218      short-term placement for the purpose of assessment, rehabilitative care, or respite care;
             1219          (c) admit the protected person to a licensed health care facility for long-term custodial
             1220      placement;
             1221          (d) make arrangements for the protected person's support, care, comfort, education, and
             1222      welfare;
             1223          (e) take custody of the protected person and make arrangements for a dwelling place;
             1224          (f) take reasonable care of the protected person's personal effects; and
             1225          (g) make other decisions and give other consents on behalf of the protected person as
             1226      specified in the order and as necessary to accommodate the protected person's particular
             1227      functional limitations.
             1228          (4) If the court does not appoint a conservator, and if supported by the findings, the
             1229      order may grant to the guardian the authority to:
             1230          (a) take control of and manage a savings account or checking account;
             1231          (b) apply for, start proceedings for, receive, and compel delivery of property due the
             1232      protected person or benefits to which the protected person may be entitled, up to $50,000 per
             1233      year;
             1234          (c) commence a proceeding, including an administrative proceeding, or take other
             1235      appropriate action to compel a person to support the protected person or to pay money for the
             1236      protected person's benefit;


             1237          (d) prosecute, defend, and settle legal actions, including administrative proceedings, on
             1238      behalf of the protected person;
             1239          (e) obtain legal advice and representation on behalf of the protected person;
             1240          (f) pay the protected person's debts;
             1241          (g) give gifts, donations, or contributions on behalf of the protected person within the
             1242      limits of Section 75-5c-409 ;
             1243          (h) file tax returns on behalf of the protected person and pay taxes owed by the
             1244      protected person; and
             1245          (i) provide for the support, care, comfort, education, and welfare of individuals entitled
             1246      to the protected person's support.
             1247          Section 40. Section 75-5c-306 is enacted to read:
             1248          75-5c-306. Restrictions on the guardian's authority.
             1249          (1) The guardian may not:
             1250          (a) consent to commitment of the protected person to a mental retardation facility, but
             1251      shall petition the court for an order under Title 62A, Chapter 5, Part 3, Admission to Mental
             1252      Retardation Facility;
             1253          (b) consent to commitment of the protected person to a local mental health authority,
             1254      but shall petition the court for an order under Title 62A, Chapter 15, Part 6, Utah State Hospital
             1255      and Other Mental Health Facilities;
             1256          (c) consent to sterilization of the protected person, but shall petition the court for an
             1257      order under Title 62A, Chapter 6, Sterilization of Handicapped Person;
             1258          (d) consent to termination of the parental rights in the protected person or of the
             1259      protected person's parental rights in another, but shall petition the juvenile court for an order to
             1260      terminate parental rights under Title 78A, Chapter 6, Part 5, Termination of Parental Rights
             1261      Act; or
             1262          (e) except as provided in Subsection 75-5c-305 (5), exercise the duties or authority of a
             1263      conservator unless appointed as a conservator.
             1264          (2) The court order shall address whether the guardian may:
             1265          (a) consent to the admission of the protected person to a psychiatric hospital or other
             1266      mental health care facility;
             1267          (b) consent to participation in medical research, electroconvulsive therapy or other


             1268      shock treatment, experimental treatment, forced medication with psychotropic drugs, abortion,
             1269      psychosurgery, a procedure that restricts the protected person's rights, or to be a living organ
             1270      donor;
             1271          (c) consent to termination of life-sustaining treatment if the protected person has never
             1272      had health care decision making capacity;
             1273          (d) consent to name change, adoption, marriage, annulment, or divorce of the protected
             1274      person;
             1275          (e) establish or move the protected person's dwelling place outside of this state; or
             1276          (f) restrict the protected person's physical liberty, communications, or social activities
             1277      more than reasonably necessary to protect the protected person or others from harm.
             1278          (3) Any transaction affected by a substantial conflict between the guardian's fiduciary
             1279      and personal interests is voidable unless the transaction is expressly authorized by the court
             1280      after notice to interested persons. A transaction affected by a substantial conflict between
             1281      fiduciary and personal interests includes any sale, encumbrance, or other transaction involving
             1282      the estate entered into by the guardian, the spouse, descendant, agent, attorney of a guardian, or
             1283      a corporation or other enterprise in which the guardian has a substantial beneficial interest.
             1284          Section 41. Section 75-5c-307 is enacted to read:
             1285          75-5c-307. Guardian's duties.
             1286          The guardian shall:
             1287          (1) within 14 days after appointment, serve on the protected person and all other people
             1288      entitled to notice of the petition a copy of the appointment order and notice of the right to
             1289      request termination or modification;
             1290          (2) within 90 days after appointment, file and serve a management plan as required by
             1291      court rule or court order, describing the strategies that will be used to implement the court
             1292      order;
             1293          (3) file and serve a report on the protected person's condition to the satisfaction of the
             1294      court upon resignation or removal, upon termination, and as required by court rule or court
             1295      order;
             1296          (4) file a final report and petition to terminate the guardianship within 30 days after the
             1297      protected person dies;
             1298          (5) file a petition to terminate or modify the guardianship within 30 days after the


