First Substitute H.B. 128

Representative Ryan D. Wilcox proposes the following substitute bill:


             1     
ELECTRONIC DEVICE LOCATION AMENDMENTS

             2     
2014 GENERAL SESSION

             3     
STATE OF UTAH

             4     
Chief Sponsor: Ryan D. Wilcox

             5     
Senate Sponsor: Mark B. Madsen

             6     
             7      LONG TITLE
             8      General Description:
             9          This bill requires that a governmental entity obtain a search warrant before obtaining
             10      the location information of an electronic device.
             11      Highlighted Provisions:
             12          This bill:
             13          .    defines terms;
             14          .    requires a search warrant before requesting disclosure of the location of an
             15      electronic device;
             16          .    provides exceptions for emergencies; and
             17          .    makes technical corrections.
             18      Money Appropriated in this Bill:
             19          None
             20      Other Special Clauses:
             21          This bill coordinates with S.B. 46, Administrative Subpoena Requirement
             22      Modifications, by providing technical and substantive amendments.
             23      Utah Code Sections Affected:
             24      ENACTS:
             25           77-23c-101 , Utah Code Annotated 1953


             26           77-23c-102 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             27           77-23c-103 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             28      Utah Code Sections Affected by Coordination Clause:
             29           77-23c-102 , Utah Code Annotated 1953
             30     
             31      Be it enacted by the Legislature of the state of Utah:
             32          Section 1. Section 77-23c-101 is enacted to read:
             33     
CHAPTER 23c. LOCATION PRIVACY FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES

             34          77-23c-101. Definitions.
             35          As used in this chapter:
             36          (1) "Electronic communication service" means a service that provides to users of the
             37      service the ability to send or receive wire or electronic communications.
             38          (2) "Electronic device" means a device that enables access to or use of an electronic
             39      communication service, remote computing service, or location information service.
             40          (3) "Government entity" means the state, a county, a municipality, a higher education
             41      institution, a local district, a special service district, or any other political subdivision of the
             42      state or an administrative subunit of any political subdivision, including a law enforcement
             43      entity or any other investigative entity, agency, department, division, bureau, board, or
             44      commission, or an individual acting or purporting to act for or on behalf of a state or local
             45      agency.
             46          (4) "Location information" means information concerning the location of an electronic
             47      device that, in whole or in part, is generated or derived from or obtained by the operation of an
             48      electronic device.
             49          (5) "Location information service" means the provision of a global positioning service
             50      or other mapping, location, or directional information service.
             51          (6) "Remote computing service" means the provision of computer storage or
             52      processing services by means of an electronic communications system.
             53          Section 2. Section 77-23c-102 is enacted to read:
             54          77-23c-102. Location information privacy -- Warrant required for disclosure.
             55          (1) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (2), a government entity may not obtain the
             56      location information, stored data, or transmitted data of an electronic device without a search


             57      warrant issued by a court upon probable cause.
             58          (b) Except as provided in Subsection (1)(c), a government entity may not use, copy, or
             59      disclose, for any purpose, the location information, stored data, or transmitted data of an
             60      electronic device that is not the subject of the warrant that is collected as part of an effort to
             61      obtain the location information, stored data, or transmitted data of the electronic device that is
             62      the subject of the warrant in Subsection (1)(a).
             63          (c) A government entity may use, copy, or disclose the transmitted data of an electronic
             64      device used to communicate with the electronic device that is the subject of the warrant if the
             65      government entity reasonably believes that the transmitted data is necessary to achieve the
             66      objective of the warrant.
             67          (d) The data described in Subsection (1)(b) shall be destroyed in an unrecoverable
             68      manner by the government entity no later than 24 hours after the data is collected.
             69          (2) A government entity may obtain location information without a warrant for an
             70      electronic device:
             71          (a) in accordance with Section 53-10-104.5 ;
             72          (b) if the device is reported stolen by the owner;
             73          (c) with the informed, affirmative consent of the owner or user of the electronic device;
             74          (d) in accordance with judicially recognized exceptions to warrant requirements; or
             75          (e) if the owner has voluntarily and publicly disclosed the location information.
             76          (3) An electronic communication service provider, its officers, employees, agents, or
             77      other specified persons may not be held liable for providing information, facilities, or
             78      assistance in accordance with the terms of the warrant issued under this section.
             79          Section 3. Section 77-23c-103 is enacted to read:
             80          77-23c-103. Notification required -- Delayed notification.
             81          (1) Except as provided in Subsection (2), a government entity that executes a warrant
             82      pursuant to Subsection 77-23c-102 (1)(a) shall, within 14 days after the day on which the
             83      operation commences, issue a notification to the owner of the electronic device specified in the
             84      warrant that states:
             85          (a) that a warrant was applied for and granted;
             86          (b) the kind of warrant issued;
             87          (c) the period of time during which the collection of data from the electronic device


             88      was authorized;
             89          (d) the offense specified in the application for the warrant;
             90          (e) the identity of the government entity that filed the application; and
             91          (f) the identity of the judge who issued the warrant.
             92          (2) A government entity seeking a warrant pursuant to Subsection 77-23c-102 (1)(a)
             93      may submit a request, and the court may grant permission, to delay the notification required by
             94      Subsection (1) for a period not to exceed 30 days, if the court determines that there is probable
             95      cause to believe that the notification may:
             96          (a) endanger the life or physical safety of an individual;
             97          (b) cause a person to flee from prosecution;
             98          (c) lead to the destruction of or tampering with evidence;
             99          (d) intimidate a potential witness; or
             100          (e) otherwise seriously jeopardize an investigation or unduly delay a trial.
             101          (3) When a delay of notification is granted under Subsection (2) and upon application
             102      by the government entity, the court may grant additional extensions of up to 30 days each.
             103          (4) Upon expiration of the period of delayed notification granted under Subsection (2)
             104      or (3), the government entity shall serve upon or deliver by first-class mail to the owner of the
             105      electronic device a copy of the warrant together with notice that:
             106          (a) states with reasonable specificity the nature of the law enforcement inquiry; and
             107          (b) contains:
             108          (i) the information described in Subsections (1)(a) through (f);
             109          (ii) a statement that notification of the search was delayed;
             110          (iii) the name of the court that authorized the delay of notification; and
             111          (iv) a reference to the provision of this chapter that allowed the delay of notification.
             112          (5) A government entity is not required to notify the owner of the electronic device if
             113      the owner is located outside of the United States.
             114          Section 4. Coordinating H.B. 128 with S.B. 46 -- Technical and substantive
             115      amendments.
             116          If this H.B. 128 and S.B. 46, Administrative Subpoena Requirement Modifications,
             117      both pass and become law, it is the intent of the Legislature that Subsection 77-23c-102(2) be
             118      modified to read as follows:


             119          "(2) (a) A government entity may obtain location information without a warrant for an
             120      electronic device:
             121          (i) in accordance with Section 53-10-104.5 ;
             122          (ii) if the device is reported stolen by the owner;
             123          (iii) with the informed, affirmative consent of the owner or user of the electronic
             124      device;
             125          (iv) in accordance with judicially recognized exceptions to warrant requirements; or
             126          (v) if the owner has voluntarily and publicly disclosed the location information.
             127          (b) A prosecutor may obtain a judicial order as defined in Section 77-22-2.5 for the
             128      purposes enumerated in Section 77-22-2.5 ."


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