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H.B. 393 Enrolled

             1     

JUVENILE COMPETENCY AMENDMENTS

             2     
2012 GENERAL SESSION

             3     
STATE OF UTAH

             4     
Chief Sponsor: Kay L. McIff

             5     
Senate Sponsor: Lyle W. Hillyard

             6     
             7      LONG TITLE
             8      General Description:
             9          This bill enacts standards and procedures for juvenile competency proceedings, clarifies
             10      duties and responsibilities of the Department of Human Services, defines terms, and
             11      makes technical corrections.
             12      Highlighted Provisions:
             13          This bill:
             14          .    requires the department to:
             15              .    conduct juvenile competency evaluations in the least restrictive setting;
             16              .    upon a finding of good cause, use a second examiner to evaluate the juvenile;
             17      and
             18              .    prepare an attainment plan when a minor is found not competent to proceed;
             19          .    grants the juvenile court jurisdiction over a minor not competent to proceed;
             20          .    defines the following terms:
             21              .    "Mental disorder";
             22              .    "Intellectual disability";
             23              .    "Not competent to proceed"; and
             24              .    "Related condition";
             25          .    establishes competency to proceed standards and procedures; and
             26          .    makes technical corrections.
             27      Money Appropriated in this Bill:
             28          None
             29      Other Special Clauses:


             30          None
             31      Utah Code Sections Affected:
             32      AMENDS:
             33          62A-1-108.5, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2011, Chapter 366
             34          62A-1-111, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapters 3 and 382
             35          78A-6-101, as renumbered and amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 3
             36          78A-6-103, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2011, Chapter 366
             37          78A-6-105, as last amended by Laws of Utah 2011, Chapter 320
             38          78A-6-208, as renumbered and amended by Laws of Utah 2008, Chapter 3
             39      ENACTS:
             40          78A-6-1301, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             41          78A-6-1302, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             42          78A-6-1303, Utah Code Annotated 1953
             43     
             44      Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
             45          Section 1. Section 62A-1-108.5 is amended to read:
             46           62A-1-108.5. Mental illness and intellectual disability examinations --
             47      Responsibilities of the department.
             48          (1) In accomplishing its duties to conduct mental illness and intellectual disability
             49      examinations under Title 77, Utah Code of Criminal Procedure, and juvenile competency
             50      evaluations pursuant to Title 78A, Chapter 6, Juvenile Court Act, the department shall proceed
             51      as outlined in this section and within appropriations authorized by the Legislature. The
             52      executive director may delegate the executive director's responsibilities under this section to
             53      one or more divisions within the department.
             54          (2) When the department is ordered by the district court to conduct a mental illness or
             55      intellectual disability examination[,] the executive director shall:
             56          (a) direct that the examination be performed at the Utah State Hospital; or
             57          (b) designate at least one examiner, selected under Subsection [(3)] (4), to examine the


             58      defendant in the defendant's current custody or status.
             59          (3) When the department is ordered by the juvenile court to conduct a juvenile
             60      competency evaluation pursuant to Title 78A, Chapter 6, Juvenile Court Act, the executive
             61      director shall:
             62          (a) designate an examiner selected pursuant to Subsection (4) to evaluate the minor;
             63      and
             64          (b) upon a finding of good cause and order of the court, designate a second examiner to
             65      evaluate the minor.
             66          [(3)] (4) The department shall establish criteria, in consultation with the Commission
             67      on Criminal and Juvenile Justice, and shall contract with persons or organizations to conduct
             68      mental illness and intellectual disability [examinations] or related condition, and juvenile
             69      competency evaluations under [Subsection] Subsections (2)(b) and (3)(b). In making this
             70      selection, the department shall follow the provisions of Title 63G, Chapter 6, Utah
             71      Procurement Code.
             72          [(4)] (5) Nothing in this section prohibits the executive director, at the request of
             73      defense counsel or a prosecuting attorney in a criminal proceeding under Title 77, Utah Code
             74      of Criminal Procedure, and for good cause shown, from proposing a person who has not been
             75      previously selected under Subsection [(3)] (4) to contract with the department to conduct the
             76      [examination] evaluation. In selecting that person, the criteria of the department established
             77      under Subsection [(3)] (4) and the provisions of Title 63G, Chapter 6, Utah Procurement Code,
             78      shall be met.
             79          Section 2. Section 62A-1-111 is amended to read:
             80           62A-1-111. Department authority.
             81          The department may, in addition to all other authority and responsibility granted to it by
             82      law:
             83          (1) adopt rules, not inconsistent with law, as the department may consider necessary or
             84      desirable for providing social services to the people of this state;
             85          (2) establish and manage client trust accounts in the department's institutions and