             1299      protected person becomes capable of exercising rights previously removed;
             1300          (6) immediately notify the court and interested persons if the protected person or
             1301      guardian changes their dwelling place;
             1302          (7) exercise duties and authority authorized by statute and court order as necessary to
             1303      accommodate the protected person's particular functional limitations;
             1304          (8) if reasonable under the circumstances, encourage the protected person to:
             1305          (a) participate in decisions;
             1306          (b) act on their own behalf; and
             1307          (c) overcome the functional limitations that resulted in the protected person's
             1308      incapacity;
             1309          (9) make decisions using the best interest decision making standard;
             1310          (10) become and remain personally acquainted with the protected person and maintain
             1311      sufficient contact with the protected person to know of their preferences, values, capabilities,
             1312      limitations, needs, opportunities, and physical and mental health;
             1313          (11) when acting on behalf of the protected person, exercise the degree of care,
             1314      diligence, and good faith that an ordinarily careful person exercises in their own affairs;
             1315          (12) exhibit the utmost trustworthiness, loyalty, and fidelity to the protected person;
             1316          (13) if necessary to protect the protected person's property, petition for the appointment
             1317      of a conservator or for a protective order under Part 4, Appointment of a Conservator and Other
             1318      Protective Orders;
             1319          (14) expend the protected person's money for their current needs for support, care,
             1320      education, health, and welfare;
             1321          (15) conserve for the protected person's future needs any of the estate that exceeds the
             1322      person's current needs or, if a conservator has been appointed, pay the excess to the conservator
             1323      at least annually;
             1324          (16) keep the protected person's estate separate from the guardian's money and
             1325      property;
             1326          (17) keep contemporaneous records and make them available for examination as
             1327      directed by the court;
             1328          (18) at termination, deliver any of the estate subject to the guardian's possession,
             1329      ownership, or control and any records as directed by law or the court;


             1330          (19) if a conservator has been appointed, account at least annually to the conservator
             1331      for the protected person's income and expenses and for any of the estate subject to the
             1332      guardian's possession, ownership, or control; and
             1333          (20) if a conservator has not been appointed:
             1334          (a) file and serve within 90 days after appointment a management plan as required by
             1335      court rule or court order describing the strategies that will be used to implement the court
             1336      order;
             1337          (b) file and serve within 90 days after appointment an inventory of the estate subject to
             1338      the guardian's possession, ownership, or control under an oath or affirmation that the inventory
             1339      is believed to be complete and accurate as far as information permits; and
             1340          (c) file and serve a report about the administration of the protected person's estate to
             1341      the satisfaction of the court upon resignation or removal, upon termination, and as required by
             1342      court rule or court order.
             1343          Section 42. Section 75-5c-308 is enacted to read:
             1344          75-5c-308. Guardian's personal liability.
             1345          (1) A guardian is not liable to third persons for the protected person's acts solely by
             1346      reason of the guardianship.
             1347          (2) If the guardian performs fiduciary responsibilities with the degree of care,
             1348      diligence, and good faith that an ordinarily careful person exercises in their own affairs, the
             1349      guardian is not liable for acts or omissions in performing the fiduciary responsibilities.
             1350          (3) If the guardian selects a third person to perform a service for the protected person
             1351      with the degree of care, diligence, and good faith that an ordinarily careful person exercises in
             1352      their own affairs, the guardian is not liable for injury resulting from the wrongful conduct of
             1353      the third person.
             1354          Section 43. Section 75-5c-309 , which is renumbered from Section 75-5-314 is
             1355      renumbered and amended to read:
             1356           [75-5-314].     75-5c-309. Mentally incompetent veteran -- Evidence of necessity
             1357      for appointment of guardian.
             1358          [Where a petition is filed for the appointment of a guardian for a mentally incompetent
             1359      ward, a] A certificate of the administrator or [his] a duly authorized representative[,] that [such
             1360      person] the respondent has been rated incompetent by the veterans administration on


             1361      examination [in accordance with the laws and regulations governing such] under veterans
             1362      administration laws and regulations and that the appointment of a guardian is a condition
             1363      precedent to the payment of any money due [such ward] the respondent by the veterans
             1364      administration[, shall be prima facie] is evidence of the necessity for [such] an appointment.
             1365          Section 44. Section 75-5c-310 , which is renumbered from Section 75-5-315 is
             1366      renumbered and amended to read:
             1367           [75-5-315].     75-5c-310. Copies of public records furnished to veterans
             1368      administration.
             1369          [When] If a copy of [any] a public record is required by the veterans administration to
             1370      [be used in determining] determine the eligibility of [any person] an applicant to participate in
             1371      [benefits made available by the] veterans administration benefits, the [official] custodian of
             1372      [such] the public record shall, without charge, provide a certified copy of the record to the
             1373      applicant [for such benefits] or any person acting on behalf of the [authorized representative of
             1374      the] veterans administration [with a certified copy of such record].
             1375          Section 45. Section 75-5c-401 is enacted to read:
             1376     
Part 4. Appointment of a Conservator and Other Protective Orders

             1377          75-5c-401. Petition to appoint a conservator or enter a protective order.
             1378          (1) The following may file a verified petition to appoint a conservator or to enter a
             1379      protective order:
             1380          (a) the person to be protected;
             1381          (b) an individual interested in the respondent's estate, affairs, or welfare; or
             1382          (c) a person who would be adversely affected by lack of effective management of the
             1383      respondent's property and business affairs.
             1384          (2) If the petitioner is nominated by will or signed writing, the petitioner shall file a
             1385      copy of the will or signed writing with the petition.
             1386          Section 46. Section 75-5c-402 is enacted to read:
             1387          75-5c-402. Jurisdiction over business affairs of respondent.
             1388          Until termination, the court in which the petition is filed has:
             1389          (1) exclusive jurisdiction to determine the need for a conservatorship or protective
             1390      order;
             1391          (2) exclusive jurisdiction to determine how the respondent's estate that is subject to