             86      community programs, at the request of the client or the client's legal guardian or representative,
             87      or in accordance with federal law;
             88          (3) purchase, as authorized or required by law, services that the department is
             89      responsible to provide for legally eligible persons;
             90          (4) conduct adjudicative proceedings for clients and providers in accordance with the
             91      procedures of Title 63G, Chapter 4, Administrative Procedures Act;
             92          (5) establish eligibility standards for its programs, not inconsistent with state or federal
             93      law or regulations;
             94          (6) take necessary steps, including legal action, to recover money or the monetary value
             95      of services provided to a recipient who was not eligible;
             96          (7) set and collect fees for its services;
             97          (8) license agencies, facilities, and programs, except as otherwise allowed, prohibited,
             98      or limited by law;
             99          (9) acquire, manage, and dispose of any real or personal property needed or owned by
             100      the department, not inconsistent with state law;
             101          (10) receive gifts, grants, devises, and donations; gifts, grants, devises, donations, or
             102      the proceeds thereof, may be credited to the program designated by the donor, and may be used
             103      for the purposes requested by the donor, as long as the request conforms to state and federal
             104      policy; all donated funds shall be considered private, nonlapsing funds and may be invested
             105      under guidelines established by the state treasurer;
             106          (11) accept and employ volunteer labor or services; the department is authorized to
             107      reimburse volunteers for necessary expenses, when the department considers that
             108      reimbursement to be appropriate;
             109          (12) carry out the responsibility assigned in the Workforce Services Plan by the State
             110      Council on Workforce Services;
             111          (13) carry out the responsibility assigned by Section 9-4-802 with respect to
             112      coordination of services for the homeless;
             113          (14) carry out the responsibility assigned by Section 62A-5a-105 with respect to


             114      coordination of services for students with a disability;
             115          (15) provide training and educational opportunities for its staff;
             116          (16) collect child support payments and any other money due to the department;
             117          (17) apply the provisions of Title 78B, Chapter 12, Utah Child Support Act, to parents
             118      whose child lives out of the home in a department licensed or certified setting;
             119          (18) establish policy and procedures, within appropriations authorized by the
             120      Legislature, in cases where the department is given custody of a minor by the juvenile court
             121      pursuant to Section 78A-6-117 or ordered to prepare an attainment plan for a minor found not
             122      competent to proceed pursuant to Section 78A-6-1301 ; any policy and procedures shall
             123      include:
             124          (a) designation of interagency teams for each juvenile court district in the state;
             125          (b) delineation of assessment criteria and procedures;
             126          (c) minimum requirements, and timeframes, for the development and implementation
             127      of a collaborative service plan for each minor placed in department custody; and
             128          (d) provisions for submittal of the plan and periodic progress reports to the court;
             129          (19) carry out the responsibilities assigned to it by statute;
             130          (20) examine and audit the expenditures of any public funds provided to local
             131      substance abuse authorities, local mental health authorities, local area agencies on aging, and
             132      any person, agency, or organization that contracts with or receives funds from those authorities
             133      or agencies. Those local authorities, area agencies, and any person or entity that contracts with
             134      or receives funds from those authorities or area agencies, shall provide the department with any
             135      information the department considers necessary. The department is further authorized to issue
             136      directives resulting from any examination or audit to local authorities, area agencies, and
             137      persons or entities that contract with or receive funds from those authorities with regard to any
             138      public funds. If the department determines that it is necessary to withhold funds from a local
             139      mental health authority or local substance abuse authority based on failure to comply with state
             140      or federal law, policy, or contract provisions, it may take steps necessary to ensure continuity of
             141      services. For purposes of this Subsection (20) "public funds" means the same as that term is


             142      defined in Section 62A-15-102 ; and
             143          (21) pursuant to Subsection 62A-2-106 (1)(d), accredit one or more agencies and
             144      persons to provide intercountry adoption services.
             145          Section 3. Section 78A-6-101 is amended to read:
             146     
CHAPTER 6. JUVENILE COURT ACT

             147           78A-6-101. Title.
             148          This chapter is known as the "Juvenile Court Act [of 1996]."
             149          Section 4. Section 78A-6-103 is amended to read:
             150           78A-6-103. Jurisdiction of juvenile court -- Original -- Exclusive.
             151          (1) Except as otherwise provided by law, the juvenile court has exclusive original
             152      jurisdiction in proceedings concerning:
             153          (a) a child who has violated any federal, state, or local law or municipal ordinance or a
             154      person younger than 21 years of age who has violated any law or ordinance before becoming
             155      18 years of age, regardless of where the violation occurred, excluding offenses in Subsection
             156      78A-7-106 (2);
             157          (b) a person 21 years of age or older who has failed or refused to comply with an order
             158      of the juvenile court to pay a fine or restitution, if the order was imposed before the person's
             159      21st birthday; however, the continuing jurisdiction is limited to causing compliance with
             160      existing orders;
             161          (c) a child who is an abused child, neglected child, or dependent child, as those terms
             162      are defined in Section 78A-6-105 ;
             163          (d) a protective order for a child pursuant to the provisions of Title 78B, Chapter 7,
             164      Part 2, Child Protective Orders, which the juvenile court may transfer to the district court if the
             165      juvenile court has entered an ex parte protective order and finds that:
             166          (i) the petitioner and the respondent are the natural parent, adoptive parent, or step
             167      parent of the child who is the object of the petition;
             168          (ii) the district court has a petition pending or an order related to custody or parent-time
             169      entered under Title 30, Chapter 3, Divorce, Title 78B, Chapter 7, Part 1, Cohabitant Abuse Act,