             1392      laws of this state will be managed, expended, or distributed to or for the use of the respondent,
             1393      individuals entitled to the respondent's support, or other claimants; and
             1394          (3) concurrent jurisdiction to determine the validity of claims against the respondent or
             1395      the respondent's estate and questions of title concerning estate assets.
             1396          Section 47. Section 75-5c-403 is enacted to read:
             1397          75-5c-403. Petition to appoint a conservator or enter a protective order --
             1398      Preliminary application of property -- Appointment of counsel.
             1399          (1) Upon receipt of a petition to appoint a conservator or enter a protective order, the
             1400      court shall schedule a hearing on the petition.
             1401          (2) After preliminary hearing and without notice, the court may issue orders to preserve
             1402      and apply the respondent's property as may be required for the support of the respondent or of
             1403      individuals entitled to the respondent's support. The court may appoint a special conservator to
             1404      assist in the task.
             1405          (3) Unless an adult respondent is represented by an attorney, the court shall appoint an
             1406      attorney to represent the respondent.
             1407          (4) If the court determines that a minor respondent's best interests are inadequately
             1408      represented, it may appoint an attorney to represent the respondent, giving consideration to the
             1409      respondent's choice if the respondent is 14 years of age or older.
             1410          Section 48. Section 75-5c-404 is enacted to read:
             1411          75-5c-404. Petition to appoint a conservator or enter a protective order for a
             1412      minor -- Findings.
             1413          (1) The court shall appoint a conservator or enter a protective order for a minor if it
             1414      finds that:
             1415          (a) the order is in the respondent's best interests;
             1416          (b) a qualified person seeks appointment;
             1417          (c) the court has jurisdiction and venue is proper;
             1418          (d) the required notices have been given; and
             1419          (e) the respondent:
             1420          (i) owns money or property requiring management or protection that cannot otherwise
             1421      be provided;
             1422          (ii) has or may have business affairs that may be put at risk or prevented because of the


             1423      respondent's age;
             1424          (iii) has property that will be wasted or dissipated unless management is provided; or
             1425          (iv) needs money for the support, care, education, health, and welfare of the respondent
             1426      or of individuals who are entitled to the respondent's support and that protection is necessary or
             1427      desirable to obtain or provide the money.
             1428          (2) The court may appoint a conservator for a specified time not to exceed the
             1429      respondent's 18th birthday. In other cases, the court may dismiss the proceeding or make any
             1430      other disposition that will serve the respondent's best interests.
             1431          Section 49. Section 75-5c-405 is enacted to read:
             1432          75-5c-405. Petition to appoint a conservator or enter a protective order for an
             1433      adult -- Findings.
             1434          (1) The court shall appoint a conservator or enter a protective order for an adult if it
             1435      finds:
             1436          (a) based on clear and convincing evidence, that the person to be protected has
             1437      knowingly and voluntarily petitioned the court to appoint a conservator or enter a protective
             1438      order; or
             1439          (b) (i) based on clear and convincing evidence, that the respondent is unable to manage
             1440      property and business affairs because the respondent is incapacitated, missing, detained, or
             1441      unable to return to the United States; and
             1442          (ii) by a preponderance of evidence, that the respondent:
             1443          (A) has property that will be wasted or dissipated unless management is provided; or
             1444          (B) needs money for the support, care, education, health, and welfare of the respondent
             1445      or of individuals who are entitled to the respondent's support and that protection is necessary or
             1446      desirable to obtain or provide the money.
             1447          (2) Appointment of a conservator or entry of a protective order based on a petition by
             1448      the person to be protected or because the respondent is missing, detained, or unable to return to
             1449      the United States is not a determination of that person's incapacity.
             1450          (3) Appointment of a conservator or entry of a protective order may not be denied
             1451      solely because the respondent has a valid power of attorney.
             1452          Section 50. Section 75-5c-406 is enacted to read:
             1453          75-5c-406. Least restrictive order -- Factors.


             1454          The court shall enter the least restrictive order consistent with its findings to
             1455      accommodate the respondent's particular functional limitations and demonstrated needs,
             1456      including appointive and other orders that will encourage the respondent to develop maximum
             1457      self-reliance and independence. The court should consider and weigh, as appropriate:
             1458          (1) whether the protected person can manage the activities of daily living through
             1459      training, education, support services, mental and physical health care, medication, therapy,
             1460      assistants, assistive devices, or other means that the person will accept;
             1461          (2) whether the protected person has planned for financial decision making, such as a
             1462      power of attorney, a trust or jointly held account, and whether the less restrictive alternatives to
             1463      a conservatorship are meeting the respondent's needs;
             1464          (3) whether the incapacity is likely to be temporary;
             1465          (4) the protected person's long-standing values, preferences, and patterns of behavior;
             1466      and
             1467          (5) other relevant factors.
             1468          Section 51. Section 75-5c-407 is enacted to read:
             1469          75-5c-407. Authority of court.
             1470          (1) Upon determining that a basis exists for a conservatorship or protective order, the
             1471      court has the following authority, which may be exercised directly or through a conservator.
             1472          (a) The court has all the authority over the estate and business affairs of a minor
             1473      protected person that may be necessary for the best interest of the protected person and
             1474      members of the protected person's immediate family.
             1475          (b) The court has all the authority over the estate and business affairs of an adult
             1476      protected person for the benefit of the protected person and individuals entitled to the protected
             1477      person's support that the protected person could exercise if present and not under
             1478      conservatorship or protective order.
             1479          (2) The court may limit authority otherwise conferred on a conservator and may
             1480      remove or modify any limitation at any time.
             1481          Section 52. Section 75-5c-408 is enacted to read:
             1482          75-5c-408. Protective arrangements and single transactions.
             1483          (1) Upon determining that a basis exists for a protective order, the court, without
             1484      appointing a conservator, may:


             1485          (a) authorize, direct, or ratify any transaction necessary or desirable to achieve any
             1486      arrangement for security, service, or care meeting the foreseeable needs of the protected person,
             1487      including:
             1488          (i) payment, delivery, deposit, or retention of funds or property;
             1489          (ii) sale, mortgage, lease, or other transfer of property;
             1490          (iii) purchase of an annuity;
             1491          (iv) making a contract for life care, deposit contract, or contract for training and
             1492      education; or
             1493          (v) addition to or establishment of a suitable trust; and
             1494          (b) authorize, direct, or ratify any other contract, trust, will, or transaction relating to
             1495      the protected person's property and business affairs, including settlement of a claim, upon
             1496      determining that it is in the protected person's best interest.
             1497          (2) In deciding whether to approve a protective arrangement or other transaction under
             1498      this section, the court shall consider the factors described in Subsection 75-5c-409 (3).
             1499          (3) The court may appoint a master to assist in any transaction or protective
             1500      arrangement authorized under this section. The master has the authority conferred by the order
             1501      and shall serve until discharged after reporting to the court.
             1502          Section 53. Section 75-5c-409 is enacted to read:
             1503          75-5c-409. Action requiring court approval.
             1504          (1) After notice to interested persons and upon express authorization of the court, a
             1505      conservator may:
             1506          (a) if an estate is ample to provide for the distributions authorized by Section
             1507      75-5c-417 , for a protected person other than a minor, give gifts, donations, and contributions
             1508      that the protected person might have been expected to give;
             1509          (b) convey, release, or disclaim contingent and expectant interests in property,
             1510      including marital property rights and any right of survivorship incident to joint tenancy or
             1511      tenancy by the entireties;
             1512          (c) exercise or release a power of appointment;
             1513          (d) create a revocable or irrevocable trust of estate property, whether or not the trust
             1514      extends beyond the duration of the conservatorship, or revoke or amend a trust revocable by the
             1515      protected person;


             1516          (e) exercise rights to elect options and change beneficiaries under insurance policies
             1517      and annuities or surrender the policies and annuities for their cash value;
             1518          (f) exercise any right to an elective share in the estate of the protected person's
             1519      deceased spouse and to renounce or disclaim any interest by testate or intestate succession or
             1520      by transfer inter vivos; and
             1521          (g) make, amend, or revoke the protected person's will.
             1522          (2) A conservator, in making, amending, or revoking the protected person's will, shall
             1523      comply with Chapter 2, Part 5, Wills.
             1524          (3) In exercising or in approving a conservator's exercise of the authority listed in
             1525      Subsection (1), the court shall use the best interest decision making standard. The court shall
             1526      also consider:
             1527          (a) the financial needs of the protected person, the needs of individuals entitled to the
             1528      protected person's support, and the interest of creditors;
             1529          (b) possible reduction of tax liabilities;
             1530          (c) eligibility for governmental assistance;
             1531          (d) the protected person's previous pattern of giving or level of support;
             1532          (e) the existing estate plan;
             1533          (f) the protected person's life expectancy and the probability that the conservatorship
             1534      will terminate before the protected person's death; and
             1535          (g) any other relevant factors.
             1536          (4) A conservator may revoke or amend a durable power of attorney of which the
             1537      protected person is the principal. If a durable power of attorney is in effect, a decision of the
             1538      conservator takes precedence over that of the agent unless the court orders otherwise.
             1539          Section 54. Section 75-5c-410 is enacted to read:
             1540          75-5c-410. Conservator's duties.
             1541          The conservator shall:
             1542          (1) within 14 days after appointment, serve on the protected person and all other people
             1543      entitled to notice of the petition a copy of the appointment order and notice of the right to
             1544      request termination or modification;
             1545          (2) within 90 days after appointment, file and serve a management plan as required by
             1546      court rule or court order describing the strategies that will be used to implement the court


             1547      order;
             1548          (3) within 90 days after appointment, file and serve an inventory of the estate subject to
             1549      the conservator's possession, ownership, or control under an oath or affirmation that the
             1550      inventory is believed to be complete and accurate as far as information permits;
             1551          (4) file and serve a report about the administration of the protected person's estate to
             1552      the satisfaction of the court upon resignation or removal, upon termination, and as required by
             1553      court rule or court order;
             1554          (5) comply with Section 75-5c-418 if the protected person dies;
             1555          (6) file a petition to terminate or modify the conservatorship within 30 days after the
             1556      protected person becomes capable of exercising rights previously removed;
             1557          (7) if the appointment is for a minor protected person, file a final report and petition to
             1558      terminate the conservatorship within 30 days after the protected person reaches majority;
             1559          (8) immediately notify the court and interested persons if the protected person or
             1560      conservator changes their dwelling place;
             1561          (9) exercise duties and authority authorized by statute and court order as necessary to
             1562      accommodate the protected person's particular functional limitations;
             1563          (10) if reasonable under the circumstances, encourage the protected person to:
             1564          (a) participate in decisions;
             1565          (b) act on their own behalf; and
             1566          (c) overcome the functional limitations that resulted in the protected person's
             1567      incapacity;
             1568          (11) act as a fiduciary and observe the standard of care of a trustee under Chapter 7,
             1569      Part 9, Utah Uniform Prudent Investor Act;
             1570          (12) keep contemporaneous records of the administration of the estate and make them
             1571      available for examination as directed by the court;
             1572          (13) take into account any estate plan of the protected person known to the conservator
             1573      and may examine the will and any other donative, nominative, or other appointive instrument
             1574      of the protected person in investing the estate, selecting assets of the estate for distribution, and
             1575      invoking power of revocation or withdrawal available for the use and benefit of the protected
             1576      person and exercisable by the conservator; and
             1577          (14) at termination, deliver any of the estate subject to the conservator's possession,