             170      or Title 78B, Chapter 15, Utah Uniform Parentage Act, in which the petitioner and the
             171      respondent are parties; and
             172          (iii) the best interests of the child will be better served in the district court;
             173          (e) appointment of a guardian of the person or other guardian of a minor who comes
             174      within the court's jurisdiction under other provisions of this section;
             175          (f) the emancipation of a minor in accordance with Part 8, Emancipation;
             176          (g) the termination of the legal parent-child relationship in accordance with Part 5,
             177      Termination of Parental Rights Act, including termination of residual parental rights and
             178      duties;
             179          (h) the treatment or commitment of a minor who has an intellectual disability;
             180          (i) a minor who is a habitual truant from school;
             181          (j) the judicial consent to the marriage of a child under age 16 upon a determination of
             182      voluntariness or where otherwise required by law, employment, or enlistment of a child when
             183      consent is required by law;
             184          (k) any parent or parents of a child committed to a secure youth corrections facility, to
             185      order, at the discretion of the court and on the recommendation of a secure facility, the parent
             186      or parents of a child committed to a secure facility for a custodial term, to undergo group
             187      rehabilitation therapy under the direction of a secure facility therapist, who has supervision of
             188      that parent's or parents' child, or any other therapist the court may direct, for a period directed
             189      by the court as recommended by a secure facility;
             190          (l) a minor under Title 55, Chapter 12, Interstate Compact for Juveniles;
             191          (m) the treatment or commitment of a child with a mental illness. The court may
             192      commit a child to the physical custody of a local mental health authority in accordance with the
             193      procedures and requirements of Title 62A, Chapter 15, Part 7, Commitment of Persons Under
             194      Age 18 to Division of Substance Abuse and Mental Health, but not directly to the Utah State
             195      Hospital;
             196          (n) the commitment of a child to a secure drug or alcohol facility in accordance with
             197      Section 62A-15-301 ;


             198          (o) a minor found not competent to proceed pursuant to Section 78A-6-1301 ;
             199          [(o)] (p) de novo review of final agency actions resulting from an informal adjudicative
             200      proceeding as provided in Section 63G-4-402 ; and
             201          [(p)] (q) adoptions conducted in accordance with the procedures described in Title
             202      78B, Chapter 6, Part 1, Utah Adoption Act, when the juvenile court has previously entered an
             203      order terminating the rights of a parent and finds that adoption is in the best interest of the
             204      child.
             205          (2) Notwithstanding Section 78A-7-106 and Subsection 78A-5-102 (9), the juvenile
             206      court has exclusive jurisdiction over the following offenses committed by a child:
             207          (a) Title 41, Chapter 6a, Part 5, Driving Under the Influence and Reckless Driving;
             208          (b) Section 73-18-12 , reckless operation; and
             209          (c) class B and C misdemeanors, infractions, or violations of ordinances that are part of
             210      a single criminal episode filed in a petition that contains an offense over which the court has
             211      jurisdiction.
             212          (3) The juvenile court has jurisdiction over an ungovernable or runaway child who is
             213      referred to it by the Division of Child and Family Services or by public or private agencies that
             214      contract with the division to provide services to that child where, despite earnest and persistent
             215      efforts by the division or agency, the child has demonstrated that the child:
             216          (a) is beyond the control of the child's parent, guardian, lawful custodian, or school
             217      authorities to the extent that the child's behavior or condition endangers the child's own welfare
             218      or the welfare of others; or
             219          (b) has run away from home.
             220          (4) This section does not restrict the right of access to the juvenile court by private
             221      agencies or other persons.
             222          (5) The juvenile court has jurisdiction of all magistrate functions relative to cases
             223      arising under Section 78A-6-702 .
             224          (6) The juvenile court has jurisdiction to make a finding of substantiated,
             225      unsubstantiated, or without merit, in accordance with Section 78A-6-323 .


             226          (7) The juvenile court has jurisdiction of matters transferred to it by another trial court
             227      pursuant to Subsection 78A-7-106 (7).
             228          Section 5. Section 78A-6-105 is amended to read:
             229           78A-6-105. Definitions.
             230          As used in this chapter:
             231          (1) (a) "Abuse" means:
             232          (i) nonaccidental harm of a child;
             233          (ii) threatened harm of a child;
             234          (iii) sexual exploitation; or
             235          (iv) sexual abuse.
             236          (b) "Abuse" does not include:
             237          (i) reasonable discipline or management of a child, including withholding privileges;
             238          (ii) conduct described in Section 76-2-401 ; or
             239          (iii) the use of reasonable and necessary physical restraint or force on a child:
             240          (A) in self-defense;
             241          (B) in defense of others;
             242          (C) to protect the child; or
             243          (D) to remove a weapon in the possession of a child for any of the reasons described in
             244      Subsections (1)(b)(iii)(A) through (C).
             245          (2) "Abused child" means a child who has been subjected to abuse.
             246          (3) "Adjudication" means a finding by the court, incorporated in a decree, that the facts
             247      alleged in the petition have been proved. A finding of not competent to proceed pursuant to
             248      Section 78A-6-1302 is not an adjudication.
             249          (4) "Adult" means a person 18 years of age or over, except that a person 18 years or
             250      over under the continuing jurisdiction of the juvenile court pursuant to Section 78A-6-120 shall
             251      be referred to as a minor.
             252          (5) "Board" means the Board of Juvenile Court Judges.
             253          (6) "Child" means a person under 18 years of age.


             254          (7) "Child placement agency" means:
             255          (a) a private agency licensed to receive a child for placement or adoption under this
             256      code; or
             257          (b) a private agency that receives a child for placement or adoption in another state,
             258      which agency is licensed or approved where such license or approval is required by law.
             259          (8) "Clandestine laboratory operation" is as defined in Section 58-37d-3 .
             260          (9) "Commit" means, unless specified otherwise:
             261          (a) with respect to a child, to transfer legal custody; and
             262          (b) with respect to a minor who is at least 18 years of age, to transfer custody.
             263          (10) "Court" means the juvenile court.
             264          (11) "Dependent child" includes a child who is homeless or without proper care
             265      through no fault of the child's parent, guardian, or custodian.
             266          (12) "Deprivation of custody" means transfer of legal custody by the court from a
             267      parent or the parents or a previous legal custodian to another person, agency, or institution.
             268          (13) "Detention" means home detention and secure detention as defined in Section
             269      62A-7-101 for the temporary care of a minor who requires secure custody in a physically
             270      restricting facility:
             271          (a) pending court disposition or transfer to another jurisdiction; or
             272          (b) while under the continuing jurisdiction of the court.
             273          (14) "Division" means the Division of Child and Family Services.
             274          (15) "Formal referral" means a written report from a peace officer or other person
             275      informing the court that a minor is or appears to be within the court's jurisdiction and that a
             276      petition may be filed.
             277          (16) "Group rehabilitation therapy" means psychological and social counseling of one
             278      or more persons in the group, depending upon the recommendation of the therapist.
             279          (17) "Guardianship of the person" includes the authority to consent to:
             280          (a) marriage;
             281          (b) enlistment in the armed forces;


             282          (c) major medical, surgical, or psychiatric treatment; or
             283          (d) legal custody, if legal custody is not vested in another person, agency, or institution.
             284          (18) "Habitual truant" is as defined in Section 53A-11-101 .
             285          (19) "Harm" means:
             286          (a) physical, emotional, or developmental injury or damage;
             287          (b) sexual abuse; or
             288          (c) sexual exploitation.
             289          (20) (a) "Incest" means engaging in sexual intercourse with a person whom the
             290      perpetrator knows to be the perpetrator's ancestor, descendant, brother, sister, uncle, aunt,
             291      nephew, niece, or first cousin.
             292          (b) The relationships described in Subsection (20)(a) include:
             293          (i) blood relationships of the whole or half blood, without regard to legitimacy;
             294          (ii) relationships of parent and child by adoption; and
             295          (iii) relationships of stepparent and stepchild while the marriage creating the
             296      relationship of a stepparent and stepchild exists.
             297          (21) "Intellectual disability" means:
             298          (a) significantly subaverage intellectual functioning, an IQ of approximately 70 or
             299      below on an individually administered IQ test, for infants, a clinical judgment of significantly
             300      subaverage intellectual functioning;
             301          (b) concurrent deficits or impairments in present adaptive functioning, the person's
             302      effectiveness in meeting the standards expected for his or her age by the person's cultural
             303      group, in at least two of the following areas: communication, self-care, home living,
             304      social/interpersonal skills, use of community resources, self-direction, functional academic
             305      skills, work, leisure, health, and safety; and
             306          (c) the onset is before the person reaches the age of 18 years.
             307          [(21)] (22) "Legal custody" means a relationship embodying the following rights and
             308      duties:
             309          (a) the right to physical custody of the minor;


             310          (b) the right and duty to protect, train, and discipline the minor;
             311          (c) the duty to provide the minor with food, clothing, shelter, education, and ordinary
             312      medical care;
             313          (d) the right to determine where and with whom the minor shall live; and
             314          (e) the right, in an emergency, to authorize surgery or other extraordinary care.
             315          (23) "Mental disorder" means a serious emotional and mental disturbance that severely
             316      limits a minor's development and welfare over a significant period of time.
             317          [(22)] (24) "Minor" means:
             318          (a) a child; or
             319          (b) a person who is:
             320          (i) at least 18 years of age and younger than 21 years of age; and
             321          (ii) under the jurisdiction of the juvenile court.
             322          [(23)] (25) "Molestation" means that a person, with the intent to arouse or gratify the
             323      sexual desire of any person:
             324          (a) touches the anus or any part of the genitals of a child;
             325          (b) takes indecent liberties with a child; or
             326          (c) causes a child to take indecent liberties with the perpetrator or another.
             327          [(24)] (26) "Natural parent" means a minor's biological or adoptive parent, and
             328      includes the minor's noncustodial parent.
             329          [(25)] (27) (a) "Neglect" means:
             330          (i) abandonment of a child, except as provided in Title 62A, Chapter 4a, Part 8, Safe
             331      Relinquishment of a Newborn Child;
             332          (ii) lack of proper parental care of a child by reason of the fault or habits of the parent,
             333      guardian, or custodian;
             334          (iii) failure or refusal of a parent, guardian, or custodian to provide proper or necessary
             335      subsistence, education, or medical care, or any other care necessary for the child's health,
             336      safety, morals, or well-being; or
             337          (iv) a child at risk of being neglected or abused because another child in the same home