             1578      ownership, or control and any records as directed by law or the court.
             1579          Section 55. Section 75-5c-411 is enacted to read:
             1580          75-5c-411. Title by appointment.
             1581          The appointment of a conservator vests title in the conservator as trustee to all property
             1582      of the protected person, or to the part specified in the order, held at the time of appointment or
             1583      later acquired. An order vesting title in the conservator to only part of the property of the
             1584      protected person creates a conservatorship limited to assets specified in the order.
             1585          Section 56. Section 75-5c-412 is enacted to read:
             1586          75-5c-412. Protected person's interest inalienable.
             1587          (1) Except as otherwise provided in Subsections (3) and (4), the interest of a protected
             1588      person in property vested in a conservator is not transferable or assignable by the protected
             1589      person. An attempted transfer or assignment by the protected person, although ineffective to
             1590      affect property rights, may give rise to a claim against the protected person for restitution or
             1591      damages which may be presented to the conservator.
             1592          (2) Property vested in a conservator by appointment and the interest of the protected
             1593      person in that property are not subject to levy, garnishment, or similar process for claims
             1594      against the protected person unless allowed after presentation.
             1595          (3) A person without knowledge of the conservatorship who in good faith and for
             1596      security or substantially equivalent value receives delivery of tangible personal property
             1597      normally transferred by delivery is protected as if the protected person or transferee had valid
             1598      title.
             1599          (4) A third party who deals with the protected person with respect to property vested in
             1600      a conservator is entitled to any protection provided in other law.
             1601          Section 57. Section 75-5c-413 is enacted to read:
             1602          75-5c-413. Sale, encumbrance, or other transaction involving conflict of interest.
             1603          Any transaction affected by a substantial conflict between the conservator's fiduciary
             1604      and personal interests is voidable unless the transaction is expressly authorized by the court
             1605      after notice to interested persons. A transaction affected by a substantial conflict between
             1606      fiduciary and personal interests includes any sale, encumbrance, or other transaction involving
             1607      the estate entered into by the conservator, the spouse, descendant, agent, attorney of a
             1608      conservator, or a corporation or other enterprise in which the conservator has a substantial


             1609      beneficial interest.
             1610          Section 58. Section 75-5c-414 is enacted to read:
             1611          75-5c-414. Protection of person dealing with conservator.
             1612          (1) A person who assists or deals with a conservator in good faith and for value in any
             1613      transaction other than one requiring a court order is protected as though the conservator
             1614      properly exercised the authority. That a person knowingly assists or deals with a conservator
             1615      does not alone require the person to inquire into the conservator's authority or the propriety of
             1616      its exercise, but restrictions on the conservator's authority endorsed on letters of office are
             1617      effective as to third persons. A person who pays or delivers assets to a conservator is not
             1618      responsible for their proper application.
             1619          (2) Protection provided by this section extends to any procedural irregularity or
             1620      jurisdictional defect that occurred in the proceedings leading to the issuance of letters and is not
             1621      a substitute for protection provided to persons assisting or dealing with a conservator by
             1622      comparable provisions in other law relating to commercial transactions or to simplifying
             1623      transfers of securities by fiduciaries.
             1624          Section 59. Section 75-5c-415 is enacted to read:
             1625          75-5c-415. Authority of conservator in administration.
             1626          (1) Except as otherwise restricted in the appointment order and endorsed on the letters
             1627      of office, a conservator has all of the authority granted in this section and any additional
             1628      authority granted by law to a trustee.
             1629          (2) A conservator, acting reasonably and in an effort to accomplish the purpose of the
             1630      appointment, and without court authorization, may:
             1631          (a) collect, hold, and retain estate assets, including assets in which the conservator has
             1632      a personal interest and real property in another state, until the conservator considers that
             1633      disposition of an asset should be made;
             1634          (b) receive additions to the estate;
             1635          (c) continue or participate in the operation of a business or other enterprise;
             1636          (d) acquire an undivided interest in an estate asset in which the conservator, in a
             1637      fiduciary capacity, holds an undivided interest;
             1638          (e) invest estate assets as though the conservator were a trustee;
             1639          (f) deposit estate money in a financial institution, including one operated by the


             1640      conservator;
             1641          (g) acquire or dispose of an estate asset, including real property in another state, for
             1642      cash or on credit, at public or private sale, and manage, develop, improve, exchange, partition,
             1643      change the character of, or abandon an estate asset;
             1644          (h) make ordinary or extraordinary repairs or alterations in buildings or other
             1645      structures, demolish any improvements, and raze existing or erect new party walls or buildings;
             1646          (i) subdivide, develop, or dedicate land to public use, make or obtain the vacation of
             1647      plats and adjust boundaries, adjust differences in valuation or exchange or partition by giving
             1648      or receiving considerations, and dedicate easements to public use without consideration;
             1649          (j) enter for any purpose into a lease as lessor or lessee, with or without option to
             1650      purchase or renew, for a term within or extending beyond the term of the conservatorship;
             1651          (k) enter into a lease or arrangement for exploration and removal of minerals or other
             1652      natural resources or enter into a pooling or unitization agreement;
             1653          (l) grant an option involving disposition of an estate asset and take an option for the
             1654      acquisition of any asset;
             1655          (m) vote a security, in person or by general or limited proxy;
             1656          (n) pay calls, assessments, and any other sums chargeable or accruing against or on
             1657      account of securities;
             1658          (o) sell or exercise stock subscription or conversion rights;
             1659          (p) consent, directly or through a committee or other agent, to the reorganization,
             1660      consolidation, merger, dissolution, or liquidation of a corporation or other business enterprise;
             1661          (q) hold a security in the name of a nominee or in other form without disclosure of the
             1662      conservatorship so that title to the security may pass by delivery;
             1663          (r) insure estate assets against damage or loss and the conservator against liability with
             1664      respect to a third person;
             1665          (s) borrow money on behalf of the protected person, with or without security, to be
             1666      repaid from the estate or otherwise and advance money for the protection of the estate or the
             1667      protected person and for all expenses, losses, and liability sustained in the administration of the
             1668      estate or because of the holding or ownership of any assets, for which the conservator has a lien
             1669      on the estate as against the protected person for advances so made;
             1670          (t) pay or contest any claim, settle a claim by or against the estate or the protected