             338      is neglected or abused.
             339          (b) The aspect of neglect relating to education, described in Subsection [(25)]
             340      (27)(a)(iii), means that, after receiving a notice of compulsory education violation under
             341      Section 53A-11-101.5 , or notice that a parent or guardian has failed to cooperate with school
             342      authorities in a reasonable manner as required under Subsection 53A-11-101.7 (5)(a), the parent
             343      or guardian fails to make a good faith effort to ensure that the child receives an appropriate
             344      education.
             345          (c) A parent or guardian legitimately practicing religious beliefs and who, for that
             346      reason, does not provide specified medical treatment for a child, is not guilty of neglect.
             347          (d) (i) Notwithstanding Subsection [(25)] (27)(a), a health care decision made for a
             348      child by the child's parent or guardian does not constitute neglect unless the state or other party
             349      to the proceeding shows, by clear and convincing evidence, that the health care decision is not
             350      reasonable and informed.
             351          (ii) Nothing in Subsection [(25)] (27)(d)(i) may prohibit a parent or guardian from
             352      exercising the right to obtain a second health care opinion.
             353          [(26)] (28) "Neglected child" means a child who has been subjected to neglect.
             354          [(27)] (29) "Nonjudicial adjustment" means closure of the case by the assigned
             355      probation officer without judicial determination upon the consent in writing of:
             356          (a) the assigned probation officer; and
             357          (b) (i) the minor; or
             358          (ii) the minor and the minor's parent, legal guardian, or custodian.
             359          (30) "Not competent to proceed" means that a minor, due to a mental disorder,
             360      intellectual disability, or related condition as defined, lacks the ability to:
             361          (a) understand the nature of the proceedings against them or of the potential disposition
             362      for the offense charged; or
             363          (b) consult with counsel and participate in the proceedings against them with a
             364      reasonable degree of rational understanding.
             365          [(28)] (31) "Physical abuse" means abuse that results in physical injury or damage to a


             366      child.
             367          [(29)] (32) "Probation" means a legal status created by court order following an
             368      adjudication on the ground of a violation of law or under Section 78A-6-103 , whereby the
             369      minor is permitted to remain in the minor's home under prescribed conditions and under
             370      supervision by the probation department or other agency designated by the court, subject to
             371      return to the court for violation of any of the conditions prescribed.
             372          [(30)] (33) "Protective supervision" means a legal status created by court order
             373      following an adjudication on the ground of abuse, neglect, or dependency, whereby the minor
             374      is permitted to remain in the minor's home, and supervision and assistance to correct the abuse,
             375      neglect, or dependency is provided by the probation department or other agency designated by
             376      the court.
             377          (34) "Related condition" means a condition closely related to intellectual disability in
             378      accordance with 42 C.F.R. Part 435.1010 and further defined in Rule R539-1-3, Utah
             379      Administrative Code.
             380          [(31) (a)] (35) "Residual parental rights and duties" means those rights and duties
             381      remaining with the parent after legal custody or guardianship, or both, have been vested in
             382      another person or agency, including:
             383          (i) the responsibility for support;
             384          (ii) the right to consent to adoption;
             385          (iii) the right to determine the child's religious affiliation; and
             386          (iv) the right to reasonable parent-time unless restricted by the court.
             387          (b) If no guardian has been appointed, "residual parental rights and duties" also include
             388      the right to consent to:
             389          (i) marriage;
             390          (ii) enlistment; and
             391          (iii) major medical, surgical, or psychiatric treatment.
             392          [(32)] (36) "Secure facility" means any facility operated by or under contract with the
             393      Division of Juvenile Justice Services, that provides 24-hour supervision and confinement for


             394      youth offenders committed to the division for custody and rehabilitation.
             395          [(33)] (37) "Severe abuse" means abuse that causes or threatens to cause serious harm
             396      to a child.
             397          [(34)] (38) "Severe neglect" means neglect that causes or threatens to cause serious
             398      harm to a child.
             399          [(35)] (39) "Sexual abuse" means:
             400          (a) an act or attempted act of sexual intercourse, sodomy, incest, or molestation
             401      directed towards a child; or
             402          (b) engaging in any conduct with a child that would constitute an offense under any of
             403      the following, regardless of whether the person who engages in the conduct is actually charged
             404      with, or convicted of, the offense:
             405          (i) Title 76, Chapter 5, Part 4, Sexual Offenses;
             406          (ii) child bigamy, Section 76-7-101.5 ;
             407          (iii) incest, Section 76-7-102 ;
             408          (iv) lewdness or sexual battery, Section 76-9-702 ;
             409          (v) lewdness involving a child, Section 76-9-702.5 ; or
             410          (vi) voyeurism, Section 76-9-702.7 .
             411          [(36)] (40) "Sexual exploitation" means knowingly:
             412          (a) employing, using, persuading, inducing, enticing, or coercing any child to:
             413          (i) pose in the nude for the purpose of sexual arousal of any person; or
             414          (ii) engage in any sexual or simulated sexual conduct for the purpose of photographing,
             415      filming, recording, or displaying in any way the sexual or simulated sexual conduct;
             416          (b) displaying, distributing, possessing for the purpose of distribution, or selling
             417      material depicting a child:
             418          (i) in the nude, for the purpose of sexual arousal of any person; or
             419          (ii) engaging in sexual or simulated sexual conduct; or
             420          (c) engaging in any conduct that would constitute an offense under Section 76-5b-201 ,
             421      Sexual Exploitation of a Minor, regardless of whether the person who engages in the conduct is