             1671      person by compromise, arbitration, or otherwise, and release, in whole or in part, any claim
             1672      belonging to the estate to the extent the claim is uncollectible;
             1673          (u) pay taxes, assessments, compensation of the conservator and any guardian, and
             1674      other expenses incurred in the collection, care, administration, and protection of the estate;
             1675          (v) allocate items of income or expense to income or principal of the estate, as
             1676      provided by other law, including creation of reserves out of income for depreciation,
             1677      obsolescence, or amortization or for depletion of minerals or other natural resources;
             1678          (w) pay any sum distributable to a protected person or to individuals entitled to the
             1679      protected person's support by paying the sum to the distributee or by paying the sum for the use
             1680      of the distributee:
             1681          (i) to the distributee's guardian or custodian under Chapter 5a, Uniform Transfers to
             1682      Minors Act; or
             1683          (ii) if there is no guardian or custodian, to a relative or other person having physical
             1684      custody of the distributee;
             1685          (x) prosecute or defend actions, claims, or proceedings in any jurisdiction for the
             1686      protection of estate assets and of the conservator in the performance of fiduciary duties; and
             1687          (y) execute and deliver all instruments that will accomplish or facilitate the exercise of
             1688      the conservator's authority.
             1689          Section 60. Section 75-5c-416 is enacted to read:
             1690          75-5c-416. Delegation.
             1691          (1) A conservator may not delegate to an agent or another conservator the entire
             1692      administration of the estate, but a conservator may delegate the performance of functions that a
             1693      prudent trustee of comparable skills may delegate under similar circumstances.
             1694          (2) The conservator shall exercise reasonable care, skill, and caution in:
             1695          (a) selecting an agent;
             1696          (b) establishing the scope and terms of a delegation, consistent with the purposes and
             1697      terms of the conservatorship;
             1698          (c) periodically reviewing an agent's overall performance and compliance with the
             1699      terms of the delegation; and
             1700          (d) redressing an action or decision of an agent which would constitute a breach of
             1701      trust if performed by the conservator.


             1702          (3) A conservator who complies with Subsections (1) and (2) is not liable to the
             1703      protected person or to the estate for the decisions or actions of the agent to whom a function
             1704      was delegated.
             1705          (4) In performing a delegated function, an agent shall exercise reasonable care to
             1706      comply with the terms of the delegation.
             1707          (5) By accepting a delegation from a conservator subject to the laws of this state, an
             1708      agent submits to the jurisdiction of the Utah courts.
             1709          Section 61. Section 75-5c-417 is enacted to read:
             1710          75-5c-417. Principles of distribution by conservator.
             1711          Unless otherwise specified in the appointment order and endorsed on the letters of
             1712      office or contrary to the management plan, a conservator may, without further court
             1713      authorization or confirmation, expend or distribute income or principal of the estate for the
             1714      support, care, education, health, and welfare of the protected person and individuals entitled to
             1715      the protected person's support, including the payment of child support or spousal support,
             1716      under the following rules:
             1717          (1) A conservator shall consider a guardian's recommendations about the appropriate
             1718      standard of support, care, education, health, and welfare for the protected person or individuals
             1719      entitled to the protected person's support. If the protected person is a protected person, the
             1720      conservator shall consider a parent's recommendations.
             1721          (2) A conservator may not be surcharged for money paid to persons furnishing support,
             1722      care, education, or benefits to a protected person or individuals entitled to the protected
             1723      person's support under the recommendations of the protected person's parent or guardian,
             1724      unless the conservator knows that the parent or guardian derives a personal financial benefit,
             1725      including relief from any personal duty of support, or the recommendations are not in the best
             1726      interest of the protected person.
             1727          (3) In making distributions under this section, the conservator shall consider:
             1728          (a) the size of the estate, the estimated duration of the conservatorship, and the
             1729      likelihood that the protected person, at some future time, may be fully self-sufficient and able
             1730      to manage business affairs and the estate;
             1731          (b) the accustomed standard of living of the protected person and individuals entitled to
             1732      the protected person's support; and


             1733          (c) other money or sources used for the support of the protected person and individuals
             1734      entitled to the protected person's support.
             1735          (4) Money expended under this section may be paid by the conservator to any person,
             1736      including the protected person, as reimbursement for expenditures that the conservator might
             1737      have made, or in advance for services to be rendered to the protected person if it is reasonable
             1738      to expect the services will be performed and advance payments are customary or reasonably
             1739      necessary under the circumstances.
             1740          Section 62. Section 75-5c-418 is enacted to read:
             1741          75-5c-418. Death of protected person.
             1742          (1) Upon the death of a protected person, the conservator shall deliver to the court for
             1743      safekeeping any will of the protected person which may have come into the conservator's
             1744      possession, inform the personal representative or beneficiary named in the will of the delivery,
             1745      and preserve and protect the estate for delivery to the decedent's personal representative or to
             1746      another person entitled to it.
             1747          (2) Upon the death of a protected person, the conservator shall conclude the
             1748      administration of the estate by distribution to the protected person's successors. The
             1749      conservator shall file a final report and petition to terminate the conservatorship within 30 days
             1750      after distribution.
             1751          Section 63. Section 75-5c-419 is enacted to read:
             1752          75-5c-419. Presentation and allowance of claims.
             1753          (1) A conservator may pay, or secure by encumbering estate assets, claims against the
             1754      estate or against the protected person arising before or during the conservatorship upon
             1755      presentation and allowance under the priorities stated in Subsection (5). A claimant may
             1756      present a claim by:
             1757          (a) sending or delivering to the conservator a written statement of the claim, indicating
             1758      its basis, the name and address of the claimant, and the amount claimed; or
             1759          (b) filing a written statement of the claim, in a form acceptable to the court, with the
             1760      court clerk and sending or delivering a copy of the statement to the conservator.
             1761          (2) A claim is considered presented on receipt of the written statement of claim by the
             1762      conservator or the filing of the claim with the court clerk, whichever occurs first.
             1763          (3) A presented claim is allowed if it is not disallowed by written statement sent or


             1764      delivered by the conservator to the claimant within 60 days after its presentation. Before
             1765      payment, the conservator may change an allowance to a disallowance in whole or in part, but
             1766      not after allowance under a court order or judgment or an order directing payment of the claim.
             1767      The presentation of a claim tolls the running of any statute of limitations relating to the claim
             1768      until 30 days after its disallowance.
             1769          (4) A claimant whose claim has not been paid may petition the court for determination
             1770      of the claim at any time before it is barred by a statute of limitations and, upon proof, procure
             1771      an order for its allowance, payment, or security by encumbering estate assets. If a proceeding
             1772      is pending against a protected person at the time of the conservator's appointment or is later
             1773      initiated against the protected person, the moving party shall give to the conservator notice of
             1774      any proceeding that could result in creating a claim against the estate.
             1775          (5) If it appears that the estate is likely to be exhausted before all existing claims are
             1776      paid, the conservator shall distribute the estate in money or in kind in payment of claims in the
             1777      following order:
             1778          (a) costs and expenses of administration;
             1779          (b) claims of the federal or state government having priority under other law;
             1780          (c) claims incurred by the conservator for support, care, education, health, and welfare
             1781      previously provided to the protected person or individuals entitled to the protected person's
             1782      support;
             1783          (d) claims arising before the conservatorship; and
             1784          (e) all other claims.
             1785          (6) Preference may not be given in the payment of a claim over any other claim of the
             1786      same class, and a claim due and payable may not be preferred over a claim not due.
             1787          (7) If assets of the conservatorship are adequate to meet all existing claims, the court,
             1788      acting in the best interest of the protected person, may order the conservator to grant a security
             1789      interest in the estate for the payment of any or all claims at a future date.
             1790          Section 64. Section 75-5c-420 is enacted to read:
             1791          75-5c-420. Personal liability of conservator.
             1792          (1) Except as otherwise agreed, a conservator is not personally liable on a contract
             1793      properly entered into in a fiduciary capacity in the course of administration of the estate unless
             1794      the conservator fails to reveal in the contract the representative capacity and identify the estate.


             1795          (2) A conservator is not personally liable for obligations arising from possession,
             1796      ownership, or control of estate property or for other acts or omissions occurring in the course of
             1797      administration of the estate unless the conservator is personally at fault.
             1798          (3) Regardless whether the conservator is personally liable, claims based on contracts
             1799      entered into by a conservator in a fiduciary capacity, obligations arising from possession,
             1800      ownership or control of the estate, and claims based on torts committed in the course of
             1801      administration of the estate may be asserted against the estate by proceeding against the
             1802      conservator in a fiduciary capacity.
             1803          (4) A question of liability between the estate and the conservator personally may be
             1804      determined in a proceeding for accounting, surcharge, or indemnification, or in another
             1805      appropriate proceeding or action.
             1806          (5) A conservator is not personally liable for any environmental condition on or injury
             1807      resulting from any environmental condition on land solely by reason of acquisition of title
             1808      under Section 75-5c-411 .
             1809          Section 65. Section 75-5c-421 is enacted to read:
             1810          75-5c-421. Payment of debt and delivery of property to foreign conservator
             1811      without local proceeding.
             1812          (1) A person who is indebted to or has the possession of tangible or intangible property
             1813      of a protected person may pay the debt or deliver the property to a foreign conservator,
             1814      guardian of the estate, or other court-appointed fiduciary of the state in which a protected
             1815      person resides.
             1816          (2) Payment or delivery may be made only upon proof of appointment and presentation
             1817      of an affidavit made by or on behalf of the fiduciary stating that a protective proceeding
             1818      relating to the protected person is not pending in this state and the foreign fiduciary is entitled
             1819      to payment or to receive delivery.
             1820          (3) Payment or delivery under Subsection (1) discharges the debtor or possessor, absent
             1821      knowledge of a protective proceeding pending in this state.
             1822          Section 66. Section 78B-5-804 is amended to read:
             1823           78B-5-804. Money deposited in court.
             1824          (1) (a) Any person depositing money in court, to be held in trust, shall pay it to the
             1825      court clerk.