             422      actually charged with, or convicted of, the offense.
             423          [(37)] (41) "Shelter" means the temporary care of a child in a physically unrestricted
             424      facility pending court disposition or transfer to another jurisdiction.
             425          [(38)] (42) "State supervision" means a disposition that provides a more intensive level
             426      of intervention than standard probation but is less intensive or restrictive than a community
             427      placement with the Division of Juvenile Justice Services.
             428          [(39)] (43) "Substance abuse" means the misuse or excessive use of alcohol or other
             429      drugs or substances.
             430          [(40)] (44) "Substantiated" is as defined in Section 62A-4a-101 .
             431          [(41)] (45) "Supported" is as defined in Section 62A-4a-101 .
             432          [(42)] (46) "Termination of parental rights" means the permanent elimination of all
             433      parental rights and duties, including residual parental rights and duties, by court order.
             434          [(43)] (47) "Therapist" means:
             435          (a) a person employed by a state division or agency for the purpose of conducting
             436      psychological treatment and counseling of a minor in its custody; or
             437          (b) any other person licensed or approved by the state for the purpose of conducting
             438      psychological treatment and counseling.
             439          [(44)] (48) "Unsubstantiated" is as defined in Section 62A-4a-101 .
             440          [(45)] (49) "Without merit" is as defined in Section 62A-4a-101 .
             441          Section 6. Section 78A-6-208 is amended to read:
             442           78A-6-208. Mental health evaluations -- Duty of administrator.
             443          (1) The administrator of the juvenile court, with the approval of the board, and the
             444      executive director of the Department of Health, and director of the Division of Substance
             445      Abuse and Mental Health shall from time to time agree upon an appropriate plan:
             446          (a) for obtaining mental health services and health services for the juvenile court from
             447      the state and local health departments and programs of mental health; and
             448          (b) for assistance by the Department of Health and the Division of Substance Abuse
             449      and Mental Health in securing for the juvenile court special health, mental health, juvenile


             450      competency evaluations, and related services including community mental health services not
             451      already available from the Department of Health and the Division of Substance Abuse and
             452      Mental Health.
             453          (2) The Legislature may provide an appropriation to the Department of Health and the
             454      Division of Substance Abuse and Mental Health for this purpose.
             455          Section 7. Section 78A-6-1301 is enacted to read:
             456     
Part 13. Juvenile Competency

             457          78A-6-1301. Competency to proceed.
             458          (1) Whenever a petition is filed alleging that a minor has committed an act that would
             459      be a crime if committed by an adult, a motion for an inquiry into the minor's competency may
             460      be filed. The motion shall be filed in the juvenile court where the petition is pending.
             461          (2) The motion shall contain:
             462          (a) a certificate that it is filed in good faith and on reasonable grounds to believe the
             463      minor is not competent to proceed;
             464          (b) a recital of the facts, observations, and conversations with the minor that have
             465      formed the basis for the motion; and
             466          (c) if filed by defense counsel, the motion shall contain information that can be
             467      revealed without invading the lawyer-client privilege.
             468          (3) The motion may be based upon knowledge or information and belief and may be
             469      filed by:
             470          (a) the minor alleged not competent to proceed;
             471          (b) any person acting on the minor's behalf;
             472          (c) the prosecuting attorney;
             473          (d) the guardian ad litem; or
             474          (e) any person having custody or supervision over the minor.
             475          (4) The court in which a petition is pending may raise the issue of a minor's
             476      competency at any time. If raised by the court, counsel for each party shall be permitted to
             477      address the issue of competency.


             478          Section 8. Section 78A-6-1302 is enacted to read:
             479          78A-6-1302. Procedure -- Standard.
             480          (1) When a motion is filed pursuant to Section 78A-6-1301 raising the issue of a
             481      minor's competency to proceed, or when the court raises the issue of a minor's competency to
             482      proceed, the juvenile court in which proceedings are pending stay all delinquency proceedings.
             483          (2) If a motion for inquiry is opposed by either party, the court shall, prior to granting
             484      or denying the motion, hold a limited hearing solely for the purpose of determining the
             485      sufficiency of the motion. If the court finds that the allegations of incompetency raise a bona
             486      fide doubt as to the minor's competency to proceed, it shall enter an order for an evaluation of
             487      the minor's competency to proceed, and shall set a date for a hearing on the issue of the minor's
             488      competency.
             489          (3) After the granting of a motion, and prior to a full competency hearing, the court
             490      may order the Department of Human Services to evaluate the minor and to report to the court
             491      concerning the minor's mental condition.
             492          (4) The minor shall be evaluated by a mental health examiner with experience in
             493      juvenile forensic evaluations and juvenile brain development, who is not involved in the
             494      current treatment of the minor. If it becomes apparent that the minor may be not competent
             495      due to an intellectual disability or related condition, the examiner shall be experienced in
             496      intellectual disability or related condition evaluations of minors.
             497          (5) The petitioner or other party, as directed by the court, shall provide all information
             498      and materials to the examiners relevant to a determination of the minor's competency
             499      including:
             500          (a) the motion;
             501          (b) the arrest or incident reports pertaining to the charged offense;
             502          (c) the minor's known delinquency history information;
             503          (d) known prior mental health evaluations and treatments; and
             504          (e) consistent with 20 U.S.C. Sec. 1232G (b)(1)(E)(ii)(I), records pertaining to the
             505      minor's education.