             1826          (b) The clerk shall deposit the money in a court trust fund or with the county treasurer
             1827      or city recorder to be held subject to the order of the court.
             1828          (2) The Judicial Council shall adopt rules governing the maintenance of court trust
             1829      funds and the disposition of interest earnings on those trust funds.
             1830          (3) (a) Any interest earned on trust funds in the courts of record that is not required to
             1831      accrue to the litigants by Judicial Council rule or court order shall be deposited in a restricted
             1832      account. Any interest earned on trust funds in the courts not of record that is not required to
             1833      accrue to the litigants by Judicial Council rule or court order shall be deposited in the general
             1834      fund of the county or municipality.
             1835          (b) The Legislature shall appropriate funds from the restricted account of the courts of
             1836      record to the Judicial Council to:
             1837          (i) offset costs to the courts for collection and maintenance of court trust funds; [and]
             1838          (ii) provide accounting and auditing of all court revenue and trust accounts[.]; and
             1839          (iii) review or audit annual reports and accountings of guardians and conservators, and
             1840      recruit court visitors in guardianship and conservatorship proceedings.
             1841          Section 67. Repealer.
             1842          This bill repeals:
             1843          Section 75-5-101, Jurisdiction of subject matter -- Consolidation of proceedings.
             1844          Section 75-5-102, Facility of payment or delivery.
             1845          Section 75-5-103, Delegation of powers by parent or guardian.
             1846          Section 75-5-104, Power of court to appoint guardian ad litem not affected.
             1847          Section 75-5-105, Bond of guardian.
             1848          Section 75-5-201, Status of guardian of minor -- General.
             1849          Section 75-5-202, Appointment of guardian of minor.
             1850          Section 75-5-202.5, Appointment of guardian by written instrument.
             1851          Section 75-5-203, Objection to appointment.
             1852          Section 75-5-204, Court appointment of guardian of minor -- Conditions for
             1853      appointment.
             1854          Section 75-5-205, Court appointment of guardian of minor -- Venue.
             1855          Section 75-5-206, Court appointment of guardian of minor -- Qualifications --
             1856      Priority of minor's nominee.


             1857          Section 75-5-207, Court appointment of guardian of minor -- Procedure.
             1858          Section 75-5-208, Consent to service by acceptance of appointment -- Notice.
             1859          Section 75-5-209, Powers and duties of guardian of minor -- Residual parental
             1860      rights and duties -- Adoption of a ward.
             1861          Section 75-5-210, Termination of appointment of guardian -- General.
             1862          Section 75-5-211, Proceedings subsequent to appointment -- Venue.
             1863          Section 75-5-212, Resignation or removal proceedings.
             1864          Section 75-5-301, Appointment of guardian for incapacitated person.
             1865          Section 75-5-302, Venue.
             1866          Section 75-5-303, Procedure for court appointment of a guardian of an
             1867      incapacitated person.
             1868          Section 75-5-304, Findings -- Limited guardianship preferred -- Order of
             1869      appointment.
             1870          Section 75-5-305, Acceptance of appointment -- Consent to jurisdiction.
             1871          Section 75-5-306, Termination of guardianship for incapacitated person.
             1872          Section 75-5-307, Removal or resignation of guardian -- Termination of incapacity.
             1873          Section 75-5-308, Visitor in guardianship proceeding.
             1874          Section 75-5-309, Notices in guardianship proceedings.
             1875          Section 75-5-310, Temporary guardians.
             1876          Section 75-5-311, Who may be guardian -- Priorities.
             1877          Section 75-5-312, General powers and duties of guardian -- Penalties.
             1878          Section 75-5-313, Proceedings subsequent to appointment -- Venue.
             1879          Section 75-5-316, Expedited guardianship proceedings.
             1880          Section 75-5-401, Protective proceedings.
             1881          Section 75-5-402, Protective proceedings -- Jurisdiction of affairs of protected
             1882      persons.
             1883          Section 75-5-403, Venue.
             1884          Section 75-5-404, Original petition for appointment or protective order.
             1885          Section 75-5-405, Notice.
             1886          Section 75-5-406, Protective proceedings -- Request for notice -- Interested person.
             1887          Section 75-5-407, Procedure concerning hearing and order on original petition.


             1888          Section 75-5-408, Permissible court orders.
             1889          Section 75-5-409, Protective arrangements and single transactions authorized.
             1890          Section 75-5-410, Who may be appointed conservator -- Priorities.
             1891          Section 75-5-411, Bond.
             1892          Section 75-5-412, Terms and requirements of bonds.
             1893          Section 75-5-413, Acceptance of appointment -- Consent to jurisdiction.
             1894          Section 75-5-414, Compensation and expenses.
             1895          Section 75-5-415, Death, resignation or removal of conservator.
             1896          Section 75-5-416, Petitions for orders subsequent to appointment.
             1897          Section 75-5-417, General duty of conservator.
             1898          Section 75-5-418, Inventory and records.
             1899          Section 75-5-419, Accounts.
             1900          Section 75-5-420, Conservators -- Title by appointment.
             1901          Section 75-5-421, Recording of conservator's letters.
             1902          Section 75-5-422, Sale, encumbrance or transaction involving conflict of interest --
             1903      Voidable -- Exceptions.
             1904          Section 75-5-423, Persons dealing with conservators -- Protection.
             1905          Section 75-5-424, Powers of conservator in administration.
             1906          Section 75-5-425, Distributive duties and powers of conservator.
             1907          Section 75-5-426, Enlargement or limitation of powers of conservator.
             1908          Section 75-5-427, Preservation of estate plan.
             1909          Section 75-5-428, Claims against protected person -- Enforcement.
             1910          Section 75-5-429, Individual liability of conservator.
             1911          Section 75-5-430, Termination of proceeding.
             1912          Section 75-5-431, Payment of debt and delivery of property to foreign conservator
             1913      without local proceedings.
             1914          Section 75-5-432, Foreign conservator -- Proof of authority -- Bond -- Powers.
             1915          Section 75-5-433, Embezzlement of protected person's estate -- Citation to person
             1916      suspected.
             1917          Section 68. Effective date.
             1918          This bill takes effect January 1, 2012.






Legislative Review Note
    as of 2-9-11 9:14 AM


Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel


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