             506          (6) The minor's parents or guardian, the prosecutor, defense attorney, and guardian ad
             507      litem, shall cooperate in providing the relevant information and materials to the examiners.
             508          (7) In conducting the evaluation and in the report determining if a minor is competent
             509      to proceed as defined in Subsection 78A-6-105 (30), the examiner shall consider the impact of a
             510      mental disorder, intellectual disability, or related condition on a minor's present capacity to:
             511          (a) comprehend and appreciate the charges or allegations;
             512          (b) disclose to counsel pertinent facts, events, or states of mind;
             513          (c) comprehend and appreciate the range and nature of possible penalties, if applicable,
             514      that may be imposed in the proceedings against the minor;
             515          (d) engage in reasoned choice of legal strategies and options;
             516          (e) understand the adversarial nature of the proceedings;
             517          (f) manifest appropriate courtroom behavior; and
             518          (g) testify relevantly, if applicable.
             519          (8) In addition to the requirements of Subsection (7), the examiner's written report
             520      shall:
             521          (a) identify the specific matters referred for evaluation;
             522          (b) describe the procedures, techniques, and tests used in the evaluation and the
             523      purpose or purposes for each;
             524          (c) state the examiner's clinical observations, findings, and opinions on each issue
             525      referred for evaluation by the court, and indicate specifically those issues, if any, on which the
             526      examiner could not give an opinion;
             527          (d) state the likelihood that the minor will attain competency and the amount of time
             528      estimated to achieve it; and
             529          (e) identify the sources of information used by the examiner and present the basis for
             530      the examiner's clinical findings and opinions.
             531          (9) The examiner shall provide an initial report to the court, the prosecuting and
             532      defense attorneys, and the guardian ad litem, if applicable, within 30 days of the receipt of the
             533      court's order. If the examiner informs the court that additional time is needed, the court may


             534      grant, taking into consideration the custody status of the minor, up to an additional 30 days to
             535      provide the report to the court and counsel. The examiner must provide the report within 60
             536      days from the receipt of the court's order unless, for good cause shown, the court authorizes an
             537      additional period of time to complete the evaluation and provide the report. The report shall
             538      inform the court of the examiner's opinion concerning the competency and the likelihood of the
             539      minor to attain competency within a year. In the alternative, the examiner may inform the court
             540      in writing that additional time is needed to complete the report.
             541          (10) Any statement made by the minor in the course of any competency evaluation,
             542      whether the evaluation is with or without the consent of the minor, any testimony by the
             543      examiner based upon any statement, and any other fruits of the statement may not be admitted
             544      in evidence against the minor in any delinquency or criminal proceeding except on an issue
             545      respecting the mental condition on which the minor has introduced evidence. The evidence
             546      may be admitted, however, where relevant to a determination of the minor's competency.
             547          (11) Prior to evaluating the minor, examiners shall specifically advise the minor and
             548      the parents or guardian of the limits of confidentiality as provided under Subsection (10).
             549          (12) When the report is received the court shall set a date for a competency hearing
             550      which shall be held in not less than five and not more than 15 days, unless the court enlarges
             551      the time for good cause.
             552          (13) A minor shall be presumed competent unless the court, by a preponderance of the
             553      evidence, finds the minor not competent to proceed. The burden of proof is upon the
             554      proponent of incompetency to proceed.
             555          (14) (a) Following the hearing, the court shall determine by a preponderance of
             556      evidence whether the minor is:
             557          (i) competent to proceed;
             558          (ii) not competent to proceed with a substantial probability that the minor may attain
             559      competency in the foreseeable future; or
             560          (iii) not competent to proceed without a substantial probability that the minor may
             561      attain competency in the foreseeable future.


             562          (b) If the court enters a finding pursuant to Subsection (14)(a)(i), the court shall
             563      proceed with the delinquency proceedings.
             564          (c) If the court enters a finding pursuant to Subsection (14)(a)(ii), the court shall
             565      proceed consistent with Section 78A-6-1303 .
             566          (d) If the court enters a finding pursuant to Subsection (14)(a)(iii), the court shall
             567      terminate the competency proceeding, dismiss the delinquency charges without prejudice, and
             568      release the minor from any custody order related to the pending delinquency proceeding, unless
             569      the prosecutor informs the court that commitment proceedings pursuant to Title 62A, Chapter
             570      5, Services for People with Disabilities, or Title 62A, Chapter 15, Substance Abuse and Mental
             571      Health Act, will be initiated. These commitment proceedings shall be initiated within seven
             572      days after the court's order, unless the court enlarges the time for good cause shown. The
             573      minor may be ordered to remain in custody until the commitment proceedings have been
             574      concluded.
             575          (15) If the court finds the minor not competent to proceed, its order shall contain
             576      findings addressing each of the factors in Subsection (7).
             577          Section 9. Section 78A-6-1303 is enacted to read:
             578          78A-6-1303. Disposition on finding of incompetency to proceed -- Subsequent
             579      hearings -- Notice to prosecuting attorneys.
             580          (1) If the court determines that the minor is not competent to proceed, and there is a
             581      substantial likelihood that the minor may attain competency in the foreseeable future, the court
             582      shall notify the Department of Human Services of the finding, and allow the department 30
             583      days to develop a six month attainment plan for the minor.
             584          (2) The attainment plan shall include:
             585          (a) any services or treatment the minor has been or is currently receiving;
             586          (b) any additional services or treatment the minor may require to attain competency
             587      within the six month time period;
             588          (c) an assessment of the parent, custodian, or guardian's ability to access or provide any
             589      recommended treatment or services;


             590          (d) any special conditions or supervision that may be necessary for the safety of the
             591      minor or others during the attainment period; and
             592          (e) the likelihood that the minor will attain competency in a six month period.
             593          (3) The department shall provide the attainment plan to the court, prosecutor, defense
             594      attorney, and guardian ad litem at least three days prior to the competency disposition hearing.
             595          (4) During the attainment period, the minor shall remain in the least restrictive
             596      appropriate setting.
             597          (a) A finding of not competent to proceed does not grant authority for a court to place a
             598      minor in the custody of the department or any of its divisions, or create eligibility for services
             599      from the Division of Services for People With Disabilities.
             600          (b) If the court orders the minor to be held in detention or placed outside of the home
             601      of the parent or guardian during the attainment period, the court shall make the following
             602      findings on the record:
             603          (i) the placement is the least restrictive setting;
             604          (ii) the placement is in the best interest of the minor;
             605          (iii) the minor will have access to the services and treatment required by the attainment
             606      plan in the placement; and
             607          (iv) the placement is necessary for the safety of the minor or others.
             608          (5) If the minor is held in detention pending placement in a less restrictive setting, the
             609      department shall locate and transfer the minor to the alternative placement within 14 days.
             610          (6) The court shall review the case at least once every three months to determine
             611      whether the placement is still the least restrictive appropriate placement.
             612          (7) At any time that the minor becomes competent to proceed during the attainment
             613      period, the executive director of the Department of Human Services, or its designee, shall
             614      notify the court, prosecutor, defense attorney, and guardian ad litem. The court shall hold a
             615      hearing with 15 business days of notice from the executive director.
             616          (8) If at any time during the attainment period the court finds that there is not a
             617      substantial probability that the minor will attain competency in the foreseeable future, the court


             618      shall terminate the competency proceeding, dismiss the delinquency charges without prejudice,
             619      and release the minor from any custody order related to the pending delinquency proceeding,
             620      unless the prosecutor informs the court that commitment proceedings pursuant to Title 62A,
             621      Chapter 5, Services for People with Disabilities, or Title 62A, Chapter 15, Substance Abuse
             622      and Mental Health Act, will be initiated. These commitment proceedings shall be initiated
             623      within seven days after the court's order, unless the court enlarges the time for good cause
             624      shown. The minor may be ordered to remain in custody until the commitment proceedings
             625      have been concluded.
             626          (9) During the attainment period, the court may order a hearing or rehearing at anytime
             627      on its own motion or upon recommendation of any interested party or the executive director of
             628      the Department of Human Services.
             629          (10) At the conclusion of the attainment period, the department shall provide a report
             630      on the minor's progress towards competence. The report shall address the minor's:
             631          (a) compliance with the attainment plan;
             632          (b) progress towards competency based on the issues identified in the original
             633      competency evaluation;
             634          (c) current mental disorder, intellectual disability, or related condition and need for
             635      treatment, if any; and
             636          (d) whether the minor has attained competency, or the likelihood of the minor attaining
             637      competency and the amount of time necessary to attain it.
             638          (11) The court on its own motion, or upon motion by either party or by the executive
             639      director, may order an updated juvenile competency evaluation to examine the minor and
             640      advise the court on the minor's current competency status and progress toward competency
             641      restoration.
             642          (12) Within 30 days of receipt of the report, the court shall hold a hearing to determine
             643      the minor's current status. At the hearing, the burden of proving the minor is competent is on
             644      the proponent of competency. The court shall determine by a preponderance of the evidence
             645      whether the minor is competent to proceed.


             646          (13) If the minor has not attained competency after the initial six month attainment
             647      period but is showing reasonable progress towards attainment of competency, the court may
             648      extend the attainment period up to an additional six months.
             649          (14) If the minor does not attain competency within one year after the court initially
             650      finds the minor not competent to proceed, the court shall terminate the competency
             651      proceedings and dismiss the delinquency charges without prejudice.


